1. |
Wu SM, Wu B, Liu M, et al. Stroke in China: advances and challenges in epidemiology, prevention, and management. Lancet Neurol, 2019, 18(4): 394-405.
|
2. |
Wang Y, Liao X, Zhao X, et al. Using recombinant tissue plasminogen activator to treat acute ischemic stroke in China: analysis of the results from the Chinese National Stroke Registry (CNSR). Stroke, 2011, 42(6): 1658-1664.
|
3. |
王璐, 畅雪丽, 袁若圳, 等. 重症脑梗死临床特点及相关影响因素研究. 华西医学, 2018, 33(6): 665-672.
|
4. |
Kimberly WT, Sheth KN. Approach to severe hemispheric stroke. Neurology, 2011, 76(7, 2): S50-S56.
|
5. |
Vahedi K, Hofmeijer J, Juettler E, et al. Early decompressive surgery in malignant infarction of the middle cerebral artery: a pooled analysis of three randomised controlled trials. Lancet Neurol, 2007, 6(3): 215-222.
|
6. |
Wahlgren N, Ahmed N, Davalos A, et al. Thrombolysis with alteplase for acute ischaemic stroke in the Safe implementation of Thrombolysis in Stroke-Monitoring Study (SITS-MOST): an observational study. Lancet, 2007, 369(9558): 275-282.
|
7. |
中华医学会神经病学分会, 中华医学会神经病学分会脑血管病学组. 中国重症脑血管病管理共识 2015. 中华神经科杂志, 2016, 49(3): 192-202.
|
8. |
中华医学会神经病学分会神经重症协作组, 中国医师协会神经内科医师分会神经重症专委会. 大脑半球大面积梗死监护与治疗中国专家共识. 中华医学杂志, 2017, 97(9): 645-652.
|
9. |
中华医学会神经病学分会, 中华医学会神经病学分会脑血管病学组. 中国急性缺血性脑卒中诊治指南 2018. 中华神经科杂志, 2018, 51(9): 666-682.
|
10. |
中华医学会神经病学分会, 中华医学会神经病学分会脑血管病学组. 中国急性脑梗死后出血转化诊治共识 2019. 中华神经科杂志, 2019, 52(4): 252-265.
|
11. |
周红青, 刘鸣. 大面积脑梗死的研究进展. 实用医院临床杂志, 2013, 10(3): 9-12.
|
12. |
Hacke W, Schwab S, Horn M, et al. ‘Malignant’ middle cerebral artery territory infarction: clinical course and prognostic signs. Arch Neurol, 1996, 53(4): 309-315.
|
13. |
Frank JI, Schumm LP, Wroblewski KA, et al. Hemicraniectomy and durotomy upon deterioration from infarction-related swelling trial randomized pilot clinical trial. Stroke, 2014, 45(3): 781-787.
|
14. |
Hofmeijer J, Kappelle LJ, Algra A, et al. Surgical decompression for space-occupying cerebral infarction (the Hemicraniectomy after Middle Cerebral Artery infarction with Life-threatening Edema Trial [Hamlet]): a multicentre, open, randomised trial. Lancet Neurol, 2009, 8(4): 326-333.
|
15. |
Jüttler E, Unterberg A, Woitzik J, et al. Hemicraniectomy in older patients with extensive middle-cerebral-artery stroke. N Engl J Med, 2014, 370(12): 1091-1100.
|
16. |
Vahedi K, Vicaut E, Mateo J, et al. Sequential-design, multicenter, randomized, controlled trial of early decompressive craniectomy in malignant middle cerebral artery infarction (Decimal Trial). Stroke, 2007, 38(9): 2506-2517.
|
17. |
Kirkman MA, Citerio G, Smith M. The intensive care management of acute ischemic stroke: an overview. Intensive Care Med, 2014, 40(5): 640-653.
|
18. |
Huttner HB, Schwab S. Malignant middle cerebral artery infarction: clinical characteristics, treatment strategies, and future perspectives. Lancet Neurol, 2009, 8(10): 949-958.
|
19. |
Wu S, Yuan R, Wang Y, et al. Early prediction of malignant brain edema after ischemic stroke. Stroke, 2018, 49(12): 2918-2927.
|
20. |
Wijdicks EF, Sheth KN, Carter BS, et al. Recommendations for the management of cerebral and cerebellar infarction with swelling: a statement for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke, 2014, 45(4): 1222-1238.
|
21. |
Bang OY, Lee JS, Lee PH, et al. Autologous mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in stroke patients. Ann Neurol, 2005, 57(6): 874-882.
|
22. |
Demaerschalk BM, Kleindorfer DO, Adeoye OM, et al. Scientific rationale for the inclusion and exclusion criteria for intravenous alteplase in acute ischemic stroke: a statement for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke, 2016, 47(2): 581-641.
|
23. |
Adams HP Jr, Davis PH, Leira EC, et al. Baseline NIH Stroke Scale Score strongly predicts outcome after stroke: a report of the trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment (TOAST). Neurology, 1999, 53(1): 126-131.
|
24. |
Wu S, Yuan R, Xiong Y, et al. Clinical features, management and outcomes of severe ischaemic stroke in tertiary hospitals in China: protocol for a prospective multicentre registry-based observational study. BMJ Open, 2018, 8(10): e024900.
|
25. |
Sandercock P, Wardlaw JM, Lindley RI, et al. The benefits and harms of intravenous thrombolysis with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator within 6 h of acute ischaemic stroke (the Third International Stroke Trial [Ist-3]): a randomised controlled trial. Lancet, 2012, 379(9834): 2352-2363.
|
26. |
Li J, Wang D, Tao W, et al. Early consciousness disorder in acute ischemic stroke: incidence, risk factors and outcome. BMC Neurol, 2016, 16(1): 140.
|
27. |
Li J, Zhang P, Wu S, et al. Factors associated with favourable outcome in large hemispheric infarctions. BMC Neurol, 2018, 18(1): 152.
|
28. |
Juttler E, Schwab S, Schmiedek P, et al. Decompressive surgery for the treatment of malignant infarction of the middle cerebral artery (Destiny): a randomized,controlled trial. Stroke, 2007, 38(9): 2518-2525.
|
29. |
Kudo H, Kawaguchi T, Minami H, et al. Controversy of surgical treatment for severe cerebellar infarction. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis, 2007, 16(6): 259-262.
|
30. |
Qureshi A, Suarez J, Yahia A, et al. Timing of neurologic deterioration in massive middle cerebral artery infarction: a multicenter review. Crit Care Med, 2003, 31(1): 272-277.
|
31. |
Robertson SC, Lennarson P, Hasan DM, et al. Clinical course and surgical management of massive cerebral infarction. Neurosurgery, 2004, 55(1): 55-61; discussion 61-62.
|
32. |
Balami JS, Chen RL, Grunwald IQ, et al. Neurological complications of acute ischaemic stroke. Lancet Neurol, 2011, 10(4): 357-371.
|
33. |
Torbey MT, Bosel J, Rhoney DH, et al. Evidence-based guidelines for the management of large hemispheric infarction: a statement for health care professionals from the Neurocritical Care Society and the German Society for Neuro-Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine. Neurocrit Care, 2015, 22(1): 146-164.
|
34. |
Wijdicks EF. Management of massive hemispheric cerebral infarct: is there a ray of hope?. Mayo Clin Proc, 2000, 75(9): 945-952.
|
35. |
Raco A, Caroli E, Isidori A, et al. Management of acute cerebellar infarction: one institution’s experience. Neurosurgery, 2003, 53(5): 1061-1065.
|
36. |
Mostofi K. Neurosurgical management of massive cerebellar infarct outcome in 53 patients. Surg Neurol Int, 2013, 4: 28.
|
37. |
Thomalla G, Hartmann F, Juettler E, et al. Prediction of malignant middle cerebral artery infarction by magnetic resonance imaging within 6 hours of symptom onset: a prospective multicenter observational study. Ann Neurol, 2010, 68(4): 435-445.
|
38. |
Powers WJ, Rabinstein AA, Ackerson TA, et al. 2018 guidelines for the early management of patients with acute ischemic stroke: a guideline for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke, 2018, 49(3): e46-e110.
|
39. |
Mlynash M, Lansberg MG, De Silva DA, et al. Refining the definition of the malignant profile insights from the DEFUSE-EPITHET pooled data set. Stroke, 2011, 42(5): 1270-1275.
|
40. |
Yoo AJ, Sheth KN, Kimberly WT, et al. Validating imaging biomarkers of cerebral edema in patients with severe ischemic stroke. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis, 2013, 22(6): 742-749.
|
41. |
Arenillas JF, Rovira A, Molina CA, et al. Prediction of early neurological deterioration using diffusion-and Perfusion-Weighted imaging in hyperacute middle cerebral artery ischemic stroke. Stroke, 2002, 33(9): 2197-2203.
|
42. |
Oppenheim C, Samson Y, Manai R, et al. Prediction of malignant middle cerebral artery infarction by diffusion-weighted imaging. Stroke, 2000, 31(9): 2175-2181.
|
43. |
Gao J, Parsons MW, Kawano H, et al. Visibility of CT early ischemic change is significantly associated with time from stroke onset to baseline scan beyond the first 3 hours of stroke onset. J Stroke, 2017, 19(3): 340-346.
|
44. |
Zhang SQ, Wang W, Ma XL, et al. Anticoagulation therapy is harmful to large-sized cerebellar infarction. CNS Neurosci Ther, 2014, 20(9): 867-873.
|
45. |
Agarwalla PK, Stapleton CJ, Ogilvy CS. Craniectomy in acute ischemic stroke. Neurosurgery, 2014, 74(Suppl 1): S151-S162.
|
46. |
Wardlaw JM, Sellar R. A simple practical classification of cerebral infarcts on CT and its interobserver reliability. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol, 1994, 15(10): 1933-1939.
|
47. |
Dittrich R, Kloska SP, Fischer T, et al. Accuracy of perfusion-CT in predicting malignant middle cerebral artery brain infarction. J Neurol, 2008, 255(6): 896-902.
|
48. |
Burghaus L, Hilker R, Dohmen C, et al. Early electroencephalography in acute ischemic stroke: prediction of a malignant course?. Clin Neurol Neurosurg, 2007, 109(1): 45-49.
|
49. |
Sykora M, Steiner T, Rocco A, et al. Baroreflex sensitivity to predict malignant middle cerebral artery infarction. Stroke, 2012, 43(3): 714-719.
|
50. |
Dohmen C, Bosche B, Graf R, et al. Identification and clinical impact of impaired cerebrovascular autoregulation in patients with malignant middle cerebral artery infarction. Stroke, 2007, 38(1): 56-61.
|
51. |
Dohmen C, Bosche B, Graf R, et al. Prediction of malignant course in MCA infarction by pet and microdialysis. Stroke, 2003, 34(9): 2152-2158.
|
52. |
Diringer MN, Scalfani MT, Zazulia AR, et al. Cerebral hemodynamic and metabolic effects of Equi-Osmolar doses mannitol and 23.4% saline in patients with edema following large ischemic stroke. Neurocrit Care, 2011, 14(1): 11-17.
|
53. |
Videen TO, Zazulia AR, Manno EM, et al. Mannitol bolus preferentially shrinks non-infarcted brain in patients with ischemic stroke. Neurology, 2001, 57(11): 2120-2122.
|
54. |
Koh MG, Phan TG, Atkinson J, et al. Neuroimaging in deteriorating patients with cerebellar infarcts and mass effect. Stroke, 2000, 31(9): 2062-2067.
|
55. |
Wardlaw JM, Dennis MS, Lindley RI, et al. Does early reperfusion of a cerebral infarct influence cerebral infarct swelling in the acute stage or the final clinical outcome?. Cerebrovasc Dis, 1993, 3(2): 86-93.
|
56. |
Sandercock P, Lindley R, Wardlaw J, et al. The Third International Stroke Trial (Ist-3) of thrombolysis for acute ischaemic stroke. Trials, 2008, 9: 37.
|
57. |
Heinsius T, Bogousslavsky J, van Melle G. Large infarcts in the middle cerebral artery territory: etiology and outcome patterns. Neurology, 1998, 50(2): 341-350.
|
58. |
Ryoo JW, Na DG, Kim SS, et al. Malignant middle cerebral artery infarction in hyperacute ischemic stroke: evaluation with multiphasic perfusion computed tomography Maps. J Comput Assist Tomogr, 2004, 28(1): 55-62.
|
59. |
Kase CS, Norrving B, Levine SR, et al. Cerebellar infarction. Clinical and anatomic observations in 66 cases. Stroke, 1993, 24(1): 76-83.
|
60. |
Macdonell RA, Kalnins RM, Donnan GA. Cerebellar infarction: natural history, prognosis, and pathology. Stroke, 1987, 18(5): 849-855.
|
61. |
Cheng Y, Wu S, Wang Y, et al. External validation and modification of the edema score for predicting malignant brain edema after acute ischemic stroke. Neurocrit Care, 2019.
|
62. |
Stroke Unit Trialists’ Collaboration. Organised inpatient (stroke unit) care for stroke. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2013(9): CD000197.
|
63. |
Briggs D, Felberg RA, Malkoff MD, et al. Should mild or moderate stroke patients be admitted to an intensive care unit?. Stroke, 2001, 32(4): 871-876.
|
64. |
Paciaroni M, Agnelli G, Corea F, et al. Early hemorrhagic transformation of brain infarction: rate, predictive factors, and influence on clinical outcome: results of a prospective multicenter study. Stroke, 2008, 39(8): 2249-2256.
|
65. |
Clark WM, Wissman S, Albers GW, et al. Recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (alteplase) for ischemic stroke 3 to 5 hours after symptom onset. The Atlantis Study: a randomized controlled trial. Alteplase thrombolysis for acute noninterventional therapy in ischemic stroke. JAMA, 1999, 282(21): 2019-2026.
|
66. |
Emberson J, Lees KR, Lyden P, et al. Effect of treatment delay, age, and stroke severity on the effects of intravenous thrombolysis with alteplase for acute ischaemic stroke: a meta-analysis of individual patient data from randomised trials. Lancet, 2014, 384(9958): 1929-1935.
|
67. |
Berkhemer OA, Fransen PS, Beumer D, et al. A randomized trial of intraarterial treatment for acute ischemic stroke. N Engl J Med, 2015, 372(1): 11-20.
|
68. |
Broderick JP, Palesch YY, Demchuk AM, et al. Endovascular therapy after intravenous t-PA versus t-PA alone for stroke. N Engl J Med, 2013, 368(10): 893-903.
|
69. |
Campbell BC, Mitchell PJ, Kleinig TJ, et al. Endovascular therapy for ischemic stroke with perfusion-imaging selection. N Engl J Med, 2015, 372(11): 1009-1018.
|
70. |
Ciccone A, Valvassori L, Nichelatti M, et al. Endovascular treatment for acute ischemic stroke. N Engl J Med, 2013, 368: 904-913.
|
71. |
Goyal M, Demchuk AM, Menon BK, et al. Randomized assessment of rapid endovascular treatment of ischemic stroke. N Engl J Med, 2015, 372(11): 1019-1030.
|
72. |
Jovin TG, Chamorro A, Cobo E, et al. Thrombectomy within 8 hours after symptom onset in ischemic stroke. N Engl J Med, 2015, 372(24): 2296-2306.
|
73. |
Kidwell CS, Jahan R, Gornbein J, et al. A trial of imaging selection and endovascular treatment for ischemic stroke. N Engl J Med, 2013, 368(10): 914-923.
|
74. |
Saver JL, Goyal M, Bonafe A, et al. Stent-retriever thrombectomy after intravenous t-Pa vs. t-Pa alone in stroke. N Engl J Med, 2015, 372(24): 2285-2295.
|
75. |
Rodrigues FB, Neves JB, Caldeira D, et al. Endovascular treatment versus medical care alone for ischaemic stroke: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ, 2016, 353: i1754.
|
76. |
Kimberly WT, Dutra BG, Boers AM, et al. Association of reperfusion with brain edema in patients with acute ischemic stroke a secondary analysis of the Mr CLEAN trial. JAMA Neurol, 2018, 75(4): 453-461.
|
77. |
中华医学会神经病学分会, 中华医学会神经病学分会脑血管病学组, 中华医学会神经病学分会神经血管介入协作组. 中国急性缺血性脑卒中早期血管内介入诊疗指南 2018. 中华神经科杂志, 2018, 51(9): 683-691.
|
78. |
Collaborators C. Cast: randomised placebo-controlled trial of early aspirin use in 20,000 patients with acute ischaemic stroke. Cast (Chinese Acute Stroke Trial) Collaborative Group. Lancet, 1997, 349(9066): 1641-1649.
|
79. |
International Stroke Trial Collaborative Group. The International Stroke Trial (IST): a randomised trial of aspirin, subcutaneous heparin, both, or neither among 19435 patients with acute ischaemic stroke. International Stroke Trial Collaborative Group. Lancet, 1994, 349(9065): 1569-1581.
|
80. |
Wang Y, Wang Y, Zhao X, et al. Clopidogrel with aspirin in acute minor stroke or transient ischemic attack. N Engl J Med, 2013, 369: 11-19.
|
81. |
Johnston SC, Easton JD, Farrant MA, et al. Clopidogrel and aspirin in acute ischemic stroke and High-Risk TIA. N Engl J Med, 2018, 379(3): 215-225.
|
82. |
中华医学会神经病学分会, 中华医学会神经病学分会脑血管病学组. 中国缺血性脑卒中和短暂性脑缺血发作二级预防指南 2014. 中华神经科杂志, 2015, 48(4): 258-273.
|
83. |
Heidbuchel H, Verhamme P, Alings M, et al. EHRA practical guide on the use of new oral anticoagulants in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation: executive summary. Eur Heart J, 2013, 34(27): 2094-2106.
|
84. |
Intercollegiate Stroke Working Party. National Clinical Guideline for Stroke, 2016.
|
85. |
Seiffge DJ, Werring DJ, Paciaroni MA, et al. Timing of anticoagulation after recent ischaemic stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation. Lancet Neurol, 2019, 18(1): 117-126.
|
86. |
Schwab S, Aschoff A, Spranger M, et al. The value of intracranial pressure monitoring in acute hemispheric stroke. Neurology, 1996, 47(2): 393-398.
|
87. |
Bardutzky J, Schwab S. Antiedema therapy in ischemic stroke. Stroke, 2007, 38(11): 3084-3094.
|
88. |
Ma PC, Benejam B, Sahuquillo J, et al. Monitoring intracranial pressure in patients with malignant middle cerebral artery infarction: is it useful?. J Neurosurg, 2010, 112(3): 648-657.
|
89. |
Rosner MJ, Coley IB. Cerebral perfusion-pressure, intracranial-pressure, and head elevation. J Neurosurg, 1986, 65(5): 636-641.
|
90. |
Meixensberger J, Baunach S, Amschler J, et al. Influence of body position on tissue-pO2, cerebral perfusion pressure and intracranial pressure in patients with acute brain injury. Neurol Res, 1997, 19(3): 249-253.
|
91. |
Anderson CS, Arima H, Lavados P, et al. Cluster-randomized, crossover trial of head positioning in acute stroke. N Engl J Med, 2017, 376(25): 2437-2447.
|
92. |
中华医学会神经外科学分会小儿学组, 中华医学会神经外科学分会神经重症协作组, 《甘露醇治疗颅内压增高中国专家共识》编写委员会. 甘露醇治疗颅内压增高中国专家共识. 中华医学杂志, 2019, 99(23): 1763-1766.
|
93. |
Bereczki D, Fekete I, Prado GF, et al. Mannitol for acute stroke. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2007(3): CD001153.
|
94. |
Jauch EC, Saver JL, Adams HP, et al. Guidelines for the early management of patients with acute ischemic stroke: a guideline for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke, 2013, 44(3): 870-947.
|
95. |
Schwarz S, Georgiadis D, Aschoff A, et al. Effects of hypertonic (10%) saline in patients with raised intracranial pressure after stroke. Stroke, 2002, 33(1): 136-140.
|
96. |
Sandercock PA, Soane T. Corticosteroids for acute ischaemic stroke. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2011(9): CD000064.
|
97. |
Norris JW, Hachinski VC. High-dose steroid treatment in cerebral infarction. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed), 1986, 292(6512): 21-23.
|
98. |
Yundt KD, Diringer MN. The use of hyperventilation and its impact on cerebral ischemia in the treatment of traumatic brain injury. Crit Care Clin, 1997, 13(1): 163-184.
|
99. |
Stringer WA, Hasso AN, Thompson JR, et al. Hyperventilation-induced cerebral ischemia in patients with acute brain lesions: demonstration by Xenon-Enhanced CT. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol, 1993, 14(2): 475-484.
|
100. |
Marion DW, Puccio A, Wisniewski SR, et al. Effect of hyperventilation on extracellular concentrations of glutamate, lactate, pyruvate, and local cerebral blood flow in patients with severe traumatic brain injury. Crit Care Med, 2002, 30(12): 2619-2625.
|
101. |
Nariai T, Senda M, Ishii K, et al. Posthyperventilatory steal response in chronic cerebral hemodynamic stress: a positron emission tomography study. Stroke, 1998, 29(7): 1281-1292.
|
102. |
Muizelaar JP, Marmarou A, Ward JD, et al. Adverse effects of prolonged hyperventilation in patients with severe head injury: a randomized clinical trial. J Neurosurg, 1991, 75(5): 731-739.
|
103. |
Christensen MS, Paulson OB, Olesen J, et al. Cerebral apoplexy (stroke) treated with or without prolonged artificial hyperventilation. 1. Cerebral circulation, clinical course, and cause of death. Stroke, 1973, 4(4): 568-631.
|
104. |
Simard D, Paulson OB. Artifical hyperventilation in stroke. Trans Am Neurol Assoc, 1973, 98: 309-310.
|
105. |
宿英英, 范琳琳, 叶红, 等. 大面积脑梗死患者血管内低温治疗的寒战与抗寒战分析. 中国脑血管病杂志, 2013, 10(6): 285-290.
|
106. |
宿英英, 范琳琳, 叶红, 等. 大面积脑梗死患者血管内低温技术的可操作性分析. 中国脑血管病杂志, 2013, 10(11): 577-582.
|
107. |
宿英英, 范琳琳, 张运周, 等. 大面积脑梗死患者血管内低温治疗的安全性分析. 中国脑血管病杂志, 2013, 10(6): 291-297, 324.
|
108. |
宿英英, 李霞, 高冉, 等. 血管内低温治疗大面积脑梗死的初步观察. 中国脑血管病杂志, 2009, 6(7): 363-367.
|
109. |
Steiner T, Friede T, Aschoff A, et al. Effect and feasibility of controlled rewarming after moderate hypothermia in stroke patients with malignant infarction of the middle cerebral artery. Stroke, 2001, 32(12): 2833-2835.
|
110. |
Su Y, Fan L, Zhang Y, et al. Improved neurological outcome with mild hypothermia in surviving patients with massive cerebral hemispheric infarction. Stroke, 2016, 47(2): 457-463.
|
111. |
Els T, Oehm E, Voigt S, et al. Safety and therapeutical benefit of hemicraniectomy combined with mild hypothermia in comparison with hemicraniectomy alone in patients with malignant ischemic stroke. Cerebrovasc Dis, 2006, 21(1/2): 79-85.
|
112. |
Pillai A, Menon SK, Kumar S, et al. Decompressive hemicraniectomy in malignant middle cerebral artery infarction: an analysis of long-term outcome and factors in patient selection. J Neurosurg, 2007, 106(1): 59-65.
|
113. |
Jauss M, Krieger D, Hornig C, et al. Surgical and medical management of patients with massive cerebellar infarctions: results of the German-Austrian cerebellar infarction study. J Neurol, 1999, 246(4): 257-264.
|
114. |
Pfefferkorn T, Eppinger U, Linn JA, et al. Long-term outcome after suboccipital decompressive craniectomy for malignant cerebellar infarction. Stroke, 2009, 40(9): 3045-3050.
|
115. |
Rahme R, Curry R, Kleindorfer D, et al. How often are patients with ischemic stroke eligible for decompressive hemicraniectomy?. Stroke, 2012, 43(2): 550-552.
|
116. |
Walcott BP, Kuklina EV, Nahed BV, et al. Craniectomy for malignant cerebral infarction: prevalence and outcomes in US hospitals. PLoS One, 2011, 6(12): e29193.
|
117. |
Hao Z, Chang X, Zhou H, et al. A cohort study of decompressive craniectomy for malignant middle cerebral artery infarction. Medicine (Baltimore), 2015, 94(25): e1039.
|
118. |
Zhao JW, Su YY, Zhang Y, et al. Decompressive hemicraniectomy in malignant middle cerebral artery infarct: a randomized controlled trial enrolling patients up to 80 years old. Neurocrit Care, 2012, 17(2): 161-171.
|
119. |
Maramattom BV, Bahn MM, Wijdicks EF. Which patient fares worse after early deterioration due to swelling from hemispheric stroke?. Neurology, 2004, 63(11): 2142-2145.
|
120. |
Malm J, Bergenheim AT, Enblad P, et al. The Swedish malignant middle cerebral artery infarction study: long-term results from a prospective study of hemicraniectomy combined with standardized neurointensive care. Acta Neurol Scand, 2006, 113(1): 25-30.
|
121. |
Skoglund TS, Eriksson-Ritzen C, Sorbo A, et al. Health status and life satisfaction after decompressive craniectomy for malignant middle cerebral artery infarction. Acta Neurol Scand, 2008, 117(5): 305-310.
|
122. |
Kumar S, Selim MH, Caplan LR. Medical complications after stroke. Lancet Neurol, 2010, 9(1): 105-118.
|
123. |
Georgiadis D, Schwarz S, Aschoff A, et al. Hemicraniectomy and moderate hypothermia in patients with severe ischemic stroke. Stroke, 2002, 33(6): 1584-1588.
|
124. |
Kalra L, Irshad S, Hodsoll J, et al. Prophylactic antibiotics after acute stroke for reducing pneumonia in patients with dysphagia (STROKE-INF): a prospective, cluster-randomised, open-label, masked endpoint, controlled clinical trial. Lancet, 2015, 386(16): 1835-1844.
|
125. |
Douds GL, Hellkamp AS, Olson DM, et al. Venous thromboembolism in the get with the guidelines-stroke acute ischemic stroke population: incidence and patterns of prophylaxis. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis, 2014, 23(1): 123-129.
|
126. |
Dennis M, Mordi N, Graham C, et al. The timing, extent, progression and regression of deep vein thrombosis in immobile stroke patients: observational data from the CLOTS multicenter randomized trials. J Thromb Haemost, 2011, 9(11): 2193-2200.
|
127. |
Chalouhi N, Daou B, Rincon F, et al. Risk of venous thromboembolism in patients with large hemispheric infarction undergoing decompressive hemicraniectomy. Neurocrit Care, 2016, 25(1): 105-109.
|
128. |
中华医学会神经病学分会, 中华医学会神经病学分会神经康复学组, 中华医学会神经病学分会脑血管病学组. 中国脑卒中早期康复治疗指南. 中华神经科杂志, 2017, 50(6): 405-412.
|