Accurate collection and preservation of vitreous and retina-related tissue specimens is the basis for clinical diagnosis and rigorous basic research. The clinical uses of vitreous specimens include microbial culture, cytological detection, detection of degenerative diseases, PCR analysis, and cytological detection of cell morphology. The experimental research uses include DNA gene analysis, protein quantitative analysis, metabolite examination, RNA content quantitative analysis, cytokine determination and so on. Retinal specimens collecting was mainly used for PCR analysis of retinal proliferative membrane, immunohistochemical staining, immunofluorescence examination, microvascular density evaluation, cell isolation and culture, etc. Understanding the collection of vitreoretinal surgical specimens and the application of relevant detection techniques and materials can provide a more comprehensive idea for the diagnosis of vitreoretinal diseases and a broader reference for the related basic research.
ObjectiveTo explore the diagnostic value of HLA-B27 for ankylosing spondylitis (AS) in Chinese population. MethodsWe searched PubMed, EMbase, The Cochrane Library (Issue 8, 2015), CNKI, and WanFang data from inception to August 2015, to collect diagnostic studies about HLA-B27 for AS in Chinese population. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data, and assessed the methodological quality of included studies. Then meta-analysis was performed by using Stata12.0 software. ResultsA total of 16 studies involving 3137 AS and 5617 suspect patients were finally included. The results of meta-analysis showed that the pooled Sen, Spe, +LR, -LR and DOR were 0.91(95%CI 0.89 to 0.93), 0.94(95%CI 0.91 to 0.96), 14.90(95%CI 9.60 to 23.10), 0.09(95%CI 0.08 to 0.12) and 157.00(95%CI 90.00 to 275.00), respectively. The AUC of SROC was 0.98(95%CI 0.93 to 0.97). ConclusionsHLA-B27 detection is of great diagnostic value for AS in Chinese population. However, due to the limited quality and quantity of the included studies, more long-term follow-up prospective studies are needed to verify the above conclusion.
ObjectiveTo observe the changes in refractive status of eyes with idiopathic macular hole (IMH) after vitrectomy and phacoemulsification and IOL implantation (combined surgery).MethodsA retrospective clinical study. From January 2016 to June 2019, 51patients (56 eyes) of IMH who underwent combined surgery at the Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital. were included in the study. Among them, there were 17 males and 34 females with the average age of 66.79±4.33 years. All the affected eyes underwent BCVA, retinoscopy and axial length (AL) measurement. The IOL power was calculated according to the SRK-T formula and the refractive power (predicted value) was predicted. The average BCVA of the affected eye was 0.20±0.13. The average anterior chamber depth was 2.89±0.28 mm. The average △corneal astigmatism was 0.73±0.43 D, the average AL was 22.92±0.70 mm, the average predicted refractive power was 0.10±0.66 D. All the affected eyes underwent standard transciliary flat part three-channel 25G combined surgery. Six months after the operation, the actual value (actual value) of the diopter after the operation was measured with the same equipment and method before the operation. Paired t test was used to compare the difference between the predicted value and the actual value.ResultsSix months after the operation, the actual value of the refractive power was -0.19±0.64 D. Compared with the pre-operative refractive power, the difference was not statistically significant (t=1.665, P=0.102). The difference between the actual value and the predicted value was －0.33±0.81 D.ConclusionsThe refractive status of the IMH eye undergoes myopia drift after combined surgery. The preoperative IOL power budget can be appropriately reserved for +0.3 D hyperopia.
ObjectiveTo describe the cancer incidence and mortality in Henan cancer registries in 2014.MethodsRegistration data (including incidence, mortality and population data) were evaluated according to the criteria of quality control of cancer registry. The incidence, mortality, and cumulative rate (0 to 74 years old) were calculated and stratified by area (urban/rural), gender, and age. Chinese Population Census in 2000 and Segi’s Population were used for age-standardized incidence and mortality rates.ResultsThe total covered population of the 27 cancer registries in 2014 was 21 044 835, accounting for 19.73% of Henan's total population at the end of 2014. The crude incidence rate in Henan cancer registration areas was 252.79/100 000 (males 273.55/100 000, females 230.70/100 000). Age-standardized incidence rates by Chinese standard population and by world standard population were 205.27/100 000 and 203.78/100 000 with the cumulative incidence rate (0 to 74 years old) of 24.17%. The cancer mortality in Henan was 156.58/100 000 (188.10/100 000 in males and 123.02/100 000 in females). The age-standardized incidence rates by Chinese standard population and by world standard population were 123.94/100 000 and 123.80/100 000, and the cumulative incidence rate (0 to 74 years old) was 14.30%. Lung cancer, gastric cancer, esophageal cancer, liver cancer, breast cancer, colorectal cancer, cervical cancer, encephala, leukemia and thyroid cancer were the most common cancers, accounting for approximately 83% of all cancer cases in urban and rural areas. Lung cancer, gastric cancer, esophageal cancer, liver cancer, colorectal cancer, breast cancer, encephala, leukemia, pancreatic cancer and cervical cancer accounted for approximately 88% of all cancer deaths.ConclusionsThe age-standardized incidence and mortality in Henan are above the national level. The common cancers in Henan are lung cancer, female breast cancer and digestive system cancers. The strategy of cancer prevention and control in Henan should be implemented depending on pratical situations.
ObjectiveTo observe the changes of follistatin-like protein 1 (FSTL1) in serum of patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR).MethodsTwenty PDR patients confirmed by clinical examination and 20 normal people were included in the study. Human retinal vascular endothelial cells (HRCEC) were divided into HRCEC blank control group, 3 h hypoxia group, 6 h hypoxia group. Human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) were divided into HUVEC blank control group, 3h hypoxia group, 6h hypoxia group. Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-PCR) and ELISA were used to determine the expression of FSTL1, TGF-β, VEGF, connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) mRNA and protein in peripheral blood and cells of all groups from all subjects.ResultsThe expressions of FSTL1, TGF-β1, CTGF, VEGF mRNA in blood samples of patients with PDR were 1.79±0.58, 0.97±0.21, 1.85±0.69 and 1.38±0.44. The expressions of FSTL1, TGF-β1 protein were 1.19±0.50, 0.71±0.24 ng/ml and 734.03±116.45, 649.36±44.23 ng/L. Compared with normal people, the differences were statistically significant (tmRNA=0.90, 0.21, 2.85, 1.77; P=0.00, 0.00, 0.04, 0.02. tprotein=1.88, 7.68; P=0.00, 0.02). The cell viability of HRCEC cells in the 3 h hypoxia group and the 6 h hypoxia group were 0.66±0.05 and 0.64±0.04, respectively. Compared with the blank control group, the difference was statistically significant (F=13.02, P=0.00). The cell viability of HUVEC cells in the 3 h hypoxia group and the 6 h hypoxia group were 0.63±0.06 and 0.68±0.06, respectively. Compared with the blank control group, the difference was statistically significant (F=26.52, P=0.00). Comparison of FSTL1, TGF-β1, CTGF, and VEGF mRNA expression in HRCEC blank control group and 3 h hypoxia group, the differences were statistically significant (F=14.75, 44.93, 85.54, 6.23; P=0.01, 0.00, 0.00, 0.03). Compared with the HRCEC blank control and 3 h hypoxia group, the expressions of FSTL1 and TGF-β1 protein were statistically significant (P＜0.05). There was a statistically significant difference in TGF-β1 protein expression in the hypoxic 6 h group (P=0.03) and no significant difference in FSTL1 protein expression (P=0.68). Comparison of FSTL1, TGF-β1, CTGF, and VEGF mRNA expression in HUVEC blank control group and 3h hypoxia group, the differences were statistically significant (F=19.08, 25.12, 22.89, 13.07; P=0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.01). Immunofluorescence staining results showed that FSTL1, TGF-β1, CTGF, and VEGF proteins were positively expressed in cells in the 3h hypoxia and 6h hypoxia groups.ConclusionThe expression of FSTL1 gene and protein in serum of PDR patients was significantly higher than that of normal people.