Experimental Study of <i>in vivo</i> Degradation, Absorption and Osteogenesis of Injected Absorbable Polyamine Acid/Calcium Sulfate Composites_West China Medical Journal

Authors：

 LUOYi ¹ , ZOUChang ¹ , ZHANGShuai ² , ZHOUYong ¹ , MINLi ¹ , ZHANGWen-li ¹ , SHIRui ¹ , DUANHong ¹ ,  TUChong-qi ¹

1. Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P. R. China;
2. Department of Orthopedics, Southwest Hospital, the Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, P. R. China;

Corresponding author：

TUChong-qi, Email: tuchongqi@163.com

Keywords：

Polyamine acid; Calcium sulfate; Composite materials; Artificial bone; Osteogenesis; Experimental research

DOI：

10.7507/1002-0179.20150639

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Objective To observe the ability of osteogenesis in vivo using the injected absorbable polyamine acid/calcium sulfate (PAA/CS) composites and assess their ability to repair bone defects. Method We selected 48 New Zealand white rabbits, and half of them were male with a weight between 2.0 and 2.5 kg. Bone defect models were made at the rabbit femoral condyle using electric drill, and the rabbits were divided into two groups. One group accepted implantation of the material at the defect, while nothing was done for the control group. After four, eight, twelve and sixteen weeks, the animals were killed. The line X-ray and hard tissue slices histological examination (HE, MASSON staining) were observed to assess the situation of degradation, absorption and bone formation of the material. Results Four weeks after operation, bone defect of the experimental group had no obvious callus growth on X-ray imaging. Histology showed that the material began to degrade and new immature trabecular bone grew. The bone defect of the experimental group had a small amount of callus growth on X-ray imaging after eight weeks. And histology showed that the material continued to degrade and new immature trabecular bone grew continually. There was an obvious callus growth after twelve weeks, and the bone defect area had smaller residual low-density shadow on X-ray imaging. Histology showed that most of the materials degraded and parts of woven bone grew into lamellar bone. After sixteen weeks, the composites were absorbed completely, replaced by new bone tissues, and the new bone was gradually changed from woven bone into mature plate of bone. There was no significant change in bone defect in the control group within twelve weeks, and part of bone defect hole became smaller, and partial edge repair could be detected. Conclusions The PAA/CS composites can be completely degraded and absorbed, with a certain activity of bone formation, expected to be used as bone repair materials.

Citation： LUOYi, ZOUChang, ZHANGShuai, ZHOUYong, MINLi, ZHANGWen-li, SHIRui, DUANHong, TUChong-qi. Experimental Study of in vivo Degradation, Absorption and Osteogenesis of Injected Absorbable Polyamine Acid/Calcium Sulfate Composites. West China Medical Journal, 2015, 30(12): 2224-2228. doi: 10.7507/1002-0179.20150639 Copy

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14.	杨雷, 李彬, 杨立利, 等. 应用微创可注射型植骨材料结合内固定治疗胫骨平台骨折[J]. 中华外科杂志, 2006, 44(16): 1122-1124.
15.	Alexander DI, Manson NA, Mitchell MJ. Efficacy of calcium sulfate plus decompression bone in lumbar and lumbosacral spinal fusion:preliminary results in 40 patients[J]. Can J Surg, 2001, 44(4):262-266.
16.	Chang KY, Cheng LW, Ho GH, et al. Fabrication and characterization of poly (gamma-glutamic acid)-graft -chondroitin sulfate/polycaprolactone porous scaffolds for cartilage tissue engineering[J]. Acta Biomater, 2009, 5(6): 1937-1947.
17.	Lee CT, Huang CP, Lee YD. Biomimetic porous scaffolds made from poly (L-lactide)-g-chondroitin sulfate blend with poly (L-lactide) for cartilage tissue engineering[J]. Biomacromolecules, 2006, 7(7):2200-2209.
18.	Bell WH. Resorption characteristics of bone and bone substitutes[J].Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol, 1964(17): 650-657.
19.	Nilsson M, Wang JS, Wielanek L, et al. Biodegradation and biocompatability of a calcium sulphate-hydroxyapatite bone substitute[J]. J Bone Joint Surg Br, 2004, 86(1): 120-125.
20.	Turner TM, Urban RM, Gitelis S, et al. Resorption evaluation of a large bolus of calcium sulfate in a canine medullary defect[J].Orthopedics, 2003, 26(5 Suppl): s577-s579.
21.	Stubbs D, Deakin M, Chapman-Sheath P, et al. In vivo evaluation of resorbable bone graft substitutes in a rabbit tibial defect model[J].Biomaterials, 2004, 25(20): 5037-5044.
22.	Zielak JC, Mathias AL, Da Silva R, et al. Oral tissue response to ovine grafting biomaterial: morphological and morphometric study using scanning electron and light microscopy tissue response to ovine grafting biomaterial[J]. Microsc Res Tech, 2012, 75(10):1395-1401.

1. 蒋俊威, 王剑, 黄富国, 等. 成人双腓骨游离移植修复股骨远端大骨缺损[J]. 中国修复重建外科杂志, 2004, 18(5): 370-372.
2. Duan H, Zhang B, Yang HS, et al. Functional outcome of en bloc resection and osteoarticular allograft reconstruction with locking compression plate for giant cell tumor of the distal radius[J].J Orthop Sci, 2013, 18(4): 599-604.
3. Ieguchi M, Hoshi M, Aono M, et al. Knee Reconstruction with endoprosthesis after extra-articular and intra-articular resection of osteosarcoma[J]. Jpn J Clin Oncol, 2014, 44(9): 812-817.
4. Zhu W, Guo D, Chen Y, et al. Cytocompatibility of PLA/Nano-HA composites for interface fixation[J]. Artif Cells Nanomed Biotechnol, 2015, 13: 1-5.
5. Temenoff JS, Mikos AG. Injectable biodegradable materials for orthopedic tissue engineering[J]. Biomaterials, 2000, 21(23):2405-2412.
6. Khan SN, Cammisa FP, Sandhu HS, et al. The biology of bone grafting[J]. J Am Acad Orthop Surg, 2005, 13(1): 77-86.
7. Chiang CH, Yeh MK. Contribution of poly (amino acids) to advances in pharmaceutical biotechnology[J]. Curr Pharm Biotechnol, 2003, 4(5): 323-330.
8. Thomas MV, Puleo DA. Calcium sulfate: properties and clinical applications[J]. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater, 2009, 88(2):597-610.
9. Yang X, Li Y, Huang Q, et al. Evaluation of a biodegradable graft substitute in rabbit bone defect model[J]. Indian J Orthop, 2012,46(3): 266-273.
10. Su B, Peng XH, Jiang D, et al. In vitro and in vivo evaluations of nano-hydroxyapatite/polyamide 66/glass fibre (n-HA/PA66/GF) as a novel bioactive bone screw[J]. PLoS One, 2013, 8(7): e68342.
11. Qi X, Li H, Qiao B, et al. Development and characterization of an injectable cement of nano calcium-deficient hydroxyapatite/multi (amino acid) copolymer/calcium sulfate hemihydrate for bone repair[J]. Int J Nanomedicine, 2013, 8(8): 4441-4452.
12. Banwart JC, Asher MA, Hassanein RS. Iliac crest bone graft harvest donor site morbidity. A statistical evaluation[J]. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 1995, 20(9): 1055-1060.
13. Chouzouri G, Xanthos M. In vitro bioactivity and degradation of polycaprolactone composites containing silicate fillers[J]. Acta Biomater, 2007, 3(5): 745-756.
14. 杨雷, 李彬, 杨立利, 等. 应用微创可注射型植骨材料结合内固定治疗胫骨平台骨折[J]. 中华外科杂志, 2006, 44(16): 1122-1124.
15. Alexander DI, Manson NA, Mitchell MJ. Efficacy of calcium sulfate plus decompression bone in lumbar and lumbosacral spinal fusion:preliminary results in 40 patients[J]. Can J Surg, 2001, 44(4):262-266.
16. Chang KY, Cheng LW, Ho GH, et al. Fabrication and characterization of poly (gamma-glutamic acid)-graft -chondroitin sulfate/polycaprolactone porous scaffolds for cartilage tissue engineering[J]. Acta Biomater, 2009, 5(6): 1937-1947.
17. Lee CT, Huang CP, Lee YD. Biomimetic porous scaffolds made from poly (L-lactide)-g-chondroitin sulfate blend with poly (L-lactide) for cartilage tissue engineering[J]. Biomacromolecules, 2006, 7(7):2200-2209.
18. Bell WH. Resorption characteristics of bone and bone substitutes[J].Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol, 1964(17): 650-657.
19. Nilsson M, Wang JS, Wielanek L, et al. Biodegradation and biocompatability of a calcium sulphate-hydroxyapatite bone substitute[J]. J Bone Joint Surg Br, 2004, 86(1): 120-125.
20. Turner TM, Urban RM, Gitelis S, et al. Resorption evaluation of a large bolus of calcium sulfate in a canine medullary defect[J].Orthopedics, 2003, 26(5 Suppl): s577-s579.
21. Stubbs D, Deakin M, Chapman-Sheath P, et al. In vivo evaluation of resorbable bone graft substitutes in a rabbit tibial defect model[J].Biomaterials, 2004, 25(20): 5037-5044.
22. Zielak JC, Mathias AL, Da Silva R, et al. Oral tissue response to ovine grafting biomaterial: morphological and morphometric study using scanning electron and light microscopy tissue response to ovine grafting biomaterial[J]. Microsc Res Tech, 2012, 75(10):1395-1401.

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West China Medical Journal

Experimental Study of in vivo Degradation, Absorption and Osteogenesis of Injected Absorbable Polyamine Acid/Calcium Sulfate Composites

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