Changes of Intestinal Mucosal Barrier and Intestinal Flora in Rats with Severe Acute Pancreatitis_Journal of Biomedical Engineering

Authors：

LIYan ¹ , WUHao ² , DENGYiyun ² , LIAORuyi ¹ , XILili ¹ ,  YAOPing ¹

1. Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, China;
2. Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China;

Corresponding author：

YAOPing, Email: pingyaozh@sina.com

Keywords：

severe acute pancreatitis; intestinal mucosal barrier; intestinal microecology; real-time polymerase chain reaction

DOI：

10.7507/1001-5515.20150074

Video：

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This paper is to explore changes of intestinal mucosal barrier, intestinal flora, and bacterial translocation in rats with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). Twenty four male SD rats were randomly divided into the control group (n=10) and the experimental group (n=14). The model of severe acute pancreatitis of rats was induced by the method of injecting adversely 5% sodium taurocholate into the common biliary-pancreatic duct. All of the rats were killed after 24 hours and the level of the serum amylase and the plasma endotoxin was determined after that. The pathological changes of pancreas and small intestine were observed through hematoxylin-eosin staining (HE staining) and the abdominal viscera bacterial translocation rates were tested. With the method of real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) the quantity of the intestinal flora was analyzed. In the control group, the level of Escherichia coli, Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium were 2.08±1.29, 11.04±7.55 and 12.21±4.95, respectively. On the contrast, the level of Escherichia coli in the cecum contents was much higher (9.72±3.58, P < 0.01), while the Lactobacillus number was decreased significantly (0.67±0.34, P < 0.01), and the Bifidobacterium number was also decreased (4.59±3.42, P < 0.05) in the experimental group, so the ratio of Bifidobacterium/Escherichia coli was reversed. Besides, in the experimental group, the plasma endotoxin positive rates and the bacterial translocation rates were much higher (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05) and the pathology scores of pancreas and small intestines were also significantly higher (P < 0.01) than those in the control group. These results indicated that in severe acute pancreatitis rats, the intestinal mucosal barrier was severely damaged and the dysbacteriosis occurs in the intestinal canal. And these might relate to the occurrence and development of multiple organ infection.

Citation： LIYan, WUHao, DENGYiyun, LIAORuyi, XILili, YAOPing. Changes of Intestinal Mucosal Barrier and Intestinal Flora in Rats with Severe Acute Pancreatitis. Journal of Biomedical Engineering, 2015, 32(2): 412-417. doi: 10.7507/1001-5515.20150074 Copy

1.	LIU Zhonghui, PENG Junsheng, LI Chujun, et al. A simple taurocholate-induced model of severe acute pancreatitis in rats[J]. World J Gastroenterol, 2009, 15(45):5732-5739.
2.	BJORNSON H S. Pancreatic "abscess":diagnosis and management[J]. Pancreas, 1991, 6(Suppl 1):S31-S36.
3.	FREY C F, BRADLEY E L 3rd, BEGER H G. Progress in acute pancreatitis[J]. Surg Gynecol Obstet, 1988, 167(4):282-286.
4.	RUNKEL N F, MOODY F G, SMITH G S, et al. The role of the gut in the development of sepsis in acute pancreatitis[J]. J Surg Res, 1991, 51(1):18-23.
5.	KAZANTSEV G B, HECHT D W, RAO R, et al. Plasmid labeling confirms bacterial translocation in pancreatitis[J]. Am J Surg, 1994, 167(1):201-206; discussion 206-207.
6.	郝建志, 方驰华, 范应方, 等.一种效果确切的大鼠重症急性胰腺炎模型[J].中国组织工程研究与临床康复, 2011, 15(28):5193-5196.
7.	何志宇, 陈光远.重症急性胰腺炎与胃肠动力障碍的研究进展[J].世界华人消化杂志, 2008, 16(12):1317-1322.
8.	BESSELINK M G, VAN SANTVOORT H C, RENOOIJ W, et al. Intestinal barrier dysfunction in a randomized trial of a specific probiotic composition in acute pancreatitis[J]. Ann Surg, 2009, 250(5):712-719.
9.	SCHMIDT J, RATTNER D W, LEWANDROWSKI K, et al. A better model of acute pancreatitis for evaluating therapy[J]. Ann Surg, 1992, 215(1):44-56.
10.	SCHMIDT J, LEWANDROWSI K, WARSHAW A L, et al. Morphometric characteristics and homogeneity of a new model of acute pancreatitis in the rat[J]. Int J Pancreatol, 1992, 12(1):41-51.
11.	田华, 张喜平, 陈力, 等.重症急性胰腺炎大鼠模型制备的技术改良[J].中华急诊医学杂志, 2005, 14(3):211-214.
12.	CHIU C J, MCARDLE A H, BROWN R, et al. Intestinal mucosal lesion in low-flow states.Ⅰ. A morphological, hemodynamic, and metabolic reappraisal[J]. Arch Surg, 1970, 101(4):478-483.
13.	杨荣, 嵇武, 李国逊, 等.粪便中肠源性防御素-5含量变化对腹腔感染大鼠肠黏膜屏障功能监测的意义[J].中国现代医学杂志, 2011, 21(11):1292-1296.
14.	宋关茹, 姚萍.应用实时荧光定量PCR定量检测溃疡性结肠炎肠道大肠埃希菌、乳酸杆菌及双歧杆菌属的变化[J].中国微生态学杂志, 2012, 24(3):239-243.
15.	RINTTILÄ T, KASSINEN A, MALINEN E, et al. Development of an extensive set of 16S rDNA-targeted primers for quantification of pathogenic and indigenous bacteria in faecal samples by real-time PCR[J]. J Appl Microbiol, 2004, 97(6):1166-1177.
16.	OHLAND C L, MACNAUGHTON W K. Probiotic bacteria and intestinal epithelial barrier function[J]. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol, 2010, 298(6):G807-G819.
17.	ROMOND M B, COLAVIZZA M, MULLIÉ C, et al. Does the intestinal bifidobacterial colonisation affect bacterial translocation?[J]. Anaerobe, 2008, 14(1):43-48.
18.	SHIMIZU K, OGURA H, GOTO M, et al. Altered gut flora and environment in patients with severe SIRS[J]. J Trauma, 2006, 60(1):126-133.
19.	MAZAKI T. Re:early antibiotic treatment for severe acute necrotizing pancreatitis[J]. Ann Surg, 2008, 247(2):393-394; author reply 394-395.
20.	BALZAN S, DE ALMEIDA QUADROS C, DE CLEVA R, et al. Bacterial translocation:overview of mechanicsms and clinical impact[J]. J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 2007, 22(4):464-471.
21.	袁耀宗, 汤玉茗.重视肠屏障功能的研究[J].中华消化杂志, 2006, 26(9):577-578.
22.	邓群, 黎沾良, 陆连荣, 等.急性坏死性胰腺炎时肠屏障损害及肠源性细菌和内毒素移位的实验研究[J].中国普通外科杂志, 2001, 10(4):313-316.
23.	QUIGLEY E M, QUERA R. Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth:roles of antibiotics, prebiotics, and probiotics[J]. Gastroenterology, 2006, 130(2 Suppl 1):S78-S90.

1. LIU Zhonghui, PENG Junsheng, LI Chujun, et al. A simple taurocholate-induced model of severe acute pancreatitis in rats[J]. World J Gastroenterol, 2009, 15(45):5732-5739.
2. BJORNSON H S. Pancreatic "abscess":diagnosis and management[J]. Pancreas, 1991, 6(Suppl 1):S31-S36.
3. FREY C F, BRADLEY E L 3rd, BEGER H G. Progress in acute pancreatitis[J]. Surg Gynecol Obstet, 1988, 167(4):282-286.
4. RUNKEL N F, MOODY F G, SMITH G S, et al. The role of the gut in the development of sepsis in acute pancreatitis[J]. J Surg Res, 1991, 51(1):18-23.
5. KAZANTSEV G B, HECHT D W, RAO R, et al. Plasmid labeling confirms bacterial translocation in pancreatitis[J]. Am J Surg, 1994, 167(1):201-206; discussion 206-207.
6. 郝建志, 方驰华, 范应方, 等.一种效果确切的大鼠重症急性胰腺炎模型[J].中国组织工程研究与临床康复, 2011, 15(28):5193-5196.
7. 何志宇, 陈光远.重症急性胰腺炎与胃肠动力障碍的研究进展[J].世界华人消化杂志, 2008, 16(12):1317-1322.
8. BESSELINK M G, VAN SANTVOORT H C, RENOOIJ W, et al. Intestinal barrier dysfunction in a randomized trial of a specific probiotic composition in acute pancreatitis[J]. Ann Surg, 2009, 250(5):712-719.
9. SCHMIDT J, RATTNER D W, LEWANDROWSKI K, et al. A better model of acute pancreatitis for evaluating therapy[J]. Ann Surg, 1992, 215(1):44-56.
10. SCHMIDT J, LEWANDROWSI K, WARSHAW A L, et al. Morphometric characteristics and homogeneity of a new model of acute pancreatitis in the rat[J]. Int J Pancreatol, 1992, 12(1):41-51.
11. 田华, 张喜平, 陈力, 等.重症急性胰腺炎大鼠模型制备的技术改良[J].中华急诊医学杂志, 2005, 14(3):211-214.
12. CHIU C J, MCARDLE A H, BROWN R, et al. Intestinal mucosal lesion in low-flow states.Ⅰ. A morphological, hemodynamic, and metabolic reappraisal[J]. Arch Surg, 1970, 101(4):478-483.
13. 杨荣, 嵇武, 李国逊, 等.粪便中肠源性防御素-5含量变化对腹腔感染大鼠肠黏膜屏障功能监测的意义[J].中国现代医学杂志, 2011, 21(11):1292-1296.
14. 宋关茹, 姚萍.应用实时荧光定量PCR定量检测溃疡性结肠炎肠道大肠埃希菌、乳酸杆菌及双歧杆菌属的变化[J].中国微生态学杂志, 2012, 24(3):239-243.
15. RINTTILÄ T, KASSINEN A, MALINEN E, et al. Development of an extensive set of 16S rDNA-targeted primers for quantification of pathogenic and indigenous bacteria in faecal samples by real-time PCR[J]. J Appl Microbiol, 2004, 97(6):1166-1177.
16. OHLAND C L, MACNAUGHTON W K. Probiotic bacteria and intestinal epithelial barrier function[J]. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol, 2010, 298(6):G807-G819.
17. ROMOND M B, COLAVIZZA M, MULLIÉ C, et al. Does the intestinal bifidobacterial colonisation affect bacterial translocation?[J]. Anaerobe, 2008, 14(1):43-48.
18. SHIMIZU K, OGURA H, GOTO M, et al. Altered gut flora and environment in patients with severe SIRS[J]. J Trauma, 2006, 60(1):126-133.
19. MAZAKI T. Re:early antibiotic treatment for severe acute necrotizing pancreatitis[J]. Ann Surg, 2008, 247(2):393-394; author reply 394-395.
20. BALZAN S, DE ALMEIDA QUADROS C, DE CLEVA R, et al. Bacterial translocation:overview of mechanicsms and clinical impact[J]. J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 2007, 22(4):464-471.
21. 袁耀宗, 汤玉茗.重视肠屏障功能的研究[J].中华消化杂志, 2006, 26(9):577-578.
22. 邓群, 黎沾良, 陆连荣, 等.急性坏死性胰腺炎时肠屏障损害及肠源性细菌和内毒素移位的实验研究[J].中国普通外科杂志, 2001, 10(4):313-316.
23. QUIGLEY E M, QUERA R. Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth:roles of antibiotics, prebiotics, and probiotics[J]. Gastroenterology, 2006, 130(2 Suppl 1):S78-S90.

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Changes of Intestinal Mucosal Barrier and Intestinal Flora in Rats with Severe Acute Pancreatitis

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