Analysis of the influencing factors of internet game addiction among middle school students_West China Medical Journal

Authors：

MA Ling ¹ , FU Ruizi ² , XU Jiaqi ¹ , HE Tanhaosheng ² , CHEN Xiacan ³ ,  HUANG Xia ¹

1. Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P. R. China;
2. West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P. R. China;
3. West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P. R, China;

Corresponding author：

HUANG Xia, Email: ada1840@163.com

Keywords：

Internet game addiction; social interaction; teenager

DOI：

10.7507/1002-0179.202403269

Video：

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Objective To explore the influencing factors of internet game addiction among middle school students. Methods Students from a certain district in Sichuan between September 2022 and March 2023 were included as participants. Basic information such as gender, age, whether the subjects were only children, place of residence, parental education, and subjective economic status were investigated. The nine-item Internet Gaming Disorder Scale-short form was used to investigate whether participants had internet game addiction, and the Berkman-Syme Social Network Index was used to evaluate the participants’ social level. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to conduct multivariate analysis to explore the influencing factors of internet game addiction. Results A total of 594 questionnaires were distributed, and 592 valid questionnaires were ultimately obtained. The detection rate of internet game addiction was 12.0%. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that gender (t=−8.281, P<0.001), age (t=3.211, P=0.001), subjective economic status in the region (t=2.025, P=0.043), and social level (t=−4.239, P<0.001) were the influencing factors of online game addiction. Due to the P value was close to the set test level (0.05), subjective economic status in the region was not considered an influencing factor of internet game addiction. Conclusion Teenagers with male gender, older age, and lower social skills are more likely to develop addiction to internet games.

Citation： MA Ling, FU Ruizi, XU Jiaqi, HE Tanhaosheng, CHEN Xiacan, HUANG Xia. Analysis of the influencing factors of internet game addiction among middle school students. West China Medical Journal, 2024, 39(6): 934-938. doi: 10.7507/1002-0179.202403269 Copy

1.	Young K, Pistner M, O'Mara J, et al. Cyber disorders: the mental health concern for the new millennium. Cyberpsychol Behav, 1999, 2(5): 475-479.
2.	Gentile DA, Bailey K, Bavelier D, et al. Internet gaming disorder in children and adolescents. Pediatrics, 2017, 140(Suppl 2): S81-S85.
3.	Männikkö N, Ruotsalainen H, Miettunen J, et al. Problematic gaming behaviour and health-related outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Health Psychol, 2020, 25(1): 67-81.
4.	Ostinelli EG, Zangani C, Giordano B, et al. Depressive symptoms and depression in individuals with internet gaming disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Affect Disord, 2021, 284: 136-142.
5.	Gentile DA, Lynch PJ, Linder JR, et al. The effects of violent video game habits on adolescent hostility, aggressive behaviors, and school performance. J Adolesc, 2004, 27(1): 5-22.
6.	黄芥, 周珲, 董光恒, 等. 大学生网络游戏成瘾与社会技能、自尊水平的关系. 中国健康心理学杂志, 2012, 20(11): 1757-1759.
7.	王玉洁, 刘琴, 周源柯, 等. 重庆市某区青少年视屏时长与网络成瘾对社交焦虑的影响. 医学新知, 2023, 33(6): 409-416.
8.	Berkman LF, Glass T, Brissette I, et al. From social integration to health: Durkheim in the new millennium. Soc Sci Med, 2000, 51(6): 843-857.
9.	Farrell AK, Stanton SCE, Marshall EM. Social network structure and combating social disconnection: implications for physical health. Curr Opin Psychol, 2022, 45: 101313.
10.	Collonnaz M, Riglea T, Kalubi J, et al. Social network analysis to study health behaviours in adolescents: a systematic review of methods. Soc Sci Med, 2022, 315: 115519.
11.	James C, Davis K, Charmaraman L, et al. Digital life and youth well-being, social connectedness, empathy, and narcissism. Pediatrics, 2017, 140(Suppl 2): S71-S75.
12.	Mo PKH, Chan VWY, Chan SW, et al. The role of social support on emotion dysregulation and Internet addiction among Chinese adolescents: a structural equation model. Addict Behav, 2018, 82: 86-93.
13.	Karaer Y, Akdemir D. Parenting styles, perceived social support and emotion regulation in adolescents with internet addiction. Compr Psychiatry, 2019, 92: 22-27.
14.	陈梅, 黄时华, 陈正, 等. 认知重评对青少年网络游戏成瘾的影响: 自尊的中介作用. 中国健康心理学杂志, 2022, 30(9): 1350-1354.
15.	Bjornsdottir RT, Rule NO. The visibility of social class from facial cues. J Pers Soc Psychol, 2017, 113(4): 530-546.
16.	杨沈龙, 郭永玉, 胡小勇, 等. 低阶层者的系统合理化水平更高吗?——基于社会认知视角的考察. 心理学报, 2016, 48(11): 1467-1478.
17.	Goodman E, Adler NE, Kawachi I, et al. Adolescents’ perceptions of social status: development and evaluation of a new indicator. Pediatrics, 2001, 108(2): E31.
18.	胡牡丽, 王孟成, 蔡琳, 等. 青少年主观社会经济地位量表的初步编制. 中国临床心理学杂志, 2012, 20(2): 155-157, 161.
19.	Pontes HM, Griffiths MD. Measuring DSM-5 internet gaming disorder: development and validation of a short psychometric scale. Comput Hum Behav, 2015, 45: 137-143.
20.	Wong HY, Mo HY, Potenza MN, et al. Relationships between severity of internet gaming disorder, severity of problematic social media use, sleep quality and psychological distress. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2020, 17(6): 1879.
21.	Berkman LF, Syme SL. Social networks, host resistance, and mortality: a nine-year follow-up study of Alameda county residents. Am J Epidemiol, 1979, 109(2): 186-204.
22.	佐斌, 马红宇. 青少年网络游戏成瘾的现状研究——基于十省市的调查与分析. 华中师范大学学报(人文社会科学版), 2010, 49(4): 117-122.
23.	李博冉, 熊若愚, 彭鹏, 等. 青少年压力生活事件对网络成瘾的影响: 一个有调节的中介模型. 中国健康心理学杂志, 2022, 30(7): 1087-1092.
24.	Yu C, Li X, Zhang W. Predicting adolescent problematic online game use from teacher autonomy support, basic psychological needs satisfaction, and school engagement: a 2-year longitudinal study. Cyberpsychol Behav Soc Netw, 2015, 18(4): 228-233.
25.	Rehbein F, Kleimann M, Mössle T. Prevalence and risk factors of video game dependency in adolescence: results of a German nationwide survey. Cyberpsychol Behav Soc Netw, 2010, 13(3): 269-277.
26.	Van Rooij AJ, Schoenmakers TM, Vermulst AA, et al. Online video game addiction: identification of addicted adolescent gamers. Addiction, 2011, 106(1): 205-212.
27.	陈逸健, 黄时华, 周庆安, 等. 大一新生无聊倾向性、人际关系困扰与网络游戏成瘾的相互作用. 医学与社会, 2020, 33(7): 90-93.
28.	马建苓, 刘畅. 错失恐惧对大学生社交网络成瘾的影响: 社交网络整合性使用与社交网络支持的中介作用. 心理发展与教育, 2019, 35(5): 605-614.
29.	Macur M, Pontes HM. Internet gaming disorder in adolescence: investigating profiles and associated risk factors. BMC Public Health, 2021, 21(1): 1547.
30.	Mihara S, Higuchi S. Cross-sectional and longitudinal epidemiological studies of internet gaming disorder: a systematic review of the literature. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci, 2017, 71(7): 425-444.
31.	Uçur Ö, Dönmez YE. Problematic internet gaming in adolescents, and its relationship with emotional regulation and perceived social support. Psychiatry Res, 2021, 296: 113678.
32.	Lin CH, Lin SL, Wu CP. The effects of parental monitoring and leisure boredom on adolescents’ internet addiction. Adolescence, 2009, 44(176): 993-1004.
33.	Swinkels LTA, Hoeve M, Ter Harmsel JF, et al. The effectiveness of social network interventions for psychiatric patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Psychol Rev, 2023, 104: 102321.
34.	Yeh YC, Ko HC, Wu JY, et al. Gender differences in relationships of actual and virtual social support to internet addiction mediated through depressive symptoms among college students in Taiwan. Cyberpsychol Behav, 2008, 11(4): 485-487.
35.	Wu XS, Zhang ZH, Zhao F, et al. Prevalence of internet addiction and its association with social support and other related factors among adolescents in China. J Adolesc, 2016, 52: 103-111.
36.	Casale S, Caplan SE, Fioravanti G. Positive metacognitions about Internet use: the mediating role in the relationship between emotional dysregulation and problematic use. Addict Behav, 2016, 59: 84-88.

1. Young K, Pistner M, O'Mara J, et al. Cyber disorders: the mental health concern for the new millennium. Cyberpsychol Behav, 1999, 2(5): 475-479.
2. Gentile DA, Bailey K, Bavelier D, et al. Internet gaming disorder in children and adolescents. Pediatrics, 2017, 140(Suppl 2): S81-S85.
3. Männikkö N, Ruotsalainen H, Miettunen J, et al. Problematic gaming behaviour and health-related outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Health Psychol, 2020, 25(1): 67-81.
4. Ostinelli EG, Zangani C, Giordano B, et al. Depressive symptoms and depression in individuals with internet gaming disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Affect Disord, 2021, 284: 136-142.
5. Gentile DA, Lynch PJ, Linder JR, et al. The effects of violent video game habits on adolescent hostility, aggressive behaviors, and school performance. J Adolesc, 2004, 27(1): 5-22.
6. 黄芥, 周珲, 董光恒, 等. 大学生网络游戏成瘾与社会技能、自尊水平的关系. 中国健康心理学杂志, 2012, 20(11): 1757-1759.
7. 王玉洁, 刘琴, 周源柯, 等. 重庆市某区青少年视屏时长与网络成瘾对社交焦虑的影响. 医学新知, 2023, 33(6): 409-416.
8. Berkman LF, Glass T, Brissette I, et al. From social integration to health: Durkheim in the new millennium. Soc Sci Med, 2000, 51(6): 843-857.
9. Farrell AK, Stanton SCE, Marshall EM. Social network structure and combating social disconnection: implications for physical health. Curr Opin Psychol, 2022, 45: 101313.
10. Collonnaz M, Riglea T, Kalubi J, et al. Social network analysis to study health behaviours in adolescents: a systematic review of methods. Soc Sci Med, 2022, 315: 115519.
11. James C, Davis K, Charmaraman L, et al. Digital life and youth well-being, social connectedness, empathy, and narcissism. Pediatrics, 2017, 140(Suppl 2): S71-S75.
12. Mo PKH, Chan VWY, Chan SW, et al. The role of social support on emotion dysregulation and Internet addiction among Chinese adolescents: a structural equation model. Addict Behav, 2018, 82: 86-93.
13. Karaer Y, Akdemir D. Parenting styles, perceived social support and emotion regulation in adolescents with internet addiction. Compr Psychiatry, 2019, 92: 22-27.
14. 陈梅, 黄时华, 陈正, 等. 认知重评对青少年网络游戏成瘾的影响: 自尊的中介作用. 中国健康心理学杂志, 2022, 30(9): 1350-1354.
15. Bjornsdottir RT, Rule NO. The visibility of social class from facial cues. J Pers Soc Psychol, 2017, 113(4): 530-546.
16. 杨沈龙, 郭永玉, 胡小勇, 等. 低阶层者的系统合理化水平更高吗?——基于社会认知视角的考察. 心理学报, 2016, 48(11): 1467-1478.
17. Goodman E, Adler NE, Kawachi I, et al. Adolescents’ perceptions of social status: development and evaluation of a new indicator. Pediatrics, 2001, 108(2): E31.
18. 胡牡丽, 王孟成, 蔡琳, 等. 青少年主观社会经济地位量表的初步编制. 中国临床心理学杂志, 2012, 20(2): 155-157, 161.
19. Pontes HM, Griffiths MD. Measuring DSM-5 internet gaming disorder: development and validation of a short psychometric scale. Comput Hum Behav, 2015, 45: 137-143.
20. Wong HY, Mo HY, Potenza MN, et al. Relationships between severity of internet gaming disorder, severity of problematic social media use, sleep quality and psychological distress. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2020, 17(6): 1879.
21. Berkman LF, Syme SL. Social networks, host resistance, and mortality: a nine-year follow-up study of Alameda county residents. Am J Epidemiol, 1979, 109(2): 186-204.
22. 佐斌, 马红宇. 青少年网络游戏成瘾的现状研究——基于十省市的调查与分析. 华中师范大学学报(人文社会科学版), 2010, 49(4): 117-122.
23. 李博冉, 熊若愚, 彭鹏, 等. 青少年压力生活事件对网络成瘾的影响: 一个有调节的中介模型. 中国健康心理学杂志, 2022, 30(7): 1087-1092.
24. Yu C, Li X, Zhang W. Predicting adolescent problematic online game use from teacher autonomy support, basic psychological needs satisfaction, and school engagement: a 2-year longitudinal study. Cyberpsychol Behav Soc Netw, 2015, 18(4): 228-233.
25. Rehbein F, Kleimann M, Mössle T. Prevalence and risk factors of video game dependency in adolescence: results of a German nationwide survey. Cyberpsychol Behav Soc Netw, 2010, 13(3): 269-277.
26. Van Rooij AJ, Schoenmakers TM, Vermulst AA, et al. Online video game addiction: identification of addicted adolescent gamers. Addiction, 2011, 106(1): 205-212.
27. 陈逸健, 黄时华, 周庆安, 等. 大一新生无聊倾向性、人际关系困扰与网络游戏成瘾的相互作用. 医学与社会, 2020, 33(7): 90-93.
28. 马建苓, 刘畅. 错失恐惧对大学生社交网络成瘾的影响: 社交网络整合性使用与社交网络支持的中介作用. 心理发展与教育, 2019, 35(5): 605-614.
29. Macur M, Pontes HM. Internet gaming disorder in adolescence: investigating profiles and associated risk factors. BMC Public Health, 2021, 21(1): 1547.
30. Mihara S, Higuchi S. Cross-sectional and longitudinal epidemiological studies of internet gaming disorder: a systematic review of the literature. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci, 2017, 71(7): 425-444.
31. Uçur Ö, Dönmez YE. Problematic internet gaming in adolescents, and its relationship with emotional regulation and perceived social support. Psychiatry Res, 2021, 296: 113678.
32. Lin CH, Lin SL, Wu CP. The effects of parental monitoring and leisure boredom on adolescents’ internet addiction. Adolescence, 2009, 44(176): 993-1004.
33. Swinkels LTA, Hoeve M, Ter Harmsel JF, et al. The effectiveness of social network interventions for psychiatric patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Psychol Rev, 2023, 104: 102321.
34. Yeh YC, Ko HC, Wu JY, et al. Gender differences in relationships of actual and virtual social support to internet addiction mediated through depressive symptoms among college students in Taiwan. Cyberpsychol Behav, 2008, 11(4): 485-487.
35. Wu XS, Zhang ZH, Zhao F, et al. Prevalence of internet addiction and its association with social support and other related factors among adolescents in China. J Adolesc, 2016, 52: 103-111.
36. Casale S, Caplan SE, Fioravanti G. Positive metacognitions about Internet use: the mediating role in the relationship between emotional dysregulation and problematic use. Addict Behav, 2016, 59: 84-88.

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