High stability enhanced ultrasonic microfluidic structure with flexible tip coupled bubbles_Journal of Biomedical Engineering

Authors：

LIU Yue ¹ , ZHOU Yuying ^2,3 , ZHANG Wenchang ³ ,  CHEN Shaohua ¹ ,  LIANG Shengfa ³

1. School of Instrumentation Science & Opto Electronics Engineering, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100101, P. R. China;
2. School of Integrated Circuits, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China;
3. Key Lab of Microelectronic Devices & Integrated Technology, Institute of Microelectronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, P. R. China;

Corresponding author：

CHEN Shaohua, Email: 20172056@bistu.edu.cn; LIANG Shengfa, Email: liangshengfa@ime.ac.cn

Keywords：

Ultrasonic microfluidic chip; Tip coupled bubble structure; Finite element analysis; Analysis of flow field disturbance characteristics

DOI：

10.7507/1001-5515.202401076

Video：

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Ultrasonic microfluidic technology is a technique that couples high-frequency ultrasonic excitation to microfluidic chips. To improve the issues of poor disturbance effects with flexible tip structures and the susceptibility of bubbles to thermal deformation, we propose an enhanced ultrasonic microchannel structure that couples flexible tips with bubbles aiming to improve the disturbance effects and the stability duration. Firstly, we used finite element analysis to simulate the flow field distribution characteristics of the flexible tip, the bubble, and the coupling structure and obtained the steady-state distribution characteristics of the velocity field. Next, we fabricated ultrasonic microfluidic chips based on these three structures, employing 2.8 μm polystyrene microspheres as tracers to analyze the disturbance characteristics of the flow field. Additionally, we analyzed the bubble size and growth rate within the adhering bubbles and coupling structures. Finally, we verified the applicability of the coupling structure for biological samples using human red blood cells (RBCs). Experimental results indicated that, compared to the flexible tip and adhering bubble structures, the flow field disturbance range of the coupling structure increased by 439.53% and 133.48%, respectively; the bubble growth rate reduced from 14.4% to 3.3%. The enhanced ultrasonic microfluidic structure proposed in this study shows great potential for widespread applications in micro-scale flow field disturbance and particle manipulation.

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1. 魏巍, 武瑞君, 桑晓冬, 等. 微流控技术研究的可视化分析. 生物医学工程学杂志, 2022, 39(3): 551-560.
2. 黄辉, 郑小林. 微流控免疫分析芯片的研究进展. 生物医学工程学杂志, 2007, 24(4): 928-931.
3. 卢斯媛, 蔡绍皙, 蒋稼欢. 微流控芯片在细胞微环境研究中的应用. 生物医学工程学杂志, 2010, 27(3): 675-679.
4. 李慧来, 杨逍, 吴晓松, 等. 多通道微流控芯片的设计、仿真及细胞迁移应用研究. 生物医学工程学杂志, 2022, 39(1): 128-138.
5. Tovar A R, Patel M V, Lee A P. Lateral air cavities for microfluidic pμmping with the use of acoustic energy. Microfluid Nanofluid, 2011, 10(6): 1269-1278.
6. Xue B, Bin S, Ziteng C, et al. Postoperative evaluation of tumours based on label-free acoustic separation of circulating tumour cells by microstreaming. Lab Chip, 2021, 21(14): 2721-2729.
7. Feng L, Nasir A Q, Runjia L, et al. Molding, patterning and driving liquids with light. Mater Today, 2021, 51: 48-55.
8. 张朦, 孟晓辰, 祝连庆. 结合光镊与微流控技术的红细胞变形性高通量检测及表征方法. 生物医学工程学杂志, 2020, 37(5): 848-854.
9. Mo Y, Lu Z, Rughoobur G, et al. Microfluidic electrochemistry for single-electron transfer redox-neutral reactions. Science, 2020, 368(6497): 1352-1357.
10. Xu W, Wu L L, Zhang Y, et al. A vapor based microfluidic flow regulator. Sensor Actuat B-Chem, 2009, 142(1): 355-361.
11. Gao Y, Wu M, Lin Y, et al. Acoustic bubble-based bidirectional micropμmp. Microfluid Nanofluid, 2020, 24(4): 29.
12. Reza M R, Maryam T. An ultra-rapid acoustic micromixer for synthesis of organic nanoparticles. Lab Chip, 2019, 19(19): 3316-3325.
13. Wei Z, Bin S, Xue B, et al. Versatile acoustic manipulation of micro-objects using mode-switchable oscillating bubbles: transportation, trapping, rotation, and revolution. Lab Chip, 2021, 21(24): 4760-4771.
14. Sun Lin, Lehnert T, Gijs M A M, et al. Polydimethylsiloxane microstructure-induced acoustic streaming for enhanced ultrasonic DNA fragmentation on a microfluidic chip. Lab Chip, 2022, 22(21): 4227-4237.
15. Li Yuyang, Liu Xiaoming, Huang Qiang, et al. Bubbles in microfluidics: an all-purpose tool for micromanipulation. Lab Chip, 2021, 21(6): 1016-1035.
16. Bertin N, Spelman T A, Combriat T, et al. Bubble-based acoustic micropropulsors: active surfaces and mixers. Lab Chip, 2017, 17(8): 1515-1528.
17. Huang P H, Xie Y, Ahmed D, et al. An acoustofluidic micromixer based on oscillating sidewall sharp-edges. Lab Chip, 2013, 13(19): 3847-3852.
18. Ahmed D, Ozcelik A, Bojanala N, et al. Rotational manipulation of single cells and organisms using acoustic waves. Nat Commun, 2016, 7: 11085.
19. Ozcelik A, Nama N, Huang P H, et al. Acoustofluidic rotational manipulation of cells and organisms using oscillating solid structures. Small, 2016, 12(37): 5120-5125.
20. Xie Y, Ahmed D, Lapsley M I, et al. Acoustofluidic relay: sequential trapping and transporting of microparticles via acoustically excited oscillating bubbles. J Lab Autom, 2014, 19(2): 137-143.
21. Huang P H, Chan C Y, Li P, et al. A spatiotemporally controllable chemical gradient generator via acoustically oscillating sharp-edge structures. Lab Chip, 2015, 15(21): 4166-4176.
22. Zhao S, He W, Ma Z, et al. Correction: On-chip stool liquefaction via acoustofluidics. Lab Chip, 2019, 19(6): 941-947.
23. Wang Z, Huang P H, Chen C, et al. Cell lysis via acoustically oscillating sharp edges. Lab Chip, 2019, 19(24): 4021-4032.
24. Huang P H, Liqiang R, Nitesh N, et al. An acoustofluidic sputμm liquefier. Lab Chip, 2015, 15(15): 3125-3131.
25. Huang P H, Chan C Y, Li P, et al. A sharp-edge-based acoustofluidic chemical signal generator. Lab Chip, 2018, 18(10): 1411-1421.
26. Tian C, Liu W, Zhao R, et al. Acoustofluidics-based enzymatic constant determination by rapid and stable in situ mixing. Sensor Actuat B-Chem, 2018, 272: 494-501.
27. Rayleigh L. The form of standing waves on the surface of running water. Proc Roy Soc London, 1883, 15(1): 69-78.
28. Wang C, Rallabandi B, Hilgenfeldt S. Frequency dependence and frequency control of microbubble streaming flows. Phys Fluids, 2013, 25(2): 022002.
29. Mikhail O, Jianbo Z, Satish Y. Acoustic streaming of a sharp edge. J Acoust Soc Am, 2014, 136(1): 22-29.
30. Gao Y, Wu M, Lin Y, et al. Trapping and control of bubbles in various microfluidic applications. Lab Chip, 2020, 20(24): 4512-4527.

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