Selective control of hindlimb movements based on intraspinal functional electronic stimulation_Journal of Biomedical Engineering

Authors：

 SHEN Xiaoyan ¹ , WANG Zhigong ² , MA Lei ¹ , LU Xiaoying ³ , DU Wei ¹ , CHEN Yi ⁴ , TAO Chunling ¹

1. School of Electronic Information, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, P.R.China;
2. Institute of RF- & OE-ICs, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, P.R.China;
3. State Key Lab of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, P.R.China;
4. School of Medical Information, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, P.R.China;

Corresponding author：

SHEN Xiaoyan, Email: xiaoyansho@ntu.edu.cn

Keywords：

functional electronic stimulation; control of movement; spinal cord injury

DOI：

10.7507/1001-5515.201703030

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Functional electronic stimulation (FES) may provide a means to restore motor function in patients with spinal cord injuries. The goal of this study is to determine the regions in the spinal cord controlling different hindlimb movements in the rats. Normalization was used for the regions dominating the corresponding movements. It has been verified that FES can be used in motor function recovery of the hindlimb. The spinal cord was stimulated by FES with a three-dimensional scan mode in experiments. The results show that stimulation through the electrodes implanted in the ventral locations of the lumbosacral enlargement can produce coordinated single- and multi-joint hindlimb movements. A variety of different hindlimb movements can be induced with the appropriate stimulation sites, and movement vectors of the hindlimb cover the full range of movement directions in the sagittal plane of the hindlimb. This article drew a map about spinal cord motor function of the rat. The regions in the spinal cord which control corresponding movements are normalized. The data in the study provide guidance about the location of electrode tips in the follow-up experiments.

Citation： SHEN Xiaoyan, WANG Zhigong, MA Lei, LU Xiaoying, DU Wei, CHEN Yi, TAO Chunling. Selective control of hindlimb movements based on intraspinal functional electronic stimulation. Journal of Biomedical Engineering, 2018, 35(6): 860-863. doi: 10.7507/1001-5515.201703030 Copy

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2.	Holinski B J, Mazurek K A, Everaert D G, et al. Intraspinal microstimulation produces over-ground walking in anesthetized cats. J Neural Eng, 2016, 13(5): 056016.
3.	Li Yan, Alam M, Guo Shanshan, et al. Electronic bypass of spinal lesions: activation of lower motor neurons directly driven by cortical neural signals. J Neuroeng Rehabil, 2014, 11(1): 1-12.
4.	Gerasimenko Y P, Avelev V D, Nikitin O A, et al. Initiation of locomotor activity in spinal cats by epidural stimulation of the spinal cord. Neurosci Behav Physiol, 2003, 33(3): 247-254.
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6.	Musienko P, van den Brand R, Maerzendorfer O, et al. Combinatory electrical and pharmacological neuroprosthetic interfaces to regain motor function after spinal cord injury. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng, 2009, 56(11): 2707-2711.
7.	Mushahwar V K, Horch K W. Interleaved dual-channel stimulation of the ventral lumbo-sacral spinal cord reduces muscle fatigue// International Functional Electrical Stimulation Society (IFESS) 5th Triennial Neuroprostheses: Motor Syst. V, 1997. Burnaby, Canada, 1997.
8.	Mushahwar V K, Saigal R. Spinal cord stimulation for restoration of locomotion// Proceedings of the Second Joint EMBS/BMES Conference, 2002. 24th Annual Conference of the Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society and the Annual Fall Meeting of the Biomedical Engineering Society. Houston, USA: IEEE, 2002, 3: 2041-2042.
9.	Huang Wei, Shen Xiaoyan, Huang Tianpeng. Experimental research on the reference coordinates for functional localization of spinal cord// The 6th International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering (iCBBE). Shanghai, China: The Gordon Life Science Institute, 2012: 245-248．.
10.	Bamford J A, Putman C T, Mushahwar V K. Intraspinal microstimulation preferentially recruits fatigue-resistant muscle fibres and generates gradual force in rat. J Physiol, 2005, 569(3): 873-884.

1. Nataraj R, Audu M L, Triolo R J. Restoring standing capabilities with feedback control of functional neuromuscular stimulation following spinal cord injury. Med Eng Phys, 2017, 42: 13-25.
2. Holinski B J, Mazurek K A, Everaert D G, et al. Intraspinal microstimulation produces over-ground walking in anesthetized cats. J Neural Eng, 2016, 13(5): 056016.
3. Li Yan, Alam M, Guo Shanshan, et al. Electronic bypass of spinal lesions: activation of lower motor neurons directly driven by cortical neural signals. J Neuroeng Rehabil, 2014, 11(1): 1-12.
4. Gerasimenko Y P, Avelev V D, Nikitin O A, et al. Initiation of locomotor activity in spinal cats by epidural stimulation of the spinal cord. Neurosci Behav Physiol, 2003, 33(3): 247-254.
5. Gerasimenko Y P, Lavrov I A, Bogacheva I N, et al. Formation of locomotor patterns in decerebrate cats in conditions of epidural stimulation of the spinal cord. Neurosci Behav Physiol, 2005, 35(3): 291-298.
6. Musienko P, van den Brand R, Maerzendorfer O, et al. Combinatory electrical and pharmacological neuroprosthetic interfaces to regain motor function after spinal cord injury. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng, 2009, 56(11): 2707-2711.
7. Mushahwar V K, Horch K W. Interleaved dual-channel stimulation of the ventral lumbo-sacral spinal cord reduces muscle fatigue// International Functional Electrical Stimulation Society (IFESS) 5th Triennial Neuroprostheses: Motor Syst. V, 1997. Burnaby, Canada, 1997.
8. Mushahwar V K, Saigal R. Spinal cord stimulation for restoration of locomotion// Proceedings of the Second Joint EMBS/BMES Conference, 2002. 24th Annual Conference of the Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society and the Annual Fall Meeting of the Biomedical Engineering Society. Houston, USA: IEEE, 2002, 3: 2041-2042.
9. Huang Wei, Shen Xiaoyan, Huang Tianpeng. Experimental research on the reference coordinates for functional localization of spinal cord// The 6th International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering (iCBBE). Shanghai, China: The Gordon Life Science Institute, 2012: 245-248．.
10. Bamford J A, Putman C T, Mushahwar V K. Intraspinal microstimulation preferentially recruits fatigue-resistant muscle fibres and generates gradual force in rat. J Physiol, 2005, 569(3): 873-884.

Journal of Biomedical Engineering

Selective control of hindlimb movements based on intraspinal functional electronic stimulation

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