Review of prognostic factors of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy on choroidal neovascularization secondary to pathological myopia_Chinese Journal of Ocular Fundus Diseases

Authors：

Tao Mengzhang , Wang Yusheng ,  Wang Haiyan

Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute of Chinese PLA, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China;

Corresponding author：

Wang Haiyan, Email: whyeye@126.com

Keywords：

Myopia, degenerative/complications; Choroidal neovascularization/drug therapy; Angiogenesis inhibitors/therapeutic applications; Antibodies, monoclonal/therapeutic applications; Review

DOI：

10.3760/cma.j.issn.1005-1015.2019.05.021

Video：

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Abstract Full text Figures/Tables Video References Cited by

For choroidal neovascularization (CNV) secondary to pathological myopia, intravitreal injection of anti-VEGF has been widely used in clinic and achieved good outcome. However, due to the differences in the demographic characteristics, stages of disease progression and treatment procedure of CNV, the prognosis of the disease is variable. Complete ellipsoid band, smaller baseline choroidal neovascularization and better baseline vision are important predictors of good outcome of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor treatment. Chorioretinal atrophy or complications related to pathologic myopia indicate a poor prognosis. The influence of age, race, previous photodynamic therapy and early treatment on the prognosis of treatment need to be further studied.

Citation： Tao Mengzhang, Wang Yusheng, Wang Haiyan. Review of prognostic factors of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy on choroidal neovascularization secondary to pathological myopia. Chinese Journal of Ocular Fundus Diseases, 2019, 35(5): 513-517. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1005-1015.2019.05.021 Copy

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6.	Lai TYY, Staurenghi G, Lanzetta P, et al. Efficacy and safety of ranibizumab for the treatment of choroidal neovascularization due to uncommon cause: twelve-month results of the Minerva Study[J]. Retina, 2018, 38(8): 1464-1477. DOI: 10.1097/IAE.0000000000001744.
7.	Jing J, Yinchen S, Xia C, et al. Pharmacogenomic study on anti-VEGF medicine in treatment of macular neovascular diseases: a study protocol for a prospective observational study[J]. BMC Ophthalmol, 2018, 18(1): 181. DOI: 10.1186/s12886-018-0812-4.
8.	占宗议, 李梓敬, 丁小燕. 病理性近视继发脉络膜新生血管诊疗现状与进展[J]. 中华眼底病杂志, 2016, 32(1): 104-107. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1005-1015.2016.01.029.Zhan ZY, Li ZJ, Ding XY. Choroidal neovascularization secondary to pathologic myopia: a recent update on diagnosis and treatment[J]. Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 2016, 32(1): 104-107. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1005-1015.2016.01.029.
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12.	Parravano M, Scarinci F, Gilardi M, et al. Patchy chorioretinal atrophy changes at the posterior pole after ranibizumab for myopic choroidal neovascularization[J]. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2017, 58(14): 6358-6364. DOI: 10.1167/iovs.17-22633.
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19.	Altunel O, Duru N, Goktas A, et al. Evaluation of foveal photoreceptor layer in eyes with macular edema associated with branch retinal vein occlusion after ozurdex treatment[J]. Int Ophthalmol, 2017, 37(2): 333-339. DOI: 10.1007/s10792-016-0261-0.
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28.	Iacono P, Battaglia Parodi M, Iuliano L, et al. How vitreomacular interface modifies the efficacy of anti-VEGF therapy for myopic choroidal neovascularization[J]. Retina, 2018, 38(1): 84-90. DOI: 10.1097/IAE.0000000000001500.
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1. Wong TY, Ferreira A, Hughes R, et al. Epidemiology and disease burden of pathologic myopia and myopic choroidal neovascularization: an evidence-based systematic review[J]. Am J Ophthalmol, 2014, 157(1): 9-25. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2013.08.010.
2. 中华医学会眼科学分会眼视光学组. 重视高度近视防控的专家共识(2017)[J]. 中华眼视光学与视觉科学杂志, 2017, 19(7): 385-389. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1674-845X.2017.07.001.Chinese Optometric Association, Chinese Ophthalmological Society. Consensus: prevention and control of high myopia[J]. Chin J Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2017, 19(7): 385-389. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1674-845X.2017.07.001.
3. Wolf S, Balciuniene VJ, Laganovska G, et al. RADIANCE: a randomized controlled study of ranibizumab in patients with choroidal neovascularization secondary to pathologic myopia[J]. Ophthalmology, 2014, 121(3): 682-692. DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2013.10.023.
4. Weber ML, Heier JS. Choroidal neovascularization secondary to myopia, infection and inflammation[J]. Dev Ophthalmol, 2016, 55(1): 167-175. DOI: 10.1159/000431194.
5. Smith AG, Kaiser PK. Therapeutic monoclonal antibodies and fragments: ranibizumab[J]. Dev Ophthalmol, 2016, 55: 246-251. DOI: 10.1159/000431200.
6. Lai TYY, Staurenghi G, Lanzetta P, et al. Efficacy and safety of ranibizumab for the treatment of choroidal neovascularization due to uncommon cause: twelve-month results of the Minerva Study[J]. Retina, 2018, 38(8): 1464-1477. DOI: 10.1097/IAE.0000000000001744.
7. Jing J, Yinchen S, Xia C, et al. Pharmacogenomic study on anti-VEGF medicine in treatment of macular neovascular diseases: a study protocol for a prospective observational study[J]. BMC Ophthalmol, 2018, 18(1): 181. DOI: 10.1186/s12886-018-0812-4.
8. 占宗议, 李梓敬, 丁小燕. 病理性近视继发脉络膜新生血管诊疗现状与进展[J]. 中华眼底病杂志, 2016, 32(1): 104-107. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1005-1015.2016.01.029.Zhan ZY, Li ZJ, Ding XY. Choroidal neovascularization secondary to pathologic myopia: a recent update on diagnosis and treatment[J]. Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 2016, 32(1): 104-107. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1005-1015.2016.01.029.
9. Zhu Y, Zhang T, Xu G, et al. Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor for choroidal neovascularisation in people with pathological myopia[M/CD]. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2016, 12(1): CD011160. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD011160.pub2.
10. Ohno-Matsui K, Kawasaki R, Jonas JB, et al. International photographic classification and grading system for myopic maculopathy[J]. Am J Ophthalmol, 2015, 159(5): 877-883. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2015.01.022.
11. Wong TY, Ohno-Matsui K, Leveziel N, et al. Myopic choroidal neovascularisation: current concepts and update on clinical management[J]. Br J Ophthalmol, 2015, 99(3): 289-296. DOI: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2014-305131.
12. Parravano M, Scarinci F, Gilardi M, et al. Patchy chorioretinal atrophy changes at the posterior pole after ranibizumab for myopic choroidal neovascularization[J]. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2017, 58(14): 6358-6364. DOI: 10.1167/iovs.17-22633.
13. Ng DSC, Lai TYY, Cheung CMG, et al. Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy for myopic choroidal neovascularization[J]. Asia Pac J Ophthalmol (Phila), 2017, 6(6): 554-560. DOI: 10.22608/APO.2017308.
14. Parravano M, Ricci F, Oddone F, et al. Long-term functional and morphologic retinal changes after ranibizumab and photodynamic therapy in myopic choroidal neovascularization[J]. Retina, 2014, 34(10): 2053-2062. DOI: 10.1097/IAE.0000000000000201.
15. Pakzad-Vaezi K, Mehta H, Mammo Z, et al. Vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitor use and treatment approach for choroidal neovascularization secondary to pathologic myopia[J]. Expert Opin Biol Ther, 2016, 16(7): 873-881. DOI: 10.1517/14712598.2016.1167868.
16. Rishi P, Rishi E, Bhende M, et al. Comparison of photodynamic therapy, ranibizumab/bevacizumab or combination in the treatment of myopic choroidal neovascularisation: a 9-year-study from a single centre[J]. Br J Ophthalmol, 2016, 100(10): 1337-1340. DOI: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2015-307802.
17. Iacono P, Battaglia Parodi M, Selvi F, et al. Factors influencing visual acuity in patients receiving anti-vascular endothelial growth factor for myopic choroidal neovascularization[J]. Retina, 2017, 37(10): 1931-1941. DOI: 10.1097/IAE.0000000000001436.
18. Mathew R, Richardson M, Sivaprasad S. Predictive value of spectral-domain optical coherence tomography features in assessment of visual prognosis in eyes with neovascular age-related macular degeneration treated with ranibizumab[J]. Am J Ophthalmol, 2013, 155(4): 720-726. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2012.11.003.
19. Altunel O, Duru N, Goktas A, et al. Evaluation of foveal photoreceptor layer in eyes with macular edema associated with branch retinal vein occlusion after ozurdex treatment[J]. Int Ophthalmol, 2017, 37(2): 333-339. DOI: 10.1007/s10792-016-0261-0.
20. Muftuoglu IK, Mendoza N, Gaber R, et al. Integrity of outer retinal layers after resolution of central involved diabetic macular edema[J]. Retina, 2017, 37(11): 2015-2024. DOI: 10.1097/IAE.0000000000001459.
21. Lee EK, Heo JW, Yu HG, et al. Recovery of foveal photoreceptor integrity after vitrectomy in eyes with an impending macular hole with vitreomacular traction syndrome,[J]. Retina, 2016, 36(8): 1454-1462. DOI: 10.1097/IAE.0000000000000934.
22. Milani P, Pellegrini M, Massacesi A, et al. Is ellipsoid zone integrity essential for visual recovery in myopic neovascularization after anti-VEGF therapy?[J]. Graefe's Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol, 2017, 255(9): 1713-1720. DOI: 10.1007/s00417-017-3706-x.
23. Introini U, Casalino G, Querques G, et al. Spectral-domain OCT in anti-VEGF treatment of myopic choroidal neovascularization[J]. Eye (Lond), 2012, 26(7): 976-982. DOI: 10.1038/eye.2012.75.
24. Bruyere E, Caillaux V, Cohen SY, et al. Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography of subretinal hyperreflective exudation in myopic choroidal neovascularization[J]. Am J Ophthalmol, 2015, 160(4): 749-758. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2015.07.004.
25. Pece A, Milani P. Intravitreal aflibercept for myopic choroidal neovascularization[J]. Graefe's Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol, 2016, 254(12): 2327-2332. DOI: 10.1007/s00417-016-3396-9.
26. Nakanishi H, Tsujikawa A, Yodoi Y, et al. Prognostic factors for visual outcomes 2-years after intravitreal bevacizumab for myopic choroidal neovascularization[J]. Eye (Lond), 2011, 25(3): 375-381. DOI: 10.1038/eye.2010.226.
27. Moon BG, Cho AR, Lee J, et al. Improved visual outcome and low recurrence with early treatment with intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor in myopic choroidal neovascularization[J]. Ophthalmologica, 2017, 237(3): 128-138. DOI: 10.1159/000458160.
28. Iacono P, Battaglia Parodi M, Iuliano L, et al. How vitreomacular interface modifies the efficacy of anti-VEGF therapy for myopic choroidal neovascularization[J]. Retina, 2018, 38(1): 84-90. DOI: 10.1097/IAE.0000000000001500.
29. Ceklic L, Munk MR, Wolf-Schnurrbusch U, et al. Visual acuity outcomes of ranibizumab treatment in pathologic myopic eyes with macular retinoschisis and choroidal neovascularization[J]. Retina, 2017, 37(4): 687-693. DOI: 10.1097/IAE.0000000000001236.
30. Huang J, Chen T, Lu Y, et al. Retinoschisis and intravitreal ranibizumab treatment for myopic choroidal neovascularization[J]. Chin Med J (Engl), 2014, 127(11): 2053-2057.
31. 刘李平, 宋徽, 冀垒兵. 玻璃体内注射雷珠单抗治疗病理性近视黄斑部脉络膜新生血管[J]. 眼科新进展, 2016, 36(7): 667-670. DOI: 10.13389/j.cnki.rao.2016.0177.Liu LP, Song H, Ji LB, et al. Intravitreal ranibizumab injections for pathologic myopia macular choroidal neovascularization[J]. Rec Adv Ophthalmol, 2016, 36(7): 667-670. DOI: 10.13389/j.cnki.rao.2016.0177.
32. Holz FG, Tufail A, Leveziel N, et al. Ranibizumab in myopic choroidal neovascularization: a subgroup analysis by ethnicity, age, and ocular characteristics in Radiance[J]. Ophthalmologica, 2016, 236(1): 19-28. DOI: 10.1159/000446027.
33. Vadalà M, Pece A, Cipolla S, et al. Is ranibizumab effective in stopping the loss of vision for choroidal neovascularisation in pathologic myopia? A long-term follow-up study[J]. Br J Ophthalmol, 2011, 95(5): 657-661. DOI: 10.1136/bjo.2009.174243.
34. Miyake M, Yamashiro K, Akagi-Kurashige Y, et al. Vascular endothelial growth factor gene and the response to anti-vascular endothelial growth factor treatment for choroidal neovascularization in high myopia[J]. Ophthalmology, 2014, 121(1): 225-233. DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2013.06.043.
35. Ruiz-Moreno JM, López-Gálvez MI, Donate J, et al. Myopic choroidal neovascularization[J]. Ophthalmology, 2011, 118(12): 2521-2523. DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2011.07.029.
36. Kung YH, Wu TT, Huang YH. One-year outcome of two different initial dosing regimens of intravitreal ranibizumab for myopic choroidal neovascularization[J]. Acta Ophthalmol, 2014, 92(8): 615-620. DOI: 10.1111/aos.12457.
37. 焦明菲, 李筱荣. 康柏西普玻璃体腔注射治疗高度近视脉络膜新生血管的临床疗效及安全性分析[J]. 中华实验眼科杂志, 2016, 34(8): 725-728. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.2095-0160.2016.08.013.Jiao MF, Li XR. Clinical safety and efficacy of conbercept intravitreal injection on high myopic choroidal neovascularization[J]. Chin J Exp Ophthalmol, 2016, 34(8): 725-728. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.2095-0160.2016.08.013.
38. 曾苗, 宋艳萍, 丁琴. 玻璃体腔注射康柏西普治疗病理性近视脉络膜新生血管疗效观察[J]. 中华眼底病杂志, 2016, 32(1): 17-21. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1005-1015.2016.01.005.Zeng M, Song YP, Ding Q. Intravitreal conbercept for treatment of choroidal neovascularization secondary to pathologic myopia[J]. Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 2016, 32(1): 17-21. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1005-1015.2016.01.005.
39. Yan M, Huang Z, Lian HY, et al. Conbercept for treatment of choroidal neovascularization secondary to pathologic myopia[J]. Acta Ophthalmol, 2019, 97(5): 813-814. DOI: 10.1111/aos.13632.
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