Quantitative analysis of retinal venous tortuosity in neonatal and premature infants_Chinese Journal of Ocular Fundus Diseases

Authors：

WuMengai , ChenFeng , HuangShenghai , 毛剑波 ,  沈丽君

Hospital of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China;

Corresponding author：

沈丽君, Email: slj@mail.eye.ac.cn

Keywords：

Retinal vein/pathology; Neonatal screening; Infant, premature

DOI：

10.3760/cma.j.issn.1005-1015.2015.05.008

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Objective To measure and analyze the tortuosity of retinal veins in neonatal and premature infants quantitatively. Methods A retrospective clinical study. The fundus images of the left eyes were selected from 30 healthy neonates and 30 premature infants without retinopathy of prematurity underwent RetCam screening. There were 16 premature infants with a history of oxygen inspiration. The tortuosity of superior temporal veins, inferior temporal veins, superior nasal veins, inferior nasal veins was measured separately using a self-developed computer program. Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between tortuosity of retinal veins and birth weight, gestational age and correct gestational age. Results In full-term neonatal infants, the vascular tortuosity of the nasal veins was significantly higher than the temporal veins (t=5.73, P < 0.01), while the superior veins and inferior veins showed no significant difference (t=0.39, P > 0.05). There was no correlation between vascular tortuosity of temporal (r=0.179, -0.175) or nasal veins (r=0.055, 0.345) with birth weight or gestational age (P > 0.05). In premature infants, the vascular tortuosity of the nasal veins was also significantly higher than the temporal veins (t=5.00, P < 0.01), no significant difference was found between the superior veins and inferior veins (t=0.39, P > 0.05). The vascular tortuosity of temporal veins of premature infants was negatively correlated with birth weight (r=-0.375, P < 0.05); however, no significant correlation was found with gestational age (r=-0.296, P > 0.05). The vascular tortuosity of the temporal retinal veins of premature infants with a history of oxygen inspiration was significantly higher than premature infants without a history of oxygen inspiration (t=2.517, P < 0.05), though no significant difference was found between the nasal veins (t=-0.261, P > 0.05). The vascular tortuosity of the temporal and nasal retinal veins of premature infants was both higher than neonate, but was not statistically significant (t=0.88, 1.50; P > 0.05). Conclusions The vascular tortuosity of the temporal veins was greater than the nasal veins in both full-term and premature infants, though no significant difference was found between superior and inferior veins. The vascular tortuosity of temporal veins of premature infants increased as birth weight decreased. The vascular tortuosity of the temporal retinal veins of premature infants with a history of oxygen inspiration was higher than premature infants without a history of oxygen inspiration.

Citation： WuMengai, ChenFeng, HuangShenghai. Quantitative analysis of retinal venous tortuosity in neonatal and premature infants. Chinese Journal of Ocular Fundus Diseases, 2015, 31(5): 443-446. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1005-1015.2015.05.008 Copy

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2.	Chiang MF, Jiang L, Gelman R, et al. Interexpert agreement of plus disease diagnosis in retinopathy of prematurity[J]. Arch Ophthalmol, 2007, 125(7):875-880.
3.	Wu KY, Wallace DK, Freedman SF. Predicting the need for laser treatment in retinopathy of prematurity using computer-assisted quantitative vascular analysis[J]. J AAPOS, 2014, 18(2):114-119.
4.	Hart WE, Goldbaum M, Côté B, et al.Measurement and classification of retinal vascular tortuosity[J].Int J Med Inform, 1999, 53(2-3):239-252.
5.	Thyparampil PJ, Park Y, Martinez-Perez ME, et al. Plus disease in retinopathy of prematurity: quantitative analysis of vascular change[J].Am J Ophthalmol, 2010, 150(4):468-475.
6.	Chiang MF, Gelman R, Martinez-Perez ME, et al. Image analysis for retinopathy of prematurity diagnosis[J]. J AAPOS, 2009, 13(5):438-445.
7.	Johnston SC, Wallace DK, Freedman SF, et al. Tortuosity of arterioles and venules in quantifying plus disease[J]. J AAPOS, 2009, 13(2):181-185.
8.	Kwon JY, Ghodasra DH, Karp KA, et al. Retinal vessel changes after laser treatment for retinopathy of prematurity[J]. J AAPOS, 2012, 16(4):350-353.
9.	Han H. Nonlinear buckling of blood vessels:a theoretical study[J].J Biomech, 2008, 41(12):2708-2713.
10.	Liu Q, Han H. Mechanical buckling of artery under pulsatile pressure[J]. J Biomech, 2012, 45(7):1192-1198.
11.	Kylstra JA, Wierzbicki T, Wolbarsht ML, et al. The relationship between retinal vessel tortuosity, diameter, and transmural pressure[J]. Graefe's Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol, 1986, 224(5):477-480.
12.	Hartnett ME, Lane RH. Effects of oxygen on the development and severity of retinopathy of prematurity[J]. J AAPOS, 2013, 17(3):229-234.
13.	Roth AM. Retinal vascular development in premature infants[J]. Am J Ophthalmol, 1977, 84(5):636-640.

1. Wallace DK, Quinn GE, Freedman SF, et al. Agreement among pediatric ophthalmologists in diagnosing plus and pre-plus disease in retinopathy of prematurity[J]. J AAPOS, 2008, 12(4):352-356.
2. Chiang MF, Jiang L, Gelman R, et al. Interexpert agreement of plus disease diagnosis in retinopathy of prematurity[J]. Arch Ophthalmol, 2007, 125(7):875-880.
3. Wu KY, Wallace DK, Freedman SF. Predicting the need for laser treatment in retinopathy of prematurity using computer-assisted quantitative vascular analysis[J]. J AAPOS, 2014, 18(2):114-119.
4. Hart WE, Goldbaum M, Côté B, et al.Measurement and classification of retinal vascular tortuosity[J].Int J Med Inform, 1999, 53(2-3):239-252.
5. Thyparampil PJ, Park Y, Martinez-Perez ME, et al. Plus disease in retinopathy of prematurity: quantitative analysis of vascular change[J].Am J Ophthalmol, 2010, 150(4):468-475.
6. Chiang MF, Gelman R, Martinez-Perez ME, et al. Image analysis for retinopathy of prematurity diagnosis[J]. J AAPOS, 2009, 13(5):438-445.
7. Johnston SC, Wallace DK, Freedman SF, et al. Tortuosity of arterioles and venules in quantifying plus disease[J]. J AAPOS, 2009, 13(2):181-185.
8. Kwon JY, Ghodasra DH, Karp KA, et al. Retinal vessel changes after laser treatment for retinopathy of prematurity[J]. J AAPOS, 2012, 16(4):350-353.
9. Han H. Nonlinear buckling of blood vessels:a theoretical study[J].J Biomech, 2008, 41(12):2708-2713.
10. Liu Q, Han H. Mechanical buckling of artery under pulsatile pressure[J]. J Biomech, 2012, 45(7):1192-1198.
11. Kylstra JA, Wierzbicki T, Wolbarsht ML, et al. The relationship between retinal vessel tortuosity, diameter, and transmural pressure[J]. Graefe's Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol, 1986, 224(5):477-480.
12. Hartnett ME, Lane RH. Effects of oxygen on the development and severity of retinopathy of prematurity[J]. J AAPOS, 2013, 17(3):229-234.
13. Roth AM. Retinal vascular development in premature infants[J]. Am J Ophthalmol, 1977, 84(5):636-640.

Chinese Journal of Ocular Fundus Diseases

Quantitative analysis of retinal venous tortuosity in neonatal and premature infants

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