黄晓琦,
Email: Julianahuang@163.com
不同的静息态功能磁共振成像数据分析法各有其特点。多学科交叉、多模态(包括脑结构)的纵向MRI研究,有助进一步阐明抑郁症的发病机制,为临床诊断、疗效评估和预后预测提供客观的影像学标记,为更有效抗抑郁药物的开发提供功能影像学依据。现对不同临床类型成年抑郁症的静息态脑功能磁共振成像研究进展及早期疗效的预测标记作一综述。
Citation: 王秀丽, 黄晓琦, 龚启勇. 抑郁症静息态脑功能磁共振成像研究进展. West China Medical Journal, 2015, 30(4): 773-778. doi: 10.7507/1002-0179.20150221 Copy
1. | Liu DQ, Yan CG, Ren JJ, et al. Using coherence to measure regional homogeneity of resting-state FMRI signal[J]. Front Syst Neurosci, 2010, 4:24. |
2. | Peng DH, Jiang KD, Fang YR, et al. Decreased regional homogeneity in major depression as revealed by resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging[J]. Chin Med J, 2011, 124(3):369-373. |
3. | Liu ZF, Xu C, Xu Y, et al. Decreased regional homogeneity in insula and cerebellum:a resting-state fMRI study in patients with major depression and subjects at high risk for major depression[J]. Psychiat Res Neuroim, 2010, 182(3):211-215. |
4. | Li HJ, Cao XH, Zhu XT, et al. Surface-based regional homogeneity in first-episode, drug-naive major depression:a resting-state FMRI study[J]. Biomed Res Int, 2014, 2014:374828. |
5. | Liu F, Hu MR, Wang SS, et al. Abnormal regional spontaneous neural activity in first-episode, treatment-naive patients with late-life depression:a resting-state fMRI study[J]. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry, 2012, 39(2):326-331. |
6. | Yue Y, Yuan Y, Hou Z, et al. Abnormal functional connectivity of amygdala in late-onset depression was associated with cognitive deficits[J]. PloS One, 2013, 8(9):e75058. |
7. | Zhang X, Zhu X, Wang X, et al. First-episode medication-naive major depressive disorder is associated with altered resting brain function in the affective network[J]. PloS One, 2014, 9(1):e85241. |
8. | Guo WB, Liu F, Xue ZM, et al. Abnormal neural activities in first-episode, treatment-naïve, short-illness-duration, and treatment-response patients with major depressive disorder:a resting-state fMRI study[J]. J Affect Disord, 2011, 135(1/3):326-331. |
9. | Cao X, Liu Z, Xu C, et al. Disrupted resting-state functional connectivity of the hippocampus in medication-naïve patients with major depressive disorder[J]. J Affect Disord, 2012, 141(2/3):194-203. |
10. | Bluhm R, Williamson P, Lanius R, et al. Resting state default-mode network connectivity in early depression using a seed region-of-interest analysis:decreased connectivity with caudate nucleus[J]. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci, 2009, 63(6):754-761. |
11. | Zhou Y, Yu C, Zheng H, et al. Increased neural resources recruitment in the intrinsic organization in major depression[J]. J Affect Disord, 2010, 121(3):220-230. |
12. | Zhu XE, Wang X, Xiao J, et al. Evidence of a dissociation pattern in resting-state default mode network connectivity in first-episode, treatment-naive major depression patients[J]. Biol Psychiatry, 2012, 71(7):611-617. |
13. | Zhang JR, Wang JH, Wu QZ, et al. Disrupted brain connectivity networks in drug-naive, first-episode major depressive disorder[J]. Biol Psychiatry, 2011, 70(4):334-342. |
14. | Liang MJ, Zhou Q, Yang KR, et al. Identify changes of brain regional homogeneity in bipolar disorder and unipolar depression using resting-state FMRI[J]. PloS One, 2013, 8(12):e79999. |
15. | Yao Z, Wang L, Lu Q, et al. Regional homogeneity in depression and its relationship with separate depressive symptom clusters:a resting-state fMRI study[J]. J Affect Disord, 2009, 115(3):430-438. |
16. | Kühn S, Gallinat J. Resting-state brain activity in schizophrenia and major depression:a quantitative meta-analysis[J]. Schizophr Bull, 2013, 39(2):358-365. |
17. | Anand A, Li Y, Wang Y, et al. Activity and connectivity of brain mood regulating circuit in depression:a functional magnetic resonance study[J]. Biol Psychiatry, 2005, 57(10):1079-1088. |
18. | Greicius MD, Flores BH, Menon V, et al. Resting state functional connectivity in major depression:abnormally increased contributions from subgenual cingulated cortex and thalamus[J]. Biol Psychiatry, 2007, 62(5):429-437. |
19. | Yi SE, Price JL, Yan, et al. Resting-state functional MRI in depression unmasks increased connectivity between networks via the dorsal nexus[J]. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 2010, 107(24):11020-11025. |
20. | Alalade E, Denny K, Potter G, et al. Altered cerebellar-cerebral functional connectivity in geriatric depression[J]. PLoS One, 2011, 6(5):e20035. |
21. | Liu L, Zeng LL, Li Y, et al. Altered cerebellar functional connectivity with intrinsic connectivity networks in adults with major depressive disorder[J]. PLoS One, 2012, 7(6):e39516. |
22. | Schmahmann JD, Sherman JC. The cerebellar cognitive affective syndrome[J]. Brain, 1997, 23(1/2):1581. |
23. | Parvizi J, Anderson SW, Martin CO, et al. Pathological laughter and crying:a link to the cerebellum[J]. Brain, 2001, 124(Pt 9):1708-1719. |
24. | Turner BM, Paradiso S, Marvel CL, et al. The cerebellum and emotional experience[J]. Neuropsychologia, 2007, 45(6):1331-1341. |
25. | Zeng LL, Shen H, Liu L, et al. Identifying major depression using whole-brain functional connectivity:a multivariate pattern analysis[J]. Brain, 2012, 135(Pt 5):1498-1507. |
26. | Hamilton JP, Chen G, Thomason ME, et al. Investigating neural primacy in major depressive disorder:multivariate Granger causality analysis of resting-state fMRI time-series data[J]. Mol Psychiatry, 2011, 16(7):763-772. |
27. | Petersen T, Gordon JA, Kant A, et al. Treatment resistant depression and Axis I co-morbidity[J]. Psychol Med, 2001, 31(7):1223-1229. |
28. | Wu QZ, Li DM, Kuang WH, et al. Abnormal regional spontaneous neural activity in treatment-refractory depression revealed by resting-state fMRI[J]. Hum Brain Mapp, 2011, 32(8):1290-1299. |
29. | Guo WB, Sun XL, Liu L, et al. Disrupted regional homogeneity in treatment-resistant depression:a resting-state fMRI study[J]. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry, 2011, 35(5):1297-1302. |
30. | Guo WB, Liu F, Chen JD, et al. Abnormal neural activity of brain regions in treatment-resistant and treatment-sensitive major depressive disorder:a resting-state fMRI study[J]. J Psychiatr Res, 2012, 46(10):1366-1373. |
31. | Guo WB, Liu F, Xue ZM, et al. Alterations of the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations in treatment-resistant and treatment-response depression:a resting-state fMRI study[J]. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry, 2012, 37(1):153-160. |
32. | Guo W, Liu F, Xue Z, et al. Abnormal resting-state cerebellar-cerebral functional connectivity in treatment-resistant depression and treatment sensitive depression[J]. Prog Neuro-Psychoph, 2013, 44:51-57. |
33. | Lui S, Wu QZ, Qiu LH, et al. Resting-State functional connectivity in Treatment-Resistant depression[J]. Am J Psychiatry, 2011, 168(6):642-648. |
34. | Yuan Y, Zhang Z, Bai F, et al. Abnormal neural activity in the patients with remitted geriatric depression:a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study[J]. J Affect Disord, 2008, 111(2/3):145-152. |
35. | Jing B, Liu CH, Ma X, et al. Difference in amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation between currently depressed and remitted females with major depressive disorder[J]. Brain Res, 2013, 1540:74-83. |
36. | Greicius MD, Supekar K, Menon VA. Resting-state functional connectivity reflects structural connectivity in the default mode network[J]. Cerebral Cortex, 2009, 19(1):72-78. |
37. | Kenny ER, O'brien JT, Cousins DA, et al. Functional connectivity in late-life depression using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging[J]. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry, 2010, 18(7):643-651. |
38. | Sexton CE, Allan CL, Le MM, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging in late-life depression:multimodal examination of network disruption MRI in late-life depression[J]. Arch Gen Psychiatry, 2012, 69(7):680-689. |
39. | Anand A, Li Y, Wang Y, et al. Antidepressant effect on connectivity of the mood-regulating circuit:an fMRI study[J]. Neuropsychopharmacology, 2005, 30(7):1334-1344. |
40. | Delaveau P, Jabourian M, Lemogne CA, et al. Brain effects of antidepressants in major depression:a meta-analysis of emotional processing studies[J]. J Affect Disord, 2011, 130(1/2):66-74. |
41. | Fu CH, Williams SC, Brammer MJ, et al. Neural responses to happy facial expressions in major depression following antidepressant treatment[J]. Am J Psychiatry, 2007, 164(4):599-607. |
42. | Lai CH, Wu YT. Frontal regional homogeneity increased and temporal regional homogeneity decreased after remission of first-episode drug-naïve major depressive disorder with panic disorder patients under duloxetine therapy for 6 weeks[J]. J Affect Disord, 2012, 136(3):453-458. |
43. | Anand A, Li Y, Wang Y, et al. Reciprocal effects of antidepressant treatment on activity and connectivity of the mood regulating circuit:an FMRI study[J]. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci, 2007, 19(3):274-282. |
44. | Baeken C, Marinazzo D, Wu GR, et al. Accelerated HF-rTMS in treatment-resistant unipolar depression:insights from subgenual anterior cingulate functional connectivity[J]. World J Biol Psychia, 2014, 15(4):286-297. |
45. | Mayberg HS. Modulating dysfunctional limbic-cortical circuits in depression:towards development of brain-based algorithms for diagnosis and optimised treatment[J]. Br Med Bull, 2003, 65(DOI:10.1093/bmb/ldg65.193):193-207. |
46. | Mayberg HS. Modulating limbic-cortical circuits in depression:targets of antidepressant treatments[J]. Semin Clin Neuropsychiatry, 2012, 7(4):255-268. |
47. | Chen CH, Suckling J, Ooi C, et al. Functional coupling of the amygdala in depressed patients treated with antidepressant medication[J]. Neuropsychoph, 2008, 33(8):1909-1918. |
48. | Greicius MD, Flores BH, Menon V, et al. Resting-state functional connectivity in major depression:abnormally increased contributions from subgenual cingulate cortex and thalamus[J]. Biol Psychiat, 2007, 62(5):429-437. |
49. | Wu M, Andreescu C, Butters MA, et al. Default-mode network connectivity and white matter burden in late-life depression[J]. Psychiatry Res, 2011, 194(1):39-46. |
50. | Mccabe C, Mishor Z. Antidepressant medications reduce subcortical-cortical resting-state functional connectivity in healthy volunteers[J]. Neuroimage, 2011, 57(4):1317-1323. |
51. | Perrin JS, Merz S, Bennett DM, et al. Electroconvulsive therapy reduces frontal cortical connectivity in severe depressive disorder[J]. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 2012, 109(14):5464-5468. |
52. | Trivedi MH, Rush AJ, Wisniewski SR, et al. Evaluation of outcomes with citalopram for depression using measurement-based care in STAR*D:implications for clinical practice[J]. Am J Psychiatry, 2006, 163(1):28-40. |
53. | Leuchter AF, Cook IA, Hunter AM, et al. A new paradigm for the prediction of antidepressant treatment response[J]. Dialogues Clin Neurosci, 2009, 11(4):435-446. |
54. | Pizzagalli DA. Frontocingulate dysfunction in depression:toward biomarkers of treatment response[J]. Neuropsychopharmacology, 2011, 36(1):183-206. |
55. | Lisiecka D, Meisenzahl E, Scheuerecker JA, et al. Neural correlates of treatment outcome in major depression[J]. Int J Neuropsychoph, 2011, 14(4):521-534. |
56. | Korb AS, Hunter AM, Cook IA, et al. Rostral anterior cingulate cortex activity and early symptom improvement during treatment for major depressive disorder[J]. Psychiatry Res, 2011, 192(3):188-194. |
57. | Szegedi A, Müller MJ, Anghelescu I, et al. Early improvement under mirtazapine and paroxetine predicts later stable response and remission with high sensitivity in patients with major depression[J]. J Clin Psychiatry, 2003, 64(4):413-420. |
58. | Szegedi A, Jansen WT, Van Willigenburg AP, et al. Early improvement in the first 2 weeks as a predictor of treatment outcome in patients with major depressive disorder:a meta-analysis including 6562 patients[J]. J Clin Psychiat, 2009, 70(3):344-353. |
59. | Katz MM, Tekell JL, Bowden CL, et al. Onset and early behavioral effects of pharmacologically different antidepressants and placebo in depression[J]. Neuropsychopharmacology, 2004, 29(3):566-579. |
60. | Papakostas GI, Petersen T, Sklarsky KG, et al. Timing of clinical improvement and symptom resolution in the treatment of major depressive disorder[J]. Psychiatry Res, 2007, 149(1/2/3):195-200. |
61. | Stassen HH, Angst J, Hell D, et al. Is there a common resilience mechanism underlying antidepressant drug response? Evidence from 2848 patients[J]. J Clinl Psychiat, 2007, 68(8):1195-1205. |
62. | Nierenberg AA, Mclean NE, Alpert JE, et al. Early nonresponse to fluoxetine as a predictor of poor 8-week outcome[J]. Am J Psychiat, 1995, 152(10):1500-1503. |
63. | Yi SE. Neuroimaging studies of mood disorder effects on the brain[J]. Biol Psychiatry, 2003, 54(3):338-352. |
64. | Drevets WC, Price JL, Simpson JR, et al. Subgenual prefrontal cortex abnormalities in mood disorders[J]. Nature, 1997, 386(6627):824-827. |
65. | Mayberg HS, Lozano AM, Voon V, et al. Deep brain stimulation for treatment-resistant depression[J]. Neuron, 2005, 45(5):651-660. |
66. | Phillips ML, Drevets WC, Rauch SL, et al. Neurobiology of emotion perception I:the neural basis of normal emotion perception[J]. Biol Psychiatry, 2003, 54(5):504-514. |
67. | Beauregard M, Paquette V, Levesque J. Dysfunction in the neural circuitry of emotional self-regulation in major depressive disorder[J]. Neuroreport, 2006, 17(8):843-846. |
68. | Morcom AM, Fletcher PC. Does the brain have a baseline? Why we should be resisting a rest[J]. Neuroimage, 2007, 37(4):1073-1082. |
- 1. Liu DQ, Yan CG, Ren JJ, et al. Using coherence to measure regional homogeneity of resting-state FMRI signal[J]. Front Syst Neurosci, 2010, 4:24.
- 2. Peng DH, Jiang KD, Fang YR, et al. Decreased regional homogeneity in major depression as revealed by resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging[J]. Chin Med J, 2011, 124(3):369-373.
- 3. Liu ZF, Xu C, Xu Y, et al. Decreased regional homogeneity in insula and cerebellum:a resting-state fMRI study in patients with major depression and subjects at high risk for major depression[J]. Psychiat Res Neuroim, 2010, 182(3):211-215.
- 4. Li HJ, Cao XH, Zhu XT, et al. Surface-based regional homogeneity in first-episode, drug-naive major depression:a resting-state FMRI study[J]. Biomed Res Int, 2014, 2014:374828.
- 5. Liu F, Hu MR, Wang SS, et al. Abnormal regional spontaneous neural activity in first-episode, treatment-naive patients with late-life depression:a resting-state fMRI study[J]. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry, 2012, 39(2):326-331.
- 6. Yue Y, Yuan Y, Hou Z, et al. Abnormal functional connectivity of amygdala in late-onset depression was associated with cognitive deficits[J]. PloS One, 2013, 8(9):e75058.
- 7. Zhang X, Zhu X, Wang X, et al. First-episode medication-naive major depressive disorder is associated with altered resting brain function in the affective network[J]. PloS One, 2014, 9(1):e85241.
- 8. Guo WB, Liu F, Xue ZM, et al. Abnormal neural activities in first-episode, treatment-naïve, short-illness-duration, and treatment-response patients with major depressive disorder:a resting-state fMRI study[J]. J Affect Disord, 2011, 135(1/3):326-331.
- 9. Cao X, Liu Z, Xu C, et al. Disrupted resting-state functional connectivity of the hippocampus in medication-naïve patients with major depressive disorder[J]. J Affect Disord, 2012, 141(2/3):194-203.
- 10. Bluhm R, Williamson P, Lanius R, et al. Resting state default-mode network connectivity in early depression using a seed region-of-interest analysis:decreased connectivity with caudate nucleus[J]. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci, 2009, 63(6):754-761.
- 11. Zhou Y, Yu C, Zheng H, et al. Increased neural resources recruitment in the intrinsic organization in major depression[J]. J Affect Disord, 2010, 121(3):220-230.
- 12. Zhu XE, Wang X, Xiao J, et al. Evidence of a dissociation pattern in resting-state default mode network connectivity in first-episode, treatment-naive major depression patients[J]. Biol Psychiatry, 2012, 71(7):611-617.
- 13. Zhang JR, Wang JH, Wu QZ, et al. Disrupted brain connectivity networks in drug-naive, first-episode major depressive disorder[J]. Biol Psychiatry, 2011, 70(4):334-342.
- 14. Liang MJ, Zhou Q, Yang KR, et al. Identify changes of brain regional homogeneity in bipolar disorder and unipolar depression using resting-state FMRI[J]. PloS One, 2013, 8(12):e79999.
- 15. Yao Z, Wang L, Lu Q, et al. Regional homogeneity in depression and its relationship with separate depressive symptom clusters:a resting-state fMRI study[J]. J Affect Disord, 2009, 115(3):430-438.
- 16. Kühn S, Gallinat J. Resting-state brain activity in schizophrenia and major depression:a quantitative meta-analysis[J]. Schizophr Bull, 2013, 39(2):358-365.
- 17. Anand A, Li Y, Wang Y, et al. Activity and connectivity of brain mood regulating circuit in depression:a functional magnetic resonance study[J]. Biol Psychiatry, 2005, 57(10):1079-1088.
- 18. Greicius MD, Flores BH, Menon V, et al. Resting state functional connectivity in major depression:abnormally increased contributions from subgenual cingulated cortex and thalamus[J]. Biol Psychiatry, 2007, 62(5):429-437.
- 19. Yi SE, Price JL, Yan, et al. Resting-state functional MRI in depression unmasks increased connectivity between networks via the dorsal nexus[J]. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 2010, 107(24):11020-11025.
- 20. Alalade E, Denny K, Potter G, et al. Altered cerebellar-cerebral functional connectivity in geriatric depression[J]. PLoS One, 2011, 6(5):e20035.
- 21. Liu L, Zeng LL, Li Y, et al. Altered cerebellar functional connectivity with intrinsic connectivity networks in adults with major depressive disorder[J]. PLoS One, 2012, 7(6):e39516.
- 22. Schmahmann JD, Sherman JC. The cerebellar cognitive affective syndrome[J]. Brain, 1997, 23(1/2):1581.
- 23. Parvizi J, Anderson SW, Martin CO, et al. Pathological laughter and crying:a link to the cerebellum[J]. Brain, 2001, 124(Pt 9):1708-1719.
- 24. Turner BM, Paradiso S, Marvel CL, et al. The cerebellum and emotional experience[J]. Neuropsychologia, 2007, 45(6):1331-1341.
- 25. Zeng LL, Shen H, Liu L, et al. Identifying major depression using whole-brain functional connectivity:a multivariate pattern analysis[J]. Brain, 2012, 135(Pt 5):1498-1507.
- 26. Hamilton JP, Chen G, Thomason ME, et al. Investigating neural primacy in major depressive disorder:multivariate Granger causality analysis of resting-state fMRI time-series data[J]. Mol Psychiatry, 2011, 16(7):763-772.
- 27. Petersen T, Gordon JA, Kant A, et al. Treatment resistant depression and Axis I co-morbidity[J]. Psychol Med, 2001, 31(7):1223-1229.
- 28. Wu QZ, Li DM, Kuang WH, et al. Abnormal regional spontaneous neural activity in treatment-refractory depression revealed by resting-state fMRI[J]. Hum Brain Mapp, 2011, 32(8):1290-1299.
- 29. Guo WB, Sun XL, Liu L, et al. Disrupted regional homogeneity in treatment-resistant depression:a resting-state fMRI study[J]. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry, 2011, 35(5):1297-1302.
- 30. Guo WB, Liu F, Chen JD, et al. Abnormal neural activity of brain regions in treatment-resistant and treatment-sensitive major depressive disorder:a resting-state fMRI study[J]. J Psychiatr Res, 2012, 46(10):1366-1373.
- 31. Guo WB, Liu F, Xue ZM, et al. Alterations of the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations in treatment-resistant and treatment-response depression:a resting-state fMRI study[J]. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry, 2012, 37(1):153-160.
- 32. Guo W, Liu F, Xue Z, et al. Abnormal resting-state cerebellar-cerebral functional connectivity in treatment-resistant depression and treatment sensitive depression[J]. Prog Neuro-Psychoph, 2013, 44:51-57.
- 33. Lui S, Wu QZ, Qiu LH, et al. Resting-State functional connectivity in Treatment-Resistant depression[J]. Am J Psychiatry, 2011, 168(6):642-648.
- 34. Yuan Y, Zhang Z, Bai F, et al. Abnormal neural activity in the patients with remitted geriatric depression:a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study[J]. J Affect Disord, 2008, 111(2/3):145-152.
- 35. Jing B, Liu CH, Ma X, et al. Difference in amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation between currently depressed and remitted females with major depressive disorder[J]. Brain Res, 2013, 1540:74-83.
- 36. Greicius MD, Supekar K, Menon VA. Resting-state functional connectivity reflects structural connectivity in the default mode network[J]. Cerebral Cortex, 2009, 19(1):72-78.
- 37. Kenny ER, O'brien JT, Cousins DA, et al. Functional connectivity in late-life depression using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging[J]. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry, 2010, 18(7):643-651.
- 38. Sexton CE, Allan CL, Le MM, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging in late-life depression:multimodal examination of network disruption MRI in late-life depression[J]. Arch Gen Psychiatry, 2012, 69(7):680-689.
- 39. Anand A, Li Y, Wang Y, et al. Antidepressant effect on connectivity of the mood-regulating circuit:an fMRI study[J]. Neuropsychopharmacology, 2005, 30(7):1334-1344.
- 40. Delaveau P, Jabourian M, Lemogne CA, et al. Brain effects of antidepressants in major depression:a meta-analysis of emotional processing studies[J]. J Affect Disord, 2011, 130(1/2):66-74.
- 41. Fu CH, Williams SC, Brammer MJ, et al. Neural responses to happy facial expressions in major depression following antidepressant treatment[J]. Am J Psychiatry, 2007, 164(4):599-607.
- 42. Lai CH, Wu YT. Frontal regional homogeneity increased and temporal regional homogeneity decreased after remission of first-episode drug-naïve major depressive disorder with panic disorder patients under duloxetine therapy for 6 weeks[J]. J Affect Disord, 2012, 136(3):453-458.
- 43. Anand A, Li Y, Wang Y, et al. Reciprocal effects of antidepressant treatment on activity and connectivity of the mood regulating circuit:an FMRI study[J]. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci, 2007, 19(3):274-282.
- 44. Baeken C, Marinazzo D, Wu GR, et al. Accelerated HF-rTMS in treatment-resistant unipolar depression:insights from subgenual anterior cingulate functional connectivity[J]. World J Biol Psychia, 2014, 15(4):286-297.
- 45. Mayberg HS. Modulating dysfunctional limbic-cortical circuits in depression:towards development of brain-based algorithms for diagnosis and optimised treatment[J]. Br Med Bull, 2003, 65(DOI:10.1093/bmb/ldg65.193):193-207.
- 46. Mayberg HS. Modulating limbic-cortical circuits in depression:targets of antidepressant treatments[J]. Semin Clin Neuropsychiatry, 2012, 7(4):255-268.
- 47. Chen CH, Suckling J, Ooi C, et al. Functional coupling of the amygdala in depressed patients treated with antidepressant medication[J]. Neuropsychoph, 2008, 33(8):1909-1918.
- 48. Greicius MD, Flores BH, Menon V, et al. Resting-state functional connectivity in major depression:abnormally increased contributions from subgenual cingulate cortex and thalamus[J]. Biol Psychiat, 2007, 62(5):429-437.
- 49. Wu M, Andreescu C, Butters MA, et al. Default-mode network connectivity and white matter burden in late-life depression[J]. Psychiatry Res, 2011, 194(1):39-46.
- 50. Mccabe C, Mishor Z. Antidepressant medications reduce subcortical-cortical resting-state functional connectivity in healthy volunteers[J]. Neuroimage, 2011, 57(4):1317-1323.
- 51. Perrin JS, Merz S, Bennett DM, et al. Electroconvulsive therapy reduces frontal cortical connectivity in severe depressive disorder[J]. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 2012, 109(14):5464-5468.
- 52. Trivedi MH, Rush AJ, Wisniewski SR, et al. Evaluation of outcomes with citalopram for depression using measurement-based care in STAR*D:implications for clinical practice[J]. Am J Psychiatry, 2006, 163(1):28-40.
- 53. Leuchter AF, Cook IA, Hunter AM, et al. A new paradigm for the prediction of antidepressant treatment response[J]. Dialogues Clin Neurosci, 2009, 11(4):435-446.
- 54. Pizzagalli DA. Frontocingulate dysfunction in depression:toward biomarkers of treatment response[J]. Neuropsychopharmacology, 2011, 36(1):183-206.
- 55. Lisiecka D, Meisenzahl E, Scheuerecker JA, et al. Neural correlates of treatment outcome in major depression[J]. Int J Neuropsychoph, 2011, 14(4):521-534.
- 56. Korb AS, Hunter AM, Cook IA, et al. Rostral anterior cingulate cortex activity and early symptom improvement during treatment for major depressive disorder[J]. Psychiatry Res, 2011, 192(3):188-194.
- 57. Szegedi A, Müller MJ, Anghelescu I, et al. Early improvement under mirtazapine and paroxetine predicts later stable response and remission with high sensitivity in patients with major depression[J]. J Clin Psychiatry, 2003, 64(4):413-420.
- 58. Szegedi A, Jansen WT, Van Willigenburg AP, et al. Early improvement in the first 2 weeks as a predictor of treatment outcome in patients with major depressive disorder:a meta-analysis including 6562 patients[J]. J Clin Psychiat, 2009, 70(3):344-353.
- 59. Katz MM, Tekell JL, Bowden CL, et al. Onset and early behavioral effects of pharmacologically different antidepressants and placebo in depression[J]. Neuropsychopharmacology, 2004, 29(3):566-579.
- 60. Papakostas GI, Petersen T, Sklarsky KG, et al. Timing of clinical improvement and symptom resolution in the treatment of major depressive disorder[J]. Psychiatry Res, 2007, 149(1/2/3):195-200.
- 61. Stassen HH, Angst J, Hell D, et al. Is there a common resilience mechanism underlying antidepressant drug response? Evidence from 2848 patients[J]. J Clinl Psychiat, 2007, 68(8):1195-1205.
- 62. Nierenberg AA, Mclean NE, Alpert JE, et al. Early nonresponse to fluoxetine as a predictor of poor 8-week outcome[J]. Am J Psychiat, 1995, 152(10):1500-1503.
- 63. Yi SE. Neuroimaging studies of mood disorder effects on the brain[J]. Biol Psychiatry, 2003, 54(3):338-352.
- 64. Drevets WC, Price JL, Simpson JR, et al. Subgenual prefrontal cortex abnormalities in mood disorders[J]. Nature, 1997, 386(6627):824-827.
- 65. Mayberg HS, Lozano AM, Voon V, et al. Deep brain stimulation for treatment-resistant depression[J]. Neuron, 2005, 45(5):651-660.
- 66. Phillips ML, Drevets WC, Rauch SL, et al. Neurobiology of emotion perception I:the neural basis of normal emotion perception[J]. Biol Psychiatry, 2003, 54(5):504-514.
- 67. Beauregard M, Paquette V, Levesque J. Dysfunction in the neural circuitry of emotional self-regulation in major depressive disorder[J]. Neuroreport, 2006, 17(8):843-846.
- 68. Morcom AM, Fletcher PC. Does the brain have a baseline? Why we should be resisting a rest[J]. Neuroimage, 2007, 37(4):1073-1082.
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