Study on visfatin-induced inflammation and necroptosis via LOX-1 in human umbilical vein endothelial cells_Journal of Biomedical Engineering

Authors：

HAN Xiaoyu ^1,2 , WU Wenchao ² , LIU Xiaojing ^2,3 ,  ZHU Ye ³

1. Geriatrics Department, Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, Chengdu 610017, P.R.China;
2. Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P.R.China;
3. Vasculocardiology Department, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P.R.China;

Corresponding author：

ZHU Ye, Email: zhuye1974@163.com

Keywords：

visfatin; human umbilical vein endothelial cells; LOX-1; inflammation; necroptosis

DOI：

10.7507/1001-5515.202003067

Video：

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The aim of the study is to identify the effects and underlying mechanisms of visfatin on inflammation and necroptosis in vascular endothelial cells. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were stimulated with visfatin or pretreated with Polyinosinic acid (LOX-1 inhibitor). By using the Western blot, RT-PCR, immunocytochemistry, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), MTT and flow cytometry technique, the occurrence of inflammation and necroptosis in HUVECs were evaluated. Our results showed that 100 ng/mL visfatin significantly increased the mRNA and protein expression of monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1) and LOX-1 after 24 hours’ treatment in HUVECs. However, pretreatment with Polyinosinic acid could significantly reduce the expression of MCP-1 compared with visfatin group. Additionally, 100 ng/mL visfatin could induce the production of necrotic features and increase the mRNA expression of BMF (one of the markers of necroptosis), while pretreating with Polyinosinic acid markedly downregulated the mRNA expression of BMF gene and promoted the cell proliferation. These results indicate that visfatin might induce inflammation and necroptosis via LOX-1 in HUVECs, suggesting that visfatin plays a central role in the development of atherosclerosis.

Citation： HAN Xiaoyu, WU Wenchao, LIU Xiaojing, ZHU Ye. Study on visfatin-induced inflammation and necroptosis via LOX-1 in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Journal of Biomedical Engineering, 2020, 37(5): 834-841, 854. doi: 10.7507/1001-5515.202003067 Copy

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4.	Fukuhara A, Matsuda M, Nishizawa M, et al. Visfatin: a protein secreted by visceral fat that mimics the effects of insulin. Science, 2005, 307(5708): 426-430.
5.	Radzicka S, Pietryga M, Iciek R, et al. The role of visfatin in pathogenesis of gestational diabetes (GDM). Ginekol Pol, 2018, 89(9): 518-521.
6.	Dahl T B, Yndestad A, Skjelland M, et al. Increased expression of visfatin in macrophages of human unstable carotid and coronary atherosclerosis: Possible role in inflammation and plaque destabilization. Circulation, 2007, 115(8): 972-980.
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8.	Yin C Y, Hu W, Wang M, et al. The role of the adipocytokines vaspin and visfatin in vascular endothelial function and insulin resistance in obese children. BMC Endocr Disord, 2019, 19(1): 127.
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10.	Gimbrone M A Jr, García-Cardeña G. Endothelial cell dysfunction and the pathobiology of atherosclerosis. Circ Res, 2016, 118(4): 620-636.
11.	Pothineni N V K, Karathanasis S K, Ding Z F, et al. LOX-1 in atherosclerosis and myocardial ischemia: biology, genetics, and modulation. J Am Coll Cardiol, 2017, 69(22): 2759-2768.
12.	Deng Y H, Lin N, Wu L Y, et al. Expression of LOX-1 in human mesangial cells is increased by Ox-LDL and IL-1β treatment. Exp Ther Med, 2017, 14(4): 3632-3636.
13.	Lee J Y, Chung J, Kim K H, et al. Fluid shear stress regulates the expression of Lectin-like oxidized low density lipoprotein receptor-1 via KLF2-AP-1 pathway depending on its intensity and pattern in endothelial cells. Atherosclerosis, 2018, 270: 76–88.
14.	Stancel N, Chen C C, Ke L Y, et al. Interplay between CRP, atherogenic LDL, and LOX-1 and its potential role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Clin Chem, 2016, 62(2): 320-327.
15.	Zhang H, Yin Y, Liu Y, et al. Necroptosis mediated by impaired autophagy flux contributes to adverse ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction. Biochem Pharmacol, 2020, 13:113915.
16.	Hitomi J, Christofferson D E, Ng A, et al. Identification of a molecular signaling network that regulates a cellular necrotic cell death pathway. Cell. 2008, 135(7): 1311-1323.
17.	Wu M H, Tsai C H, Huang Y L, et al. Visfatin promotes IL-6 and TNF-α production in human synovial fibroblasts by repressing miR-199a-5p through ERK, p38 and JNK signaling pathways. Int J Mol Sci, 2018, 19(1): 190.
18.	Chistiakov D A, Melnichenko A A, Myasoedova V A, et al. Mechanisms of foam cell formation in atherosclerosis. J Mol Med (Berl), 2017, 95(11): 1153-1165.
19.	Ishino S, Mukai T, Kume N, et al. Lectin-like oxidized LDL receptor-1 (LOX-1) expression is associated with atherosclerotic plaque instability--analysis in hypercholesterolemic rabbits. Atherosclerosis, 2007, 195(1): 48-56.
20.	Green D R. The coming decade of cell death research: Five riddles. Cell, 2019, 177(5): 1094-1107.
21.	Fritsch M, Günther S D, Schwarzer R, et al. Caspase-8 is the molecular switch for apoptosis, necroptosis and pyroptosis. Nature, 2019, 575(7784): 683-687.

1. Libby P, Buring J E, Badimon L, et al. Atherosclerosis. Nat Rev Dis Primers, 2019, 5(1): 1-18.
2. Zhu Y H, Xian X M, Wang Z Z, et al. Research progress on the relationship between atherosclerosis and inflammation. Biomolecules, 2018, 8(3): 80.
3. Deng T, Lyon C J, Bergin S, et al. Obesity, inflammation, and cancer. Annu Rev Pathol, 2016, 11: 421-449.
4. Fukuhara A, Matsuda M, Nishizawa M, et al. Visfatin: a protein secreted by visceral fat that mimics the effects of insulin. Science, 2005, 307(5708): 426-430.
5. Radzicka S, Pietryga M, Iciek R, et al. The role of visfatin in pathogenesis of gestational diabetes (GDM). Ginekol Pol, 2018, 89(9): 518-521.
6. Dahl T B, Yndestad A, Skjelland M, et al. Increased expression of visfatin in macrophages of human unstable carotid and coronary atherosclerosis: Possible role in inflammation and plaque destabilization. Circulation, 2007, 115(8): 972-980.
7. Adya R, Tan B K, Chen J, et al. Pre-B cell colony enhancing factor (PBEF)/visfatin induces secretion of MCP-1 in human endothelial cells: role in visfatin-induced angiogenesis. Atherosclerosis, 2009, 205(1): 113-119.
8. Yin C Y, Hu W, Wang M, et al. The role of the adipocytokines vaspin and visfatin in vascular endothelial function and insulin resistance in obese children. BMC Endocr Disord, 2019, 19(1): 127.
9. Kim S R, Bae Y H, Soo K B et al. Visfatin enhances ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 expression through ROS-dependent NF-kappa B activation in endothelial cells. Biochim Biophys Acta, 2009, 1783(5): 886-895.
10. Gimbrone M A Jr, García-Cardeña G. Endothelial cell dysfunction and the pathobiology of atherosclerosis. Circ Res, 2016, 118(4): 620-636.
11. Pothineni N V K, Karathanasis S K, Ding Z F, et al. LOX-1 in atherosclerosis and myocardial ischemia: biology, genetics, and modulation. J Am Coll Cardiol, 2017, 69(22): 2759-2768.
12. Deng Y H, Lin N, Wu L Y, et al. Expression of LOX-1 in human mesangial cells is increased by Ox-LDL and IL-1β treatment. Exp Ther Med, 2017, 14(4): 3632-3636.
13. Lee J Y, Chung J, Kim K H, et al. Fluid shear stress regulates the expression of Lectin-like oxidized low density lipoprotein receptor-1 via KLF2-AP-1 pathway depending on its intensity and pattern in endothelial cells. Atherosclerosis, 2018, 270: 76–88.
14. Stancel N, Chen C C, Ke L Y, et al. Interplay between CRP, atherogenic LDL, and LOX-1 and its potential role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Clin Chem, 2016, 62(2): 320-327.
15. Zhang H, Yin Y, Liu Y, et al. Necroptosis mediated by impaired autophagy flux contributes to adverse ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction. Biochem Pharmacol, 2020, 13:113915.
16. Hitomi J, Christofferson D E, Ng A, et al. Identification of a molecular signaling network that regulates a cellular necrotic cell death pathway. Cell. 2008, 135(7): 1311-1323.
17. Wu M H, Tsai C H, Huang Y L, et al. Visfatin promotes IL-6 and TNF-α production in human synovial fibroblasts by repressing miR-199a-5p through ERK, p38 and JNK signaling pathways. Int J Mol Sci, 2018, 19(1): 190.
18. Chistiakov D A, Melnichenko A A, Myasoedova V A, et al. Mechanisms of foam cell formation in atherosclerosis. J Mol Med (Berl), 2017, 95(11): 1153-1165.
19. Ishino S, Mukai T, Kume N, et al. Lectin-like oxidized LDL receptor-1 (LOX-1) expression is associated with atherosclerotic plaque instability--analysis in hypercholesterolemic rabbits. Atherosclerosis, 2007, 195(1): 48-56.
20. Green D R. The coming decade of cell death research: Five riddles. Cell, 2019, 177(5): 1094-1107.
21. Fritsch M, Günther S D, Schwarzer R, et al. Caspase-8 is the molecular switch for apoptosis, necroptosis and pyroptosis. Nature, 2019, 575(7784): 683-687.

Journal of Biomedical Engineering

Study on visfatin-induced inflammation and necroptosis via LOX-1 in human umbilical vein endothelial cells

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