Progress on the roles of glia in postoperative cognitive dysfunction_Journal of Biomedical Engineering

Authors：

NIU Wang ^1,2,3 , LI Qian ^1,2,3 ,  JIANG Ruotian ^1,2,3

1. Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P.R.China;
2. Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P.R.China;
3. The Research Units of West China (2018RU012), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu 610041, P.R.China;

Corresponding author：

Keywords：

postoperative cognitive dysfunction; microglia; astrocytes; oligodendrocytes

DOI：

10.7507/1001-5515.202001040

Video：

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Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is one of the most common complications after surgery under general anesthesia and usually manifests as newly presented cognitive impairment. However, the mechanism of POCD is still unclear. In addition to neurons, glial cells including microglia, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes, represent a large cell population in the nervous system. The bi-directional communication between neurons and glia provides basis for neural circuit function. Recent studies suggest that glial dysfunctions may contribute to the occurrence and progress of POCD. In this paper, we review the relevant work on POCD, which may provide new insights into the mechanism and therapeutic strategy for POCD.

Citation： NIU Wang, LI Qian, JIANG Ruotian. Progress on the roles of glia in postoperative cognitive dysfunction. Journal of Biomedical Engineering, 2020, 37(4): 708-713, 720. doi: 10.7507/1001-5515.202001040 Copy

1.	Kapoor I, Prabhakar H, Mahajan C. Postoperative cognitive dysfunction. Indian J Crit Care Med, 2019, 23(Suppl 2): S162‐S164.
2.	申远, 谢仲淙. 术后神经认知功能障碍. 北京医学, 2018, 40(6): 501-503.
3.	Li Nana, Xiang Zhang, Dong Hongquan, et al. Bidirectional relationship of mast cells-neurovascular unit communication in neuroinflammation and its involvement in POCD. Behav Brain Res, 2017, 322(Pt A): 60-69.
4.	李秀丽, 朱志华, 杨哲, 等. 术后认知功能障碍的炎症病因学研究进展. 中国实验诊断学, 2019, 23(10): 1841-1844.
5.	Tang Yu, Le Weidong. Differential roles of M1 and M2 microglia in neurodegenerative diseases. Mol Neurobiol, 2016, 53(2): 1181-1194.
6.	曹飞, 王琴琴. 小胶质细胞介导的神经炎症在帕金森病发生发展中的作用. 济宁医学院学报, 2019, 42(4): 289-293, 297.
7.	Ma Gang, Chen Chan, Jiang Haixia, et al. Ribonuclease attenuates hepatic ischemia reperfusion induced cognitive impairment through the inhibition of inflammatory cytokines in aged mice. Biomed Pharmacother, 2017, 90: 62-68.
8.	Wang Tianhai, Zhu Hongge, Hou Yanshen, et al. Galantamine reversed early postoperative cognitive deficit via alleviating inflammation and enhancing synaptic transmission in mouse hippocampus. Eur J Pharmacol, 2019, 846: 63-72.
9.	Li Zhe, Liu Fang, Ma Hong, et al. Age exacerbates surgery-induced cognitive impairment and neuroinflammation in Sprague-Dawley rats: the role of IL-4. Brain Res, 2017, 1665: 65-73.
10.	Cai Zhiyou, Zhao Bin, Deng Yanqing, et al. Notch signaling in cerebrovascular diseases (Review). Mol Med Rep, 2016, 14(4): 2883–2898.
11.	Li H, Ma J, Fang Q, et al. Botch protects neurons from ischemic insult by antagonizing Notch-mediated neuroinflammation. Exp Neurol, 2019, 321: 113028.
12.	Wu Lei, Li Yushuang, Yu Minhua, et al. Notch signaling regulates microglial activation and inflammatory reactions in a rat model of temporal lobe epilepsy. Neurochem Res, 2018, 43(6): 1269-1282.
13.	Xu Weilin, Mo Jun, Ocak U, et al. Activation of melanocortin 1 receptor attenuates early brain injury in a rat model of subarachnoid hemorrhage viathe suppression of neuroinflammation through AMPK/TBK1/NF-κB pathway in rats. Neurotherapeutics, 2020, 17(1): 294-308.
14.	Wang Limei, Wang Yongjiu, Cui Min, et al. A dietary polyphenol resveratrol acts to provide neuroprotection in recurrent stroke models by regulating AMPK and SIRT1 signaling, thereby reducing energy requirements during ischemia. Eur J Neurosci, 2013, 37(10): 1669-1681.
15.	Qi Guoyuan, Mi Yashi, Fan Rong, et al. Nobiletin protects against systemic inflammation-stimulated memory impairment via MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways. J Agric Food Chem, 2019, 67(18): 5122-5134.
16.	Sn S, Pandurangi J, Murumalla R, et al. Small molecule modulator of aggrephagy regulates neuroinflammation to curb pathogenesis of neurodegeneration. EBioMedicine, 2019, 50: 260‐273.
17.	Yamanaka D, Kawano T, Nishigaki A, et al. Preventive effects of dexmedetomidine on the development of cognitive dysfunction following systemic inflammation in aged rats. J Anesth, 2017, 31(1): 25-35.
18.	Cibelli M, Fidalgo A R, Terrando N, et al. Role of interleukin-1β in postoperative cognitive dysfunction. Ann Neurol, 2010, 68(3): 360–368.
19.	Terrando N, Monaco C, Ma Daqing, et al. Tumor necrosis factor-α triggers a cytokine cascade yielding postoperative cognitive decline. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2010, 107(47): 20518-20522.
20.	Feng Xiaomei, Valdearcos M, Uchida Y, et al. Microglia mediate postoperative hippocampal inflammation and cognitive decline in mice. JCI Insight, 2017, 2(7): e91229.
21.	Madry C, Kyrargyri V, Arancibia-Cárcamo I L, et al. Microglial ramification, surveillance, and interleukin-1β release are regulated by the two-pore domain K+ channel THIK-1. Neuron, 2018, 97(2): 299-312.
22.	Liu Y U, YING Yanlu, LI Yujiao, et al. Neuronal network activity controls microglial process surveillance in awake mice via norepinephrine signaling. Nat Neurosci, 2019, 22(11): 1771-1781.
23.	Hovens I B, van Leeuwen B L, Nyakas C, et al. Postoperative cognitive dysfunction and microglial activation in associated brain regions in old rats. Neurobiol Learn Mem, 2015, 118(期缺失): 74-79.
24.	Zhou Bin, Zuo Yunxia, Jiang Ruotian. Astrocyte morphology: Diversity, plasticity, and role in neurological diseases. CNS Neurosci Ther, 2019, 25(6): 665-673.
25.	Verkhratsky A, Nedergaard M. Physiology of astroglia. Physiol Rev, 2018, 98(1): 239-389.
26.	Verkhratsky A, Nedergaard M. The homeostatic astroglia emerges from evolutionary specialization of neural cells. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci, 2016, 371(1700): 20150428.
27.	Liddelow S A, Guttenplan K A, Clarke L E, et al. Neurotoxic reactive astrocytes are induced by activated microglia. Nature, 2017, 541(7638): 481‐487.
28.	Liu Peirong, Cao Feng, Zhang Yu, et al. Electroacupuncture reduces astrocyte number and oxidative stress in aged rats with surgery-induced cognitive dysfunction. J Int Med Res, 2019, 47(8): 3860-3873.
29.	Zhang Guanglin, Deng Jianping, Wang Benhan, et al. Gypenosides improve cognitive impairment induced by chronic cerebral hypoperfusion in rats by suppressing oxidative stress and astrocytic activation. Behav Pharmacol, 2011, 22(7): 633-644.
30.	Tian Ayong, Ma Hong, Zhang Rongwei, et al. Interleukin17A promotes postoperative cognitive dysfunction by triggering β-amyloid accumulation via the transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ)/Smad signaling pathway. PLoS One, 2015, 10(10): e0141596.
31.	Zhou Bin, Chen Lingmin, Liao Ping, et al. Astroglial dysfunctions drive aberrant synaptogenesis and social behavioral deficits in mice with neonatal exposure to lengthy general anesthesia. PLoS Biol, 2019, 17(8): e3000086.
32.	Monje M. Myelin plasticity and nervous system function. Annu Rev Neurosci, 2018, 41(1): 61-76.
33.	Su Weiping, Matsumoto S, Banine F, et al. A modified flavonoid accelerates oligodendrocyte maturation and functional remyelination. Glia, 2020, 68(2): 263-279.
34.	Ahn S M, Kim Y R, Kim H N, et al. Electroacupuncture ameliorates memory impairments by enhancing oligodendrocyte regeneration in a mouse model of prolonged cerebral hypoperfusion. Sci Rep, 2016, 6: 28646.
35.	Fan L, Wang T L, Xu Y C, et al. Minocycline may be useful to prevent/treat postoperative cognitive decline in elderly patients. Med Hypotheses, 2011, 76(5): 733-736.
36.	Jin Wenjie, Feng Shanwu, Feng Zhou, et al. Minocycline improves postoperative cognitive impairment in aged mice by inhibiting astrocytic activation. Neuroreport, 2014, 25(1): 1‐6.
37.	Tian Yue, Guo Shanbin, Wu Xiuying, et al. Minocycline alleviates sevoflurane-induced cognitive impairment in aged rats. Cell Mol Neurobiol, 2015, 35(4): 585-594.
38.	Haile M, Boutajangout A, Chung K, et al. The Cox-2 inhibitor meloxicam ameliorates neuroinflammation and depressive behavior in adult mice after splenectomy. J Neurophysiol Neurol Disord, 2016, 3: 101.
39.	Zhu Y J, Peng K, Meng X W, et al. Attenuation of neuroinflammation by dexmedetomidine is associated with activation of a cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway in a rat tibial fracture model. Brain Res, 2016, 1644: 1‐8.
40.	Deng F, Cai L, Zhou B, et al. Whole transcriptome sequencing reveals dexmedetomidine-improves postoperative cognitive dysfunction in rats via modulating lncRNA. 3 Biotech, 2020, 10(5): 202.
41.	Sheets M F, Hanck D A. Molecular action of lidocaine on the voltage sensors of sodium channels. J Gen Physiol, 2003, 121: 163–175.
42.	Yuan T, Li Z, Li X, et al. Lidocaine attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory responses in microglia. J Surg Res, 2014, 192(1): 150‐162.
43.	Bell J D. In vogue: Ketamine for neuroprotection in acute neurologic injury. Anesth Analg, 2017, 124(4): 1237‐1243.
44.	Cata J P, Abdelmalak B, Farag E. Neurological biomarkers in the perioperative period. Br J Anaesth, 2011, 107(6): 844-858.
45.	GENG Yingjie, WU Qinghua, ZHANG Ruiqin. Effect of propofol, sevoflurane, and isoflurane on postoperative cognitive dysfunction following laparoscopic cholecystectomy in elderly patients: A randomized controlled trial. J Clin Anesth, 2017, 38: 165-171.
46.	Li Hui, Yang Xue, Shi Wei, et al. Protective effects of nimodipine on cerebrovascular function in chronic alcoholic encephalopathy. Int J Mol Med, 2014, 33(1): 201-208.
47.	Li Y N, Zhang Q, Yin C P, et al. Effects of nimodipine on postoperative delirium in elderly under general anesthesia: A prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trial. Medicine, 2017, 96(19): e6849.

1. Kapoor I, Prabhakar H, Mahajan C. Postoperative cognitive dysfunction. Indian J Crit Care Med, 2019, 23(Suppl 2): S162‐S164.
2. 申远, 谢仲淙. 术后神经认知功能障碍. 北京医学, 2018, 40(6): 501-503.
3. Li Nana, Xiang Zhang, Dong Hongquan, et al. Bidirectional relationship of mast cells-neurovascular unit communication in neuroinflammation and its involvement in POCD. Behav Brain Res, 2017, 322(Pt A): 60-69.
4. 李秀丽, 朱志华, 杨哲, 等. 术后认知功能障碍的炎症病因学研究进展. 中国实验诊断学, 2019, 23(10): 1841-1844.
5. Tang Yu, Le Weidong. Differential roles of M1 and M2 microglia in neurodegenerative diseases. Mol Neurobiol, 2016, 53(2): 1181-1194.
6. 曹飞, 王琴琴. 小胶质细胞介导的神经炎症在帕金森病发生发展中的作用. 济宁医学院学报, 2019, 42(4): 289-293, 297.
7. Ma Gang, Chen Chan, Jiang Haixia, et al. Ribonuclease attenuates hepatic ischemia reperfusion induced cognitive impairment through the inhibition of inflammatory cytokines in aged mice. Biomed Pharmacother, 2017, 90: 62-68.
8. Wang Tianhai, Zhu Hongge, Hou Yanshen, et al. Galantamine reversed early postoperative cognitive deficit via alleviating inflammation and enhancing synaptic transmission in mouse hippocampus. Eur J Pharmacol, 2019, 846: 63-72.
9. Li Zhe, Liu Fang, Ma Hong, et al. Age exacerbates surgery-induced cognitive impairment and neuroinflammation in Sprague-Dawley rats: the role of IL-4. Brain Res, 2017, 1665: 65-73.
10. Cai Zhiyou, Zhao Bin, Deng Yanqing, et al. Notch signaling in cerebrovascular diseases (Review). Mol Med Rep, 2016, 14(4): 2883–2898.
11. Li H, Ma J, Fang Q, et al. Botch protects neurons from ischemic insult by antagonizing Notch-mediated neuroinflammation. Exp Neurol, 2019, 321: 113028.
12. Wu Lei, Li Yushuang, Yu Minhua, et al. Notch signaling regulates microglial activation and inflammatory reactions in a rat model of temporal lobe epilepsy. Neurochem Res, 2018, 43(6): 1269-1282.
13. Xu Weilin, Mo Jun, Ocak U, et al. Activation of melanocortin 1 receptor attenuates early brain injury in a rat model of subarachnoid hemorrhage viathe suppression of neuroinflammation through AMPK/TBK1/NF-κB pathway in rats. Neurotherapeutics, 2020, 17(1): 294-308.
14. Wang Limei, Wang Yongjiu, Cui Min, et al. A dietary polyphenol resveratrol acts to provide neuroprotection in recurrent stroke models by regulating AMPK and SIRT1 signaling, thereby reducing energy requirements during ischemia. Eur J Neurosci, 2013, 37(10): 1669-1681.
15. Qi Guoyuan, Mi Yashi, Fan Rong, et al. Nobiletin protects against systemic inflammation-stimulated memory impairment via MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways. J Agric Food Chem, 2019, 67(18): 5122-5134.
16. Sn S, Pandurangi J, Murumalla R, et al. Small molecule modulator of aggrephagy regulates neuroinflammation to curb pathogenesis of neurodegeneration. EBioMedicine, 2019, 50: 260‐273.
17. Yamanaka D, Kawano T, Nishigaki A, et al. Preventive effects of dexmedetomidine on the development of cognitive dysfunction following systemic inflammation in aged rats. J Anesth, 2017, 31(1): 25-35.
18. Cibelli M, Fidalgo A R, Terrando N, et al. Role of interleukin-1β in postoperative cognitive dysfunction. Ann Neurol, 2010, 68(3): 360–368.
19. Terrando N, Monaco C, Ma Daqing, et al. Tumor necrosis factor-α triggers a cytokine cascade yielding postoperative cognitive decline. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2010, 107(47): 20518-20522.
20. Feng Xiaomei, Valdearcos M, Uchida Y, et al. Microglia mediate postoperative hippocampal inflammation and cognitive decline in mice. JCI Insight, 2017, 2(7): e91229.
21. Madry C, Kyrargyri V, Arancibia-Cárcamo I L, et al. Microglial ramification, surveillance, and interleukin-1β release are regulated by the two-pore domain K+ channel THIK-1. Neuron, 2018, 97(2): 299-312.
22. Liu Y U, YING Yanlu, LI Yujiao, et al. Neuronal network activity controls microglial process surveillance in awake mice via norepinephrine signaling. Nat Neurosci, 2019, 22(11): 1771-1781.
23. Hovens I B, van Leeuwen B L, Nyakas C, et al. Postoperative cognitive dysfunction and microglial activation in associated brain regions in old rats. Neurobiol Learn Mem, 2015, 118(期缺失): 74-79.
24. Zhou Bin, Zuo Yunxia, Jiang Ruotian. Astrocyte morphology: Diversity, plasticity, and role in neurological diseases. CNS Neurosci Ther, 2019, 25(6): 665-673.
25. Verkhratsky A, Nedergaard M. Physiology of astroglia. Physiol Rev, 2018, 98(1): 239-389.
26. Verkhratsky A, Nedergaard M. The homeostatic astroglia emerges from evolutionary specialization of neural cells. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci, 2016, 371(1700): 20150428.
27. Liddelow S A, Guttenplan K A, Clarke L E, et al. Neurotoxic reactive astrocytes are induced by activated microglia. Nature, 2017, 541(7638): 481‐487.
28. Liu Peirong, Cao Feng, Zhang Yu, et al. Electroacupuncture reduces astrocyte number and oxidative stress in aged rats with surgery-induced cognitive dysfunction. J Int Med Res, 2019, 47(8): 3860-3873.
29. Zhang Guanglin, Deng Jianping, Wang Benhan, et al. Gypenosides improve cognitive impairment induced by chronic cerebral hypoperfusion in rats by suppressing oxidative stress and astrocytic activation. Behav Pharmacol, 2011, 22(7): 633-644.
30. Tian Ayong, Ma Hong, Zhang Rongwei, et al. Interleukin17A promotes postoperative cognitive dysfunction by triggering β-amyloid accumulation via the transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ)/Smad signaling pathway. PLoS One, 2015, 10(10): e0141596.
31. Zhou Bin, Chen Lingmin, Liao Ping, et al. Astroglial dysfunctions drive aberrant synaptogenesis and social behavioral deficits in mice with neonatal exposure to lengthy general anesthesia. PLoS Biol, 2019, 17(8): e3000086.
32. Monje M. Myelin plasticity and nervous system function. Annu Rev Neurosci, 2018, 41(1): 61-76.
33. Su Weiping, Matsumoto S, Banine F, et al. A modified flavonoid accelerates oligodendrocyte maturation and functional remyelination. Glia, 2020, 68(2): 263-279.
34. Ahn S M, Kim Y R, Kim H N, et al. Electroacupuncture ameliorates memory impairments by enhancing oligodendrocyte regeneration in a mouse model of prolonged cerebral hypoperfusion. Sci Rep, 2016, 6: 28646.
35. Fan L, Wang T L, Xu Y C, et al. Minocycline may be useful to prevent/treat postoperative cognitive decline in elderly patients. Med Hypotheses, 2011, 76(5): 733-736.
36. Jin Wenjie, Feng Shanwu, Feng Zhou, et al. Minocycline improves postoperative cognitive impairment in aged mice by inhibiting astrocytic activation. Neuroreport, 2014, 25(1): 1‐6.
37. Tian Yue, Guo Shanbin, Wu Xiuying, et al. Minocycline alleviates sevoflurane-induced cognitive impairment in aged rats. Cell Mol Neurobiol, 2015, 35(4): 585-594.
38. Haile M, Boutajangout A, Chung K, et al. The Cox-2 inhibitor meloxicam ameliorates neuroinflammation and depressive behavior in adult mice after splenectomy. J Neurophysiol Neurol Disord, 2016, 3: 101.
39. Zhu Y J, Peng K, Meng X W, et al. Attenuation of neuroinflammation by dexmedetomidine is associated with activation of a cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway in a rat tibial fracture model. Brain Res, 2016, 1644: 1‐8.
40. Deng F, Cai L, Zhou B, et al. Whole transcriptome sequencing reveals dexmedetomidine-improves postoperative cognitive dysfunction in rats via modulating lncRNA. 3 Biotech, 2020, 10(5): 202.
41. Sheets M F, Hanck D A. Molecular action of lidocaine on the voltage sensors of sodium channels. J Gen Physiol, 2003, 121: 163–175.
42. Yuan T, Li Z, Li X, et al. Lidocaine attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory responses in microglia. J Surg Res, 2014, 192(1): 150‐162.
43. Bell J D. In vogue: Ketamine for neuroprotection in acute neurologic injury. Anesth Analg, 2017, 124(4): 1237‐1243.
44. Cata J P, Abdelmalak B, Farag E. Neurological biomarkers in the perioperative period. Br J Anaesth, 2011, 107(6): 844-858.
45. GENG Yingjie, WU Qinghua, ZHANG Ruiqin. Effect of propofol, sevoflurane, and isoflurane on postoperative cognitive dysfunction following laparoscopic cholecystectomy in elderly patients: A randomized controlled trial. J Clin Anesth, 2017, 38: 165-171.
46. Li Hui, Yang Xue, Shi Wei, et al. Protective effects of nimodipine on cerebrovascular function in chronic alcoholic encephalopathy. Int J Mol Med, 2014, 33(1): 201-208.
47. Li Y N, Zhang Q, Yin C P, et al. Effects of nimodipine on postoperative delirium in elderly under general anesthesia: A prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trial. Medicine, 2017, 96(19): e6849.

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