Research progress of anti-inflammatory cytokines in sepsis_West China Medical Journal

Authors：

WANG Rui , LI Mengqin ,  JIANG Zhi , CAO Xiaoping

Department of Emergency Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P. R. China;

Corresponding author：

JIANG Zhi, Email: jznsmc120@163.com

Keywords：

Anti-inflammatory cytokine; Immune regulation; Sepsis

DOI：

10.7507/1002-0179.202110023

Video：

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Sepsis is a worldwide problem. Although there are many related researchs and animal experiments about sepsis, the mortality of sepsis is still high. In the early stage of sepsis, after the pathogenic bacteria invade the body, the immune response produced by the body promotes the synthesis and secretion of a series of cytokines. Among them, there are proinflammatory cytokines that promote inflammatory response and anti-inflammatory cytokines that inhibit inflammatory response. These cytokines interact with each other and maintain a dynamic balance in complex cell grid. This is to restore the steady state of the body after resisting and eliminating the invaders.Anti-inflammatory cytokines play an important role in it. They act on specific immune cells or immune regulatory receptors. Anti-inflammatory cytokines limit persistent or excessive inflammatory responses after killing invaders, and reduce or block pro-inflammatory cytokine activities. These anti-inflammatory cytokines also can heal body to restore the normal immune physiological level of the organism. This article will review the related research of anti-inflammatory cytokines in sepsis.

Citation： WANG Rui, LI Mengqin, JIANG Zhi, CAO Xiaoping. Research progress of anti-inflammatory cytokines in sepsis. West China Medical Journal, 2021, 36(11): 1591-1597. doi: 10.7507/1002-0179.202110023 Copy

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4.	Mosmann TR, Cherwinski H, Bond MW, et al. Two types of murine helper T cell clone. I. Definition according to profiles of lymphokine activities and secreted proteins. J Immunol, 1986, 136(7): 2348-2357.
5.	Ho IC, Miaw SC. Regulation of IL-4 expression in immunity and diseases. Adv Exp Med Biol, 2016, 941: 31-77.
6.	Brown MA, Hural J. Functions of IL-4 and control of its expression. Crit Rev Immunol, 1997, 17(1): 1-32.
7.	吴荣谦, 宋旭华, 徐迎新, 等. 促炎及抗炎细胞因子在脓毒症肺损伤中的作用. 军医进修学院学报, 2000, 21(1): 14-16.
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9.	Song GY, Chung CS, Chaudry IH, et al. IL-4-induced activation of the stat6 pathway contributes to the suppression of cell-mediated immunity and death in sepsis. Surgery, 2000, 128(2): 133-138.
10.	Jain-Vora S, LeVine AM, Chroneos Z, et al. Interleukin-4 enhances pulmonary clearance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Infect Immun, 1998, 66(9): 4229-4236.
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1. Xie J, Wang H, Kang Y, et al. The epidemiology of sepsis in Chinese ICUs: a national cross-sectional survey. Crit Care Med, 2020, 48(3): e209-e218.
2. 张庆红, 姚咏明, 严重脓毒症与免疫功能障碍. 医学与哲学, 2014, 35(2): 18-22, 27.
3. Brown MA, Hural J. Functions of IL-4 and control of its expression. Crit Rev Immunol, 2017, 37(2/3/4/5/6): 181-212.
4. Mosmann TR, Cherwinski H, Bond MW, et al. Two types of murine helper T cell clone. I. Definition according to profiles of lymphokine activities and secreted proteins. J Immunol, 1986, 136(7): 2348-2357.
5. Ho IC, Miaw SC. Regulation of IL-4 expression in immunity and diseases. Adv Exp Med Biol, 2016, 941: 31-77.
6. Brown MA, Hural J. Functions of IL-4 and control of its expression. Crit Rev Immunol, 1997, 17(1): 1-32.
7. 吴荣谦, 宋旭华, 徐迎新, 等. 促炎及抗炎细胞因子在脓毒症肺损伤中的作用. 军医进修学院学报, 2000, 21(1): 14-16.
8. 赵立, 陈立军, 尉承泽, 等. 促炎及抗炎细胞因子在脓毒症小鼠肠道相关淋巴组织的表达. 军事医学科学院院刊, 2005, 29(1): 41-44.
9. Song GY, Chung CS, Chaudry IH, et al. IL-4-induced activation of the stat6 pathway contributes to the suppression of cell-mediated immunity and death in sepsis. Surgery, 2000, 128(2): 133-138.
10. Jain-Vora S, LeVine AM, Chroneos Z, et al. Interleukin-4 enhances pulmonary clearance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Infect Immun, 1998, 66(9): 4229-4236.
11. Hultgren O, Kopf M, Tarkowski A. Staphylococcus aureus-induced septic arthritis and septic death is decreased in IL-4-deficient mice: role of IL-4 as promoter for bacterial growth. J Immunol, 1998, 160(10): 5082-5087.
12. Bozza FA, Salluh JI, Japiassu AM, et al. Cytokine profiles as markers of disease severity in sepsis: a multiplex analysis. Crit Care, 2007, 11(2): R49.
13. Wu HP, Wu CL, Chen CK, et al. The interleukin-4 expression in patients with severe sepsis. J Crit Care, 2008, 23(4): 519-524.
14. Mahanty S, Nutman TB. The biology of interleukin-5 and its receptor. Cancer Invest, 1993, 11(5): 624-634.
15. Milburn MV, Hassell AM, Lambert MH, et al. A novel dimer configuration revealed by the crystal structure at 2.4 A resolution of human interleukin-5. Nature, 1993, 363(6425): 172-176.
16. Wei B, Chen Y, Zhou W, et al. Interleukin IL-5 alleviates sepsis-induced acute lung injury by regulating the immune response in rats. Bioengineered, 2021, 12(1): 2132-2139.
17. Polat B, Cadirci E, Halici Z, et al. The protective effect of amiodarone in lung tissue of cecal ligation and puncture-induced septic rats: a perspective from inflammatory cytokine release and oxidative stress. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol, 2013, 386(7): 635-643.
18. Hrusch CL, Manns ST, Bryazka D, et al. ICOS protects against mortality from acute lung injury through activation of IL-5⁺ ILC2s. Mucosal Immunol, 2018, 11(1): 61-70.
19. Upadhyaya B, Yin Y, Hill BJ, et al. Hierarchical IL-5 expression defines a subpopulation of highly differentiated human Th2 cells. J Immunol, 2011, 187(6): 3111-3120.
20. Linch SN, Danielson ET, Kelly AM, et al. Interleukin 5 is protective during sepsis in an eosinophil-independent manner. Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 2012, 186(3): 246-254.
21. Vucic J, Vucic M, Stankovic T, et al. Potential role of IFN-γ and IL-5 in sepsis prediction of preterm neonates. Open Med (Wars), 2021, 16(1): 139-145.
22. Latifi SQ, O’Riordan MA, Levine AD. Interleukin-10 controls the onset of irreversible septic shock. Infect Immun, 2002, 70(8): 4441-4446.
23. de Waal Malefyt R, Abrams J, Bennett B, et al. Interleukin 10 (IL-10) inhibits cytokine synthesis by human monocytes: an autoregulatory role of IL-10 produced by monocytes. J Exp Med, 1991, 174(5): 1209-1220.
24. Bah I, Kumbhare A, Nguyen L, et al. IL-10 induces an immune repressor pathway in sepsis by promoting S100A9 nuclear localization and MDSC development. Cell Immunol, 2018, 332: 32-38.
25. Scumpia PO, Moldawer LL. Biology of interleukin-10 and its regulatory roles in sepsis syndromes. Crit Care Med, 2005, 33(Suppl 12): S468-S471.
26. 王婷, 韦小碗, 杨亮, 等. 脓毒症患者血清 PCT、CRP、IL-6 和 IL-10 水平检测及临床意义. 陕西医学杂志, 2020, 49(11): 1510-1514.
27. Mazer M, Unsinger J, Drewry A, et al. IL-10 has differential effects on the innate and adaptive immune systems of septic patients. J Immunol, 2019, 203(8): 2088-2099.
28. Howard M, O’Garra A. Biological properties of interleukin 10. Immunol Today, 1992, 13(6): 198-200.
29. van der Poll T, Marchant A, Buurman WA, et al. Endogenous IL-10 protects mice from death during septic peritonitis. J Immunol, 1995, 155(11): 5397-5401.
30. Tschoeke SK, Oberholzer C, LaFace D, et al. Endogenous IL-10 regulates sepsis-induced thymic apoptosis and improves survival in septic IL-10 null mice. Scand J Immunol, 2008, 68(6): 565-571.
31. Rajan S, Vyas D, Clark AT, et al. Intestine-specific overexpression of IL-10 improves survival in polymicrobial sepsis. Shock, 2008, 29(4): 483-489.
32. Friedman G, Jankowski S, Marchant A, et al. Blood interleukin 10 levels parallel the severity of septic shock. J Crit Care, 1997, 12(4): 183-187.
33. Lehmann AK, Halstensen A, Sørnes S, et al. High levels of interleukin 10 in serum are associated with fatality in meningococcal disease. Infect Immun, 1995, 63(6): 2109-2112.
34. van Dissel JT, van Langevelde P, Westendorp RG, et al. Anti-inflammatory cytokine profile and mortality in febrile patients. Lancet, 1998, 351(9107): 950-953.
35. Gogos CA, Drosou E, Bassaris HP, et al. Pro- versus anti-inflammatory cytokine profile in patients with severe sepsis: a marker for prognosis and future therapeutic options. J Infect Dis, 2000, 181(1): 176-180.
36. Chuang TY, Chang HT, Chung KP, et al. High levels of serum macrophage migration inhibitory factor and interleukin 10 are associated with a rapidly fatal outcome in patients with severe sepsis. Int J Infect Dis, 2014, 20: 13-17.
37. Song GY, Chung CS, Chaudry IH, et al. What is the role of interleukin 10 in polymicrobial sepsis: anti-inflammatory agent or immunosuppressant?. Surgery, 1999, 126(2): 378-383.
38. 胡珊博, 杨婧, 于超平, 等. IL-6、IL-1β和 IL-10 在外周血的水平可作为早期鉴别革兰阳性与革兰阴性脓毒症的指标. 细胞与分子免疫学杂志, 2021, 37(6): 532-537.
39. Tan H, Dan G, Gong H, et al. Purification and characterization of recombinant truncated human interleukin-11 expressed as fusion protein in Escherichia coli. Biotechnol Lett, 2005, 27(13): 905-910.
40. Taniguchi K, Karin M. IL-6 and related cytokines as the critical lynchpins between inflammation and cancer. Semin Immunol, 2014, 26(1): 54-74.
41. Xu DH, Zhu Z, Wakefield MR, et al. The role of IL-11 in immunity and cancer. Cancer Lett, 2016, 373(2): 156-163.
42. Bozza M, Bliss JL, Dorner AJ, et al. Interleukin-11 modulates Th1/Th2 cytokine production from activated CD4⁺ T cells. J Interferon Cytokine Res, 2001, 21(1): 21-30.
43. Wan B, Zhang H, Fu H, et al. Recombinant human interleukin-11 (IL-11) is a protective factor in severe sepsis with thrombocytopenia: a case-control study. Cytokine, 2015, 76(2): 138-143.
44. Opal SM, Keith JC Jr, Jhung J, et al. Orally administered recombinant human interleukin-11 is protective in experimental neutropenic sepsis. J Infect Dis, 2003, 187(1): 70-76.
45. Maeshima K, Takahashi T, Nakahira K, et al. A protective role of interleukin 11 on hepatic injury in acute endotoxemia. Shock, 2004, 21(2): 134-138.
46. de Waal Malefyt R, Figdor CG, Huijbens R, et al. Effects of IL-13 on phenotype, cytokine production, and cytotoxic function of human monocytes. Comparison with IL-4 and modulation by IFN-gamma or IL-10. J Immunol, 1993, 151(11): 6370-6381.
47. Zurawski G, de Vries JE. Interleukin 13, an interleukin 4-like cytokine that acts on monocytes and B cells, but not on T cells. Immunol Today, 1994, 15(1): 19-26.
48. de Vries JE, Zurawski G. Immunoregulatory properties of IL-13: its potential role in atopic disease. Int Arch Allergy Immunol, 1995, 106(3): 175-179.
49. 张永红, 沈铮, 朱晓东, 等. 新生儿细菌感染时血清 IL-8 和 IL-13 水平变化. 临床儿科杂志, 2004, 22(9): 598-600.
50. Di Santo E, Meazza C, Sironi M, et al. IL-13 inhibits TNF production but potentiates that of IL-6 in vivo and ex vivo in mice. J Immunol, 1997, 159(1): 379-382.
51. Lentsch AB, Czermak BJ, Jordan JA, et al. Regulation of acute lung inflammatory injury by endogenous IL-13. J Immunol, 1999, 162(2): 1071-1076.
52. Baumhofer JM, Beinhauer BG, Wang JE, et al. Gene transfer with IL-4 and IL-13 improves survival in lethal endotoxemia in the mouse and ameliorates peritoneal macrophages immune competence. Eur J Immunol, 1998, 28(2): 610-615.
53. van der Poll T, de Waal Malefyt R, Coyle SM, et al. Antiinflammatory cytokine responses during clinical sepsis and experimental endotoxemia: sequential measurements of plasma soluble interleukin (IL)-1 receptor type Ⅱ, IL-10, and IL-13. J Infect Dis, 1997, 175(1): 118-122.
54. Matsukawa A, Hogaboam CM, Lukacs NW, et al. Expression and contribution of endogenous IL-13 in an experimental model of sepsis. J Immunol, 2000, 164(5): 2738-2744.
55. Socha LA, Gowardman J, Silva D, et al. Elevation in interleukin 13 levels in patients diagnosed with systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Intensive Care Med, 2006, 32(2): 244-250.
56. Collighan N, Giannoudis PV, Kourgeraki O, et al. Interleukin 13 and inflammatory markers in human sepsis. Br J Surg, 2004, 91(6): 762-768.
57. Haque S, Morris JC. Transforming growth factor-beta: a therapeutic target for cancer. Hum Vaccin Immunother, 2017, 13(8): 1741-1750.
58. Massagué J. TGF-beta signal transduction. Annu Rev Biochem, 1998, 67: 753-791.
59. Pellacani A, Wiesel P, Razavi S, et al. Down-regulation of high mobility group-I(Y) protein contributes to the inhibition of nitric-oxide synthase 2 by transforming growth factor-beta1. J Biol Chem, 2001, 276(2): 1653-1659.
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