Research on sintering process of tricalcium phosphate bone tissue engineering scaffold based on three-dimensional printing_Journal of Biomedical Engineering

Authors：

MAN Xingyun ^1,2 , SUO Hairui ^1,2 , LIU Jiali ^1,2 , XU Ming’en ^1,2 ,  WANG Ling ^1,2

1. Key Laboratory of Medical Information and 3D Bioprinting of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, P.R.China;
2. School of Automation, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, P.R.China;

Corresponding author：

WANG Ling, Email: lingw@hdu.edu.cn

Keywords：

three-dimensional printing; tricalcium phosphate; bone tissue engineering scaffold; sintering technology; mechanical property

DOI：

10.7507/1001-5515.201906065

Video：

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Abstract Full text Figures/Tables Video References Cited by

Tricalcium phosphate (TCP) is one of the most widely used bioceramics for constructing bone tissue engineering scaffold. The three-dimensional (3D) printed TCP scaffold has precise and controllable pore structure, while with the limitation of insufficient mechanical properties. In this study, we investigated the effect of sintering temperature on the mechanical properties of 3D-printed TCP scaffolds in detail, due to the important role of the sintering process on the mechanical properties of bioceramic scaffolds. The morphology, mass and volume shrinkage, porosity, mechanical properties and degradation property of the scaffold was studied. The results showed that the scaffold sintered at 1 150℃ had the maximum volume shrinkage, the minimum porosity and optimal mechanical strength, with the compressive strength of (6.52 ± 0.84) MPa and the compressive modulus of (100.08 ± 18.6) MPa, which could meet the requirements of human cancellous bone. In addition, the 1 150℃ sintered scaffold degraded most slowly in the acidic environment compared to the scaffolds sintered at the other temperatures, demonstrating its optimal mechanical stability over long-term implantation. The scaffold can support bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) adherence and rapid proliferation and has good biocompatibility. In summary, this paper optimizes the sintering process of 3D printed TCP scaffold and improves its mechanical properties, which lays a foundation for its application as a load-bearing bone.

Citation： MAN Xingyun, SUO Hairui, LIU Jiali, XU Ming’en, WANG Ling. Research on sintering process of tricalcium phosphate bone tissue engineering scaffold based on three-dimensional printing. Journal of Biomedical Engineering, 2020, 37(1): 112-118. doi: 10.7507/1001-5515.201906065 Copy

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2.	Deng Yuan, Jiang Chuan, Li Cuidi, et al. 3D printed scaffolds of calcium silicate-doped β-TCP synergize with co-cultured endothelial and stromal cells to promote vascularization and bone formation. Sci Rep, 2017, 7(1): 5588.
3.	Diao Jingjing, Ouyang Jun, Deng Ting, et al. 3D-plotted beta-tricalcium phosphate scaffolds with smaller pore sizes improve in vivo bone regeneration and biomechanical properties in a critical-sized calvarial defect rat model. Adv Healthc Mater, 2018, 7(17): e1800441.
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12.	Karageorgiou V, Kaplan D. Porosity of 3D biomaterial scaffolds and osteogenesis. Biomaterials, 2005, 26(27): 5474-5491.
13.	方芳, 阎玉华. β-TCP 陶瓷的生物降解过程及机理探讨. 硅酸盐通报, 2003, 22(4): 75-77.
14.	Pramanik S, Agarwal A K, Rai K N, et al. Development of high strength hydroxyapatite by solid-state-sintering process. Ceramics International, 2007, 33(3): 419-426.
15.	Ryu H S, Youn H J, Hong K S, et al. An improvement in sintering property of beta-tricalcium phosphate by addition of Calcium pyrophosphate. Biomaterials, 2002, 23(3): 909-914.
16.	马艺娟. 三维可控微结构多孔生物活性陶瓷的制备及其性能研究. 广州: 华南理工大学, 2015.
17.	孙开瑜, 徐铭恩, 周永勇. 基于 3D 打印的 I 型胶原涂覆 β-TCP 骨组织工程支架研究. 中国生物医学工程学报, 2018, 37(3): 335-343.
18.	Gao Chengde, Peng Shuping, Feng Pei, et al. Bone biomaterials and interactions with stem cells. Bone Research, 2017, 5: 17059.
19.	樊东辉, 徐政, 李世普, 等. 多孔 β-TCP 材料的生物降解性能及相关机理研究. 中国康复医学杂志, 2003, 18(3): 166-167.
20.	赵娜如, 王迎军, 叶建东, 等. β-磷酸三钙-生物活性玻璃-聚乳酸多孔复合材料的降解性能. 硅酸盐学报, 2007, 35(6): 679-682.
21.	陆华, 卢建熙, 林开利, 等. 生物医学工程材料 β 磷酸三钙生物陶瓷的体外降解性能研究. 中国临床康复, 2004, 8(23): 4712-4713.

1. Gao Peng, Zhang Haoqiang, Liu Yun, et al. Beta-tricalcium phosphate granules improve osteogenesis in vitro and establish innovative osteo-regenerators for bone tissue engineering in vivo. Sci Rep, 2016, 6: 23367.
2. Deng Yuan, Jiang Chuan, Li Cuidi, et al. 3D printed scaffolds of calcium silicate-doped β-TCP synergize with co-cultured endothelial and stromal cells to promote vascularization and bone formation. Sci Rep, 2017, 7(1): 5588.
3. Diao Jingjing, Ouyang Jun, Deng Ting, et al. 3D-plotted beta-tricalcium phosphate scaffolds with smaller pore sizes improve in vivo bone regeneration and biomechanical properties in a critical-sized calvarial defect rat model. Adv Healthc Mater, 2018, 7(17): e1800441.
4. 党莹, 李月, 李瑞玉, 等. 骨组织工程支架材料在骨缺损修复及 3D 打印技术中的应用. 中国组织工程研究, 2017, 21(14): 2266-2273.
5. 王卓薇, 王志强, 孙稚菁, 等. 羟基磷灰石的微波烧结. 大连轻工业学院学报, 2007, 26(2): 147-151.
6. 李翀, 武明, 赵金龙, 等. 纳米陶瓷材料烧结技术的研究进展. 热加工工艺, 2012, 41(24): 57-59, 62.
7. 陈智慧, 李江涛, 胡章贵, 等. 两步烧结法合成钇铝石榴石透明陶瓷. 无机材料学报, 2008, 23(1): 130-134.
8. Mazaheri M, Haghighatzadeh M, Zahedi A. Effect of a novel sintering process on mechanical properties of hydroxyapatite ceramics. J Alloys Compd, 2009, 471(1/2): 180-184.
9. 周奎. 基于挤出沉积制造技术的羟基磷灰石基骨组织工程支架的研究. 武汉: 华中科技大学, 2016.
10. 储成林, 朱景川, 尹钟大, 等. 致密羟基磷灰石(HA)生物陶瓷烧结行为和力学性能. 功能材料, 1999, 30(6): 606-609.
11. Isa N H, Azis R S, Saat N K, et al. The effect of sintering time on the microstructural and nonlinear electrical properties of Zn-V-Mn-Nb-Nd-O low-voltage varistor ceramics. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2018, 1083(01): 012009.
12. Karageorgiou V, Kaplan D. Porosity of 3D biomaterial scaffolds and osteogenesis. Biomaterials, 2005, 26(27): 5474-5491.
13. 方芳, 阎玉华. β-TCP 陶瓷的生物降解过程及机理探讨. 硅酸盐通报, 2003, 22(4): 75-77.
14. Pramanik S, Agarwal A K, Rai K N, et al. Development of high strength hydroxyapatite by solid-state-sintering process. Ceramics International, 2007, 33(3): 419-426.
15. Ryu H S, Youn H J, Hong K S, et al. An improvement in sintering property of beta-tricalcium phosphate by addition of Calcium pyrophosphate. Biomaterials, 2002, 23(3): 909-914.
16. 马艺娟. 三维可控微结构多孔生物活性陶瓷的制备及其性能研究. 广州: 华南理工大学, 2015.
17. 孙开瑜, 徐铭恩, 周永勇. 基于 3D 打印的 I 型胶原涂覆 β-TCP 骨组织工程支架研究. 中国生物医学工程学报, 2018, 37(3): 335-343.
18. Gao Chengde, Peng Shuping, Feng Pei, et al. Bone biomaterials and interactions with stem cells. Bone Research, 2017, 5: 17059.
19. 樊东辉, 徐政, 李世普, 等. 多孔 β-TCP 材料的生物降解性能及相关机理研究. 中国康复医学杂志, 2003, 18(3): 166-167.
20. 赵娜如, 王迎军, 叶建东, 等. β-磷酸三钙-生物活性玻璃-聚乳酸多孔复合材料的降解性能. 硅酸盐学报, 2007, 35(6): 679-682.
21. 陆华, 卢建熙, 林开利, 等. 生物医学工程材料 β 磷酸三钙生物陶瓷的体外降解性能研究. 中国临床康复, 2004, 8(23): 4712-4713.

Journal of Biomedical Engineering

Research on sintering process of tricalcium phosphate bone tissue engineering scaffold based on three-dimensional printing

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