Numerical study of the effect of geometrical parameters of straight impellers on the flow and hemolysis performance of centrifugal blood pumps_Journal of Biomedical Engineering

Authors：

HUANG Dongmei ¹ , XIONG Siheng ¹ , XIAO Yuan ¹ , WANG Jinyang ² ,  CUI Guomin ¹

1. Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow and Heat Transfer in Power Engineering, School of Energy and Power Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, P. R. China;
2. Zhangjiagang Hailu Thermal Energy Equipment Co., Ltd., Zhangjiagang, Jiangsu 215600, P. R. China;

Corresponding author：

CUI Guomin, Email: cgm@usst.edu.cn

Keywords：

Centrifugal blood pump; Multiphase flow; Hemolysis prediction; Numerical simulation

DOI：

10.7507/1001-5515.202311015

Video：

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Red blood cells are destroyed when the shear stress in the blood pump exceeds a threshold, which in turn triggers hemolysis in the patient. The impeller design of centrifugal blood pumps significantly influences the hydraulic characteristics and hemolytic properties of these devices. Based on this premise, the present study employs a multiphase flow approach to numerically simulate centrifugal blood pumps, investigating the performance of pumps with varying numbers of blades and blade deflection angles. This analysis encompassed the examination of flow field characteristics, hydraulic performance, and hemolytic potential. Numerical results indicated that the concentration of red blood cells and elevated shear stresses primarily occurred at the impeller and volute tongue, which drastically increased the risk of hemolysis in these areas. It was found that increasing the number of blades within a certain range enhanced the hydraulic performance of the pump but also raised the potential for hemolysis. Moreover, augmenting the blade deflection angle could improve the hemolytic performance, particularly in pumps with a higher number of blades. The findings from this study can provide valuable insights for the structural improvement and performance enhancement of centrifugal blood pumps.

Citation： HUANG Dongmei, XIONG Siheng, XIAO Yuan, WANG Jinyang, CUI Guomin. Numerical study of the effect of geometrical parameters of straight impellers on the flow and hemolysis performance of centrifugal blood pumps. Journal of Biomedical Engineering, 2024, 41(3): 577-583. doi: 10.7507/1001-5515.202311015 Copy

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2.	Moazami N, Fukamachi K, Kobayashi M, et al. Starling Axial and centrifugal continuous-flow rotary pumps: A translation from pump mechanics to clinical practice. J Heart Lung Transplant, 2013, 32(1): 1-11.
3.	刘泽辉, 张松, 屈一飞. 基于计算流体动力学仿真的离心式人工心脏泵叶片参数优化. 工具技术, 2021, 55(10): 51-57.
4.	Wu Peng. Recent advances in the application of computational fluid dynamics in the development of rotary blood pumps. Med Nov Technol Devices, 2022, 16: 100177.
5.	Song Guoliang, Chua L P, Lim T M. Numerical study of a bio-centrifugal blood pump with straight impeller blade profiles. Artif Organs, 2010, 34(2): 98-104.
6.	Takano T, Schulte-Eistrup S, Yoshikawa M, et al. Impeller design for a miniaturized centrifugal blood pump. Artif Organs, 2000, 24(10): 821-825.
7.	Song Guoliang, Chua L P, Lim T M. Numerical study of a centrifugal blood pump with different impeller profiles. ASAIO J, 2010, 56(1): 24-29.
8.	Li Yuan, Yu Jiachen, Wang Hongyu, et al. Investigation of the influence of blade configuration on the hemodynamic performance and blood damage of the centrifugal blood pump. Artif Organs, 2022, 46(9): 1817-1832.
9.	龚晓东, 杨树进, 刘祚时. 基于fluent离心式血泵内流场仿真与结构优化. 中国医学物理学杂志, 2022, 39(7): 913-918.
10.	汪毅渊, 周丽杰, 吴瑶, 等. 磁悬浮血泵流场分析与结构优化. 现代制造技术与装备, 2021, 57(1): 47-51.
11.	Wiegmann L, Boës S, de Zélicourt D, et al. Blood pump design variations and their influence on hydraulic performance and indicators of hemocompatibility. Ann Biomed Eng, 2018, 46: 417-428.
12.	Chua L P, Yu S C M, Leo H L, et al. Comparison of flow characteristics of enlarged blood pump models with different impeller design. Int Commun Heat Mass, 1999, 26(3): 369-378.
13.	Yu Zheqin, Tan Jianping, Wang Shuai. Enhanced discrete phase model for multiphase flow simulation of blood flow with high shear stress. Sci Prog, 2021, 104(1): 1-21.
14.	Melka B, Gracka M, Adamczyk W, et al. Multiphase simulation of blood flow within main thoracic arteries of 8-year-old child with coarctation of the aorta. Heat Mass Transfer, 2018, 54: 2405-2413.
15.	Ou Chubin, Huang Wei, Yuen M M F, et al. Hemodynamic modeling of leukocyte and erythrocyte transport and interactions in intracranial aneurysms by a multiphase approach. J Biomech, 2016, 49(14): 3476-3484.
16.	王带领, 谭建平, 喻哲钦. 基于多相流的轴流血泵流场分析及溶血指数预测. 中南大学学报(自然科学版), 2018, 49(8): 1929-1935.
17.	吴华春, 彭斯捷. 基于CFD磁悬浮离心血泵多相流流场仿真研究. 风机技术, 2023, 65(1): 40-46.
18.	Giersiepen M, Wurzinger L J, Opitz R, et al. Estimation of shear stress-related blood damage in heart valve prostheses-in vitro comparison of 25 aortic valves. Int J Artif Organs, 1990, 13(5): 300-306.
19.	Bludszuweit C. Three-dimensional numerical prediction of stress loading of blood particles in a centrifugal pump. Artif Organs, 1995, 19(7): 590-596.
20.	云忠, 向闯, 蔡超, 等. 边界振动流场对单个红细胞损伤影响分析. 生物医学工程学杂志, 2016, 33(1): 78-82.
21.	Behbahani M, Behr M, Hormes M, et al. A review of computational fluid dynamics analysis of blood pumps. Eur J Appl Math, 2009, 20(4): 363-397.
22.	Wang Fangqun, Li Lan, Feng Zhigang, et al. Prediction of shear stress-related hemolysis in centrifugal blood pumps by computational fluid dynamics. Prog Nat Sci, 2005, 15(10): 951-955.
23.	Peng Fang, Du Jianjun, Yu Shunzhou. Impeller (straight blade) design variations and their influence on the performance of a centrifugal blood pump. Int J Artif Organs, 2020, 43(12): 782-795.
24.	Huang Bo, Guo Miao, Lu Bin, et al. Geometric optimization of an extracorporeal centrifugal blood pump with an unshrouded impeller concerning both hydraulic performance and shear stress. Processes, 2021, 9(7): 1211.
25.	Yang Weibo, Zhou Jian, Xiao Weihu, et al. Effect of conical spiral flow channel and impeller parameters on flow field and hemolysis performance of an axial magnetic blood pump. Processes, 2022, 10(5): 853.
26.	阮晓东, 陈松松, 钱伟文, 等. 基于溶血性能的离心式旋转血泵设计. 中国生物医学工程学报, 2011, 30(3): 411-415.
27.	荆腾, 潘爱娣, 顾发东, 等. 主动脉穿刺型轴流血泵折边结构叶轮的数值模拟及溶血分析. 排灌机械工程学报, 2024, 42(2): 109-117.

1. Mohammadi R, Karimi M S, Raisee M, et al. Probabilistic CFD analysis on the flow field and performance of the FDA centrifugal blood pump. Appl Math Model, 2022, 109: 555-577.
2. Moazami N, Fukamachi K, Kobayashi M, et al. Starling Axial and centrifugal continuous-flow rotary pumps: A translation from pump mechanics to clinical practice. J Heart Lung Transplant, 2013, 32(1): 1-11.
3. 刘泽辉, 张松, 屈一飞. 基于计算流体动力学仿真的离心式人工心脏泵叶片参数优化. 工具技术, 2021, 55(10): 51-57.
4. Wu Peng. Recent advances in the application of computational fluid dynamics in the development of rotary blood pumps. Med Nov Technol Devices, 2022, 16: 100177.
5. Song Guoliang, Chua L P, Lim T M. Numerical study of a bio-centrifugal blood pump with straight impeller blade profiles. Artif Organs, 2010, 34(2): 98-104.
6. Takano T, Schulte-Eistrup S, Yoshikawa M, et al. Impeller design for a miniaturized centrifugal blood pump. Artif Organs, 2000, 24(10): 821-825.
7. Song Guoliang, Chua L P, Lim T M. Numerical study of a centrifugal blood pump with different impeller profiles. ASAIO J, 2010, 56(1): 24-29.
8. Li Yuan, Yu Jiachen, Wang Hongyu, et al. Investigation of the influence of blade configuration on the hemodynamic performance and blood damage of the centrifugal blood pump. Artif Organs, 2022, 46(9): 1817-1832.
9. 龚晓东, 杨树进, 刘祚时. 基于fluent离心式血泵内流场仿真与结构优化. 中国医学物理学杂志, 2022, 39(7): 913-918.
10. 汪毅渊, 周丽杰, 吴瑶, 等. 磁悬浮血泵流场分析与结构优化. 现代制造技术与装备, 2021, 57(1): 47-51.
11. Wiegmann L, Boës S, de Zélicourt D, et al. Blood pump design variations and their influence on hydraulic performance and indicators of hemocompatibility. Ann Biomed Eng, 2018, 46: 417-428.
12. Chua L P, Yu S C M, Leo H L, et al. Comparison of flow characteristics of enlarged blood pump models with different impeller design. Int Commun Heat Mass, 1999, 26(3): 369-378.
13. Yu Zheqin, Tan Jianping, Wang Shuai. Enhanced discrete phase model for multiphase flow simulation of blood flow with high shear stress. Sci Prog, 2021, 104(1): 1-21.
14. Melka B, Gracka M, Adamczyk W, et al. Multiphase simulation of blood flow within main thoracic arteries of 8-year-old child with coarctation of the aorta. Heat Mass Transfer, 2018, 54: 2405-2413.
15. Ou Chubin, Huang Wei, Yuen M M F, et al. Hemodynamic modeling of leukocyte and erythrocyte transport and interactions in intracranial aneurysms by a multiphase approach. J Biomech, 2016, 49(14): 3476-3484.
16. 王带领, 谭建平, 喻哲钦. 基于多相流的轴流血泵流场分析及溶血指数预测. 中南大学学报(自然科学版), 2018, 49(8): 1929-1935.
17. 吴华春, 彭斯捷. 基于CFD磁悬浮离心血泵多相流流场仿真研究. 风机技术, 2023, 65(1): 40-46.
18. Giersiepen M, Wurzinger L J, Opitz R, et al. Estimation of shear stress-related blood damage in heart valve prostheses-in vitro comparison of 25 aortic valves. Int J Artif Organs, 1990, 13(5): 300-306.
19. Bludszuweit C. Three-dimensional numerical prediction of stress loading of blood particles in a centrifugal pump. Artif Organs, 1995, 19(7): 590-596.
20. 云忠, 向闯, 蔡超, 等. 边界振动流场对单个红细胞损伤影响分析. 生物医学工程学杂志, 2016, 33(1): 78-82.
21. Behbahani M, Behr M, Hormes M, et al. A review of computational fluid dynamics analysis of blood pumps. Eur J Appl Math, 2009, 20(4): 363-397.
22. Wang Fangqun, Li Lan, Feng Zhigang, et al. Prediction of shear stress-related hemolysis in centrifugal blood pumps by computational fluid dynamics. Prog Nat Sci, 2005, 15(10): 951-955.
23. Peng Fang, Du Jianjun, Yu Shunzhou. Impeller (straight blade) design variations and their influence on the performance of a centrifugal blood pump. Int J Artif Organs, 2020, 43(12): 782-795.
24. Huang Bo, Guo Miao, Lu Bin, et al. Geometric optimization of an extracorporeal centrifugal blood pump with an unshrouded impeller concerning both hydraulic performance and shear stress. Processes, 2021, 9(7): 1211.
25. Yang Weibo, Zhou Jian, Xiao Weihu, et al. Effect of conical spiral flow channel and impeller parameters on flow field and hemolysis performance of an axial magnetic blood pump. Processes, 2022, 10(5): 853.
26. 阮晓东, 陈松松, 钱伟文, 等. 基于溶血性能的离心式旋转血泵设计. 中国生物医学工程学报, 2011, 30(3): 411-415.
27. 荆腾, 潘爱娣, 顾发东, 等. 主动脉穿刺型轴流血泵折边结构叶轮的数值模拟及溶血分析. 排灌机械工程学报, 2024, 42(2): 109-117.

Journal of Biomedical Engineering

Numerical study of the effect of geometrical parameters of straight impellers on the flow and hemolysis performance of centrifugal blood pumps

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