Nasopharyngeal microecological characteristics in children with bronchial asthma_West China Medical Journal

Authors：

 WU Sheng , FU Shundan , QIN Yadan

Department of Pediatrics, Hainan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Haikou, Hainan 570203, P. R. China;

Corresponding author：

WU Sheng, Email: jiw7222@163.com

Keywords：

Children; bronchial asthma; nasopharynx; microecology; 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing; inflammation

DOI：

10.7507/1002-0179.202309171

Video：

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Objective To explore the relationship between nasopharyngeal microecology and diseases in children with bronchial asthma. Methods A total of 41 children with asthma who were treated in Hainan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine between November 2020 and March 2023 were retrospectively included in the study, and 26 healthy children undergoing adenoid examination in the same period were selected as the control group. Samples of nasal mucosa were collected from the anterior and medial side of inferior turbinate, and the expression of DEFB2, IL17A, TSLP, IL13, IL5 and T1R3 genes was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction. Nasal swabs were collected from the children, and the bacterial composition was analyzed by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing. Results Compared with the control group, the rate of atopy cases in the asthma group increased significantly (53.7% vs. 19.2%, P<0.05). At the phylum level, compared with the control group, the phylum Chloroflexi, the phylum Patescibacteria, the phylum Tenericutes and the phylum Nitrospirae in the asthma group increased significantly (P<0.05), and the phylum Elusimicrobia decreased significantly (P<0.05). At the genus level, compared with the control group, the members of Bacillus (Fimnicutes), Ruminococcus (Fimnicutes), Rhodococcus (Actinobacteria), Acinetobacter (Proteobacteria), Moraxella (Proteobacteria) and Asaia (Proteobacteria) in the asthma group increased significantly (P<0.05), and the members of Enterococcus (Fimnicutes), Alkanindiges (Proteobacteria), Rickettsia (Proteobacteria), and Rhizobium (Proteobacteria) in the asthma group decreased significantly (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the Shannon index of the asthma group decreased significantly (2.63±1.45 vs. 3.90±1.44; t=2.708, P=0.010). According to receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, the optimal cut-off point of Shannon index was 3.10. In all study populations, compared with children whose Shannon index was higher than the cut-off point, children whose Shannon index was lower than the cut-off point were characterized by increased expression of IL17A and T1R3 (P<0.05) and decreased expression of TSLP (P<0.05). Conclusion The composition and abundance of nasopharyngeal microbiota are significantly different between children with asthma and healthy control children.

Citation： WU Sheng, FU Shundan, QIN Yadan. Nasopharyngeal microecological characteristics in children with bronchial asthma. West China Medical Journal, 2024, 39(4): 561-566. doi: 10.7507/1002-0179.202309171 Copy

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2.	Aldriwesh MG, Al-Mutairi AM, Alharbi AS, et al. Paediatric asthma and the microbiome: a systematic review. Microorganisms, 2023, 11(4): 939.
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11.	Headland SE, Dengler HS, Xu D, et al. Oncostatin M expression induced by bacterial triggers drives airway inflammatory and mucus secretion in severe asthma. Sci Transl Med, 2022, 14(627): eabf8188.
12.	Troy NM, Strickland D, Serralha M, et al. Protection against severe infant lower respiratory tract infections by immune training: mechanistic studies. J Allergy Clin Immunol, 2022, 150(1): 93-103.
13.	Valverde-Molina J, García-Marcos L. Microbiome and asthma: microbial dysbiosis and the origins, phenotypes, persistence, and severity of asthma. Nutrients, 2023, 15(3): 486.
14.	Liu C, Makrinioti H, Saglani S, et al. Microbial dysbiosis and childhood asthma development: integrated role of the airway and gut microbiome, environmental exposures, and host metabolic and immune response. Front Immunol, 2022, 13: 1028209.
15.	García-Serna AM, Martín-Orozco E, Hernández-Caselles T, et al. Prenatal and perinatal environmental influences shaping the neonatal immune system: a focus on asthma and allergy origins. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2021, 18(8): 3962.
16.	Barcik W, Boutin RCT, Sokolowska M, et al. The role of lung and gut microbiota in the pathology of asthma. Immunity, 2020, 52(2): 241-255.
17.	Cobos-Uribe C, Rebuli ME. Understanding the functional role of the microbiome and metabolome in asthma. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep, 2023, 23(2): 67-76.
18.	Zhou Y, Jackson D, Bacharier LB, et al. The upper-airway microbiota and loss of asthma control among asthmatic children. Nat Commun, 2019, 10(1): 5714.
19.	Tamashiro R, Strange L, Schnackenberg K, et al. Stability of healthy subgingival microbiome across space and time. Sci Rep, 2021, 11(1): 23987.
20.	Baehren C, Buedding E, Bellm A, et al. The relevance of the bacterial microbiome, archaeome and mycobiome in pediatric asthma and respiratory disorders. Cells, 2022, 11(8): 1287.
21.	van Staa TP, Palin V, Li Y, et al. The effectiveness of frequent antibiotic use in reducing the risk of infection-related hospital admissions: results from two large population-based cohorts. BMC Med, 2020, 18(1): 40.
22.	Zhao H, Zhou J, Lu H, et al. Azithromycin pretreatment exacerbates atopic dermatitis in trimellitic anhydride-induced model mice accompanied by correlated changes in the gut microbiota and serum cytokines. Int Immunopharmacol, 2022, 102: 108388.
23.	Harmon CP, Deng D, Breslin PAS. Bitter taste receptors (T2Rs) are sentinels that coordinate metabolic and immunological defense responses. Curr Opin Physiol, 2021, 20: 70-76.

1. 叶畅畅, 吴亚菲. 口腔微生态失衡与妊娠期牙周病和不良妊娠结局的相关性研究进展. 中华口腔医学杂志, 2022, 57(6): 635-641.
2. Aldriwesh MG, Al-Mutairi AM, Alharbi AS, et al. Paediatric asthma and the microbiome: a systematic review. Microorganisms, 2023, 11(4): 939.
3. 于龙刚, 姜彦. 鼻细菌微生物组与慢性鼻窦炎伴鼻息肉相关性的研究进展. 山东大学耳鼻喉眼学报, 2022, 36(3): 92-97.
4. Donald K, Finlay BB. Early-life interactions between the microbiota and immune system: impact on immune system development and atopic disease. Nat Rev Immunol, 2023, 23(11): 735-748.
5. El Saie A, Fu C, Grimm SL, et al. Metabolome and microbiome multi-omics integration from a murine lung inflammation model of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Pediatr Res, 2022, 92(6): 1580-1589.
6. Reddel HK, Bacharier LB, Bateman ED, et al. Global Initiative for Asthma Strategy 2021: executive summary and rationale for key changes. Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 2022, 205(1): 17-35.
7. DeVries A, McCauley K, Fadrosh D, et al. Maternal prenatal immunity, neonatal trained immunity, and early airway microbiota shape childhood asthma development. Allergy, 2022, 77(12): 3617-3628.
8. Zhu Z, Camargo Jr CA, Raita Y, et al. Nasopharyngeal airway dual-transcriptome of infants with severe bronchiolitis and risk of childhood asthma: a multicenter prospective study. J Allergy Clin Immunol, 2022, 150(4): 806-816.
9. Losol P, Park HS, Song WJ, et al. Association of upper airway bacterial microbiota and asthma: systematic review. Asia Pac Allergy, 2022, 12(3): e32.
10. Bar K, Żebrowska P, Łaczmański Ł, et al. Airway bacterial biodiversity in exhaled breath condensates of asthmatic children-does it differ from the healthy ones?. J Clin Med, 2022, 11(22): 6774.
11. Headland SE, Dengler HS, Xu D, et al. Oncostatin M expression induced by bacterial triggers drives airway inflammatory and mucus secretion in severe asthma. Sci Transl Med, 2022, 14(627): eabf8188.
12. Troy NM, Strickland D, Serralha M, et al. Protection against severe infant lower respiratory tract infections by immune training: mechanistic studies. J Allergy Clin Immunol, 2022, 150(1): 93-103.
13. Valverde-Molina J, García-Marcos L. Microbiome and asthma: microbial dysbiosis and the origins, phenotypes, persistence, and severity of asthma. Nutrients, 2023, 15(3): 486.
14. Liu C, Makrinioti H, Saglani S, et al. Microbial dysbiosis and childhood asthma development: integrated role of the airway and gut microbiome, environmental exposures, and host metabolic and immune response. Front Immunol, 2022, 13: 1028209.
15. García-Serna AM, Martín-Orozco E, Hernández-Caselles T, et al. Prenatal and perinatal environmental influences shaping the neonatal immune system: a focus on asthma and allergy origins. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2021, 18(8): 3962.
16. Barcik W, Boutin RCT, Sokolowska M, et al. The role of lung and gut microbiota in the pathology of asthma. Immunity, 2020, 52(2): 241-255.
17. Cobos-Uribe C, Rebuli ME. Understanding the functional role of the microbiome and metabolome in asthma. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep, 2023, 23(2): 67-76.
18. Zhou Y, Jackson D, Bacharier LB, et al. The upper-airway microbiota and loss of asthma control among asthmatic children. Nat Commun, 2019, 10(1): 5714.
19. Tamashiro R, Strange L, Schnackenberg K, et al. Stability of healthy subgingival microbiome across space and time. Sci Rep, 2021, 11(1): 23987.
20. Baehren C, Buedding E, Bellm A, et al. The relevance of the bacterial microbiome, archaeome and mycobiome in pediatric asthma and respiratory disorders. Cells, 2022, 11(8): 1287.
21. van Staa TP, Palin V, Li Y, et al. The effectiveness of frequent antibiotic use in reducing the risk of infection-related hospital admissions: results from two large population-based cohorts. BMC Med, 2020, 18(1): 40.
22. Zhao H, Zhou J, Lu H, et al. Azithromycin pretreatment exacerbates atopic dermatitis in trimellitic anhydride-induced model mice accompanied by correlated changes in the gut microbiota and serum cytokines. Int Immunopharmacol, 2022, 102: 108388.
23. Harmon CP, Deng D, Breslin PAS. Bitter taste receptors (T2Rs) are sentinels that coordinate metabolic and immunological defense responses. Curr Opin Physiol, 2021, 20: 70-76.

West China Medical Journal

Nasopharyngeal microecological characteristics in children with bronchial asthma

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