Effects of different alveolar bone finite element models on the biomechanical responses of periodontal ligament_Journal of Biomedical Engineering

Authors：

WU Jianlei ¹ ,  LIU Yunfeng ^2,3 , LI Boxiu ⁴ , WANG Dongcai ^2,3 , DONG Xingtao ^2,3 , ZHOU Jiali ⁵

1. Mechanical & Electrical Engineering Institute, Ningbo Polytechnic, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315800, P.R.China;
2. College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, P.R.China;
3. Key Laboratory of Special Purpose Equipment and Advanced Processing Technology, Ministry of Education and Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, P.R.China;
4. Department of Orthodontics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University College of Medical, Hangzhou 310009, P.R.China;
5. Radiology Department, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315000, P.R.China;

Corresponding author：

LIU Yunfeng, Email: liuyf76@126.com

Keywords：

oral orthodontics; finite element model; alveolar bone; periodontal ligament; biomechanics

DOI：

10.7507/1001-5515.202007048

Video：

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In the study of oral orthodontics, the dental tissue models play an important role in finite element analysis results. Currently, the commonly used alveolar bone models mainly have two kinds: the uniform and the non-uniform models. The material of the uniform model was defined with the whole alveolar bone, and each mesh element has a uniform mechanical property. While the material of the elements in non-uniform model was differently determined by the Hounsfield unit (HU) value of computed tomography (CT) images where the element was located. To investigate the effects of different alveolar bone models on the biomechanical responses of periodontal ligament (PDL), a clinical patient was chosen as the research object, his mandibular canine, PDL and two kinds of alveolar bone models were constructed, and intrusive force of 1 N and moment of 2 Nmm were exerted on the canine along its root direction, respectively, which were used to analyze the hydrostatic stress and the maximal logarithmic principal strain of PDL under different loads. Research results indicated that the mechanical responses of PDL had been affected by alveolar bone models, no matter the canine translation or rotation. Compared to the uniform model, if the alveolar bone was defined as the non-uniform model, the maximal stress and strain of PDL were decreased by 13.13% and 35.57%, respectively, when the canine translation along its root direction; while the maximal stress and strain of PDL were decreased by 19.55% and 35.64%, respectively, when the canine rotation along its root direction. The uniform alveolar bone model will induce orthodontists to choose a smaller orthodontic force. The non-uniform alveolar bone model can better reflect the differences of bone characteristics in the real alveolar bone, and more conducive to obtain accurate analysis results.

Citation： WU Jianlei, LIU Yunfeng, LI Boxiu, WANG Dongcai, DONG Xingtao, ZHOU Jiali. Effects of different alveolar bone finite element models on the biomechanical responses of periodontal ligament. Journal of Biomedical Engineering, 2021, 38(2): 295-302. doi: 10.7507/1001-5515.202007048 Copy

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2.	Lombardo L, Stefanoni F, Mollica F, et al. Three dimensional finite-element analysis of a central lower incisor under labial and lingual loads. Prog Orthod, 2012, 13: 154-163.
3.	赵志河, 李宇. 正畸牙移动细胞生物力学研究进展. 医用生物力学, 2010, 25(6): 393-398.
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5.	Kawarizadeh A, Bourauel C, Jager A. Experimental and numerical determination of initial tooth mobility and material properties of the periodontal ligament in rat molar specimens. Eur J Orthodont, 2003, 25(6): 569-578.
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7.	Qian Y L, Fan Y B, Liu Z, et al. Numerical simulation of tooth movement in a therapy period. Clin Biomech, 2008, 23(S1): S48-S52.
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11.	王洪宁, 秦行林, 刘东旭, 等. 基于micro-CT成像的仿真牙周膜有限元建模探讨. 口腔疾病防治, 2016, 24(5): 283-287.
12.	仵健磊, 彭伟, 董辉跃, 等. 基于超-黏弹性的牙周膜本构模型构建及模拟. 中国生物医学工程学报, 2018, 37(2): 194-201.
13.	Konermann A, Malat R A, Skupin J, et al. In vivo determination of tooth mobility after fixed orthodontic appliance therapy with a novel intraoral measurement device. Clin Oral Invest, 2017, 21: 1283-1289.
14.	Masakazu H, Taiji A, Teruko T Y. Computer simulation of orthodontic tooth movement using CT image-based voxel finite element models with the level set method. Comput Method Biomec, 2016, 19(5): 474-483.
15.	Ashrafi M, Ghalichi F, Mirzakouchaki B, et al. Numerical simulation of hydro-mechanical coupling of periodontal ligament. P I Mech Eng H, 2020, 234(2): 171-178.
16.	Cozzani M, Sadri D, Nucci L, et al. The effect of Alexander, Gianelly, Roth, and MBT bracket systems on anterior retraction: a 3-dimensional finite element study. Clin Oral Invest, 2020, 24(3): 1351-1357.
17.	Marangalou J H, Ghalichi F, Mirzakouchaki B. Numerical simulation of orthodontic bone remodeling. Orthod Waves, 2009, 68(2): 64-71.
18.	Wu J L, Liu Y F, Wang D C, et al. Investigation of effective intrusion and extrusion force for maxillary canine using finite element analysis. Comput Method Biomec, 2019, 3: 1-9.
19.	Benaissa A, Merdjib A, Bendjaballah M Z, et al. Stress influence on orthodontic system components under simulated treatment loadings. Comput Meth Prog Bio, 2020, 195: 105569.
20.	Liu Y F, Fan Y Y, Dong H Y, et al. An investigation of two finite element modeling solutions for biomechanical simulation using a case study of a mandibular bone. J Biomech Eng-T Asme, 2017, 139(12): 121006.
21.	Bujtar P, Sandor G K B, Bojtos A, et al. Finite element analysis of the human mandible at 3 different stages of life. Or Surg Or Med Or Pa, 2010, 110(3): 301-309.
22.	Toms S R, Eberhardt A W. A nonlinear finite element analysis of the periodontal ligament under orthodontic tooth loading. Am J Orthod Dentofac, 2003, 123(6): 657-665.
23.	魏志刚, 汤文成, 严斌, 等. 基于黏弹性模型的牙周膜生物力学研究. 东南大学学报: 自然科学版, 2009, 39(3): 484-489.
24.	Oskui I Z, Hashemi A. Dynamic tensile properties of bovine periodontal ligament: a nonlinear viscoelastic model. J Biomech, 2016, 49(5): 756-764.
25.	Toms S R, Dakin G J, Lemons J E, et al. Quasi-linear viscoelastic behavior of the human periodontal ligament. J Biomech, 2002, 35(10): 1411-1415.
26.	Wei Z G, Yu X L, Xu X G, et al. Experiment and hydro-mechanical coupling simulation study on the human periodontal ligament. Comput Methods Programs Biomed, 2014, 113(3): 749-756.
27.	Liu Y F, Wang R, Baur D A, et al. A finite element analysis of the stress distribution to the mandible from impact forces with various orientations of third molars. J Zhejiang Univ-Sci B, 2018, 19: 38-48.
28.	Wu Jianlei, Liu Yunfeng, Li Boxiu, et al. Numerical simulation of optimal range of rotational moment for the mandibular lateral incisor, canine and first premolar based on biomechanical responses of periodontal ligaments: a case study. Clin Oral Investig, 2021, 25(3): 1569-1577.

1. Kim T, Suh J, Kim N, et al. Optimum conditions for parallel translation of maxillary anterior teeth under retraction force determined with the finite element method. Am J Orthod Dentofac, 2010, 137: 639-647.
2. Lombardo L, Stefanoni F, Mollica F, et al. Three dimensional finite-element analysis of a central lower incisor under labial and lingual loads. Prog Orthod, 2012, 13: 154-163.
3. 赵志河, 李宇. 正畸牙移动细胞生物力学研究进展. 医用生物力学, 2010, 25(6): 393-398.
4. Wu J L, Liu Y F, Peng W, et al. A biomechanical case study on the optimal orthodontic force on the maxillary canine tooth based on finite element analysis. J Zhejiang Univ-Sci B, 2018, 19: 535-546.
5. Kawarizadeh A, Bourauel C, Jager A. Experimental and numerical determination of initial tooth mobility and material properties of the periodontal ligament in rat molar specimens. Eur J Orthodont, 2003, 25(6): 569-578.
6. Natali A N, Pavan P G, Carniel E L, et al. Viscoelastic response of the periodontal ligament: an experimental-numerical analysis. Connect Tissue Res, 2004, 45(4-5): 222-230.
7. Qian Y L, Fan Y B, Liu Z, et al. Numerical simulation of tooth movement in a therapy period. Clin Biomech, 2008, 23(S1): S48-S52.
8. 李再金. 口腔正畸力模拟及牙齿移动调制研究. 哈尔滨: 哈尔滨工业大学, 2014.
9. Liao Z P, Chen J N, Li W, et al. Biomechanical investigation into the role of the periodontal ligament in optimising orthodontic force: a finite element case study. Arch Oral Biol, 2016, 66: 98-107.
10. Field C, Ichim I, Swain M V, et al. Mechanical responses to orthodontic loading: a 3-dimensional finite element multi-tooth model. Am J Orthod Dentofac, 2009, 135(2): 174-181.
11. 王洪宁, 秦行林, 刘东旭, 等. 基于micro-CT成像的仿真牙周膜有限元建模探讨. 口腔疾病防治, 2016, 24(5): 283-287.
12. 仵健磊, 彭伟, 董辉跃, 等. 基于超-黏弹性的牙周膜本构模型构建及模拟. 中国生物医学工程学报, 2018, 37(2): 194-201.
13. Konermann A, Malat R A, Skupin J, et al. In vivo determination of tooth mobility after fixed orthodontic appliance therapy with a novel intraoral measurement device. Clin Oral Invest, 2017, 21: 1283-1289.
14. Masakazu H, Taiji A, Teruko T Y. Computer simulation of orthodontic tooth movement using CT image-based voxel finite element models with the level set method. Comput Method Biomec, 2016, 19(5): 474-483.
15. Ashrafi M, Ghalichi F, Mirzakouchaki B, et al. Numerical simulation of hydro-mechanical coupling of periodontal ligament. P I Mech Eng H, 2020, 234(2): 171-178.
16. Cozzani M, Sadri D, Nucci L, et al. The effect of Alexander, Gianelly, Roth, and MBT bracket systems on anterior retraction: a 3-dimensional finite element study. Clin Oral Invest, 2020, 24(3): 1351-1357.
17. Marangalou J H, Ghalichi F, Mirzakouchaki B. Numerical simulation of orthodontic bone remodeling. Orthod Waves, 2009, 68(2): 64-71.
18. Wu J L, Liu Y F, Wang D C, et al. Investigation of effective intrusion and extrusion force for maxillary canine using finite element analysis. Comput Method Biomec, 2019, 3: 1-9.
19. Benaissa A, Merdjib A, Bendjaballah M Z, et al. Stress influence on orthodontic system components under simulated treatment loadings. Comput Meth Prog Bio, 2020, 195: 105569.
20. Liu Y F, Fan Y Y, Dong H Y, et al. An investigation of two finite element modeling solutions for biomechanical simulation using a case study of a mandibular bone. J Biomech Eng-T Asme, 2017, 139(12): 121006.
21. Bujtar P, Sandor G K B, Bojtos A, et al. Finite element analysis of the human mandible at 3 different stages of life. Or Surg Or Med Or Pa, 2010, 110(3): 301-309.
22. Toms S R, Eberhardt A W. A nonlinear finite element analysis of the periodontal ligament under orthodontic tooth loading. Am J Orthod Dentofac, 2003, 123(6): 657-665.
23. 魏志刚, 汤文成, 严斌, 等. 基于黏弹性模型的牙周膜生物力学研究. 东南大学学报: 自然科学版, 2009, 39(3): 484-489.
24. Oskui I Z, Hashemi A. Dynamic tensile properties of bovine periodontal ligament: a nonlinear viscoelastic model. J Biomech, 2016, 49(5): 756-764.
25. Toms S R, Dakin G J, Lemons J E, et al. Quasi-linear viscoelastic behavior of the human periodontal ligament. J Biomech, 2002, 35(10): 1411-1415.
26. Wei Z G, Yu X L, Xu X G, et al. Experiment and hydro-mechanical coupling simulation study on the human periodontal ligament. Comput Methods Programs Biomed, 2014, 113(3): 749-756.
27. Liu Y F, Wang R, Baur D A, et al. A finite element analysis of the stress distribution to the mandible from impact forces with various orientations of third molars. J Zhejiang Univ-Sci B, 2018, 19: 38-48.
28. Wu Jianlei, Liu Yunfeng, Li Boxiu, et al. Numerical simulation of optimal range of rotational moment for the mandibular lateral incisor, canine and first premolar based on biomechanical responses of periodontal ligaments: a case study. Clin Oral Investig, 2021, 25(3): 1569-1577.

Journal of Biomedical Engineering

Effects of different alveolar bone finite element models on the biomechanical responses of periodontal ligament

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