RESEARCH PROGRESS OF MECHANISM AND PREVENTION OF PERITENDINOUS ADHESIONS_Chinese Journal of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery

Authors：

JIANG Shichao , LIU Shen , FAN Cunyi.

Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200233, P.R.China. Corresponding author: FAN Cunyi, E-mail: fancunyi888@hotmail.com;

Corresponding author：

Keywords：

Peritendinous adhesion; Mechanism; Prevention

DOI：

10.7507/1002-1892.20130139

Video：

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Objective To review the research progress of mechanism and prevention of peritendinous adhesions. Methods Recent literature about peritendinous adhesions was reviewed, and the results from experiments about the mechanism and prevention of peritendinous adhesions were analyzed. Results The molecular mechanism of peritendinous adhesions is related to overexpressions of transforming growth factor β1, early growth response protein 1, matrix metallopeptidase 9, and so on. The present methods of prevention of peritendinous adhesions include drugs, barrier, optimizing rehabilitation, gene therapy, and so on. These methods have achieved good results in experiments, but the clinical applications have not been confirmed yet. Conclusion It is necessary to pay more attention to the research of mechanism of peritendinous adhesions and methods of its prevention and subsequently to convert them into clinical applications, which is significant to the prevention of peritendinous adhesions in the future.

Citation： JIANG Shichao,LIU Shen,FAN Cunyi.. RESEARCH PROGRESS OF MECHANISM AND PREVENTION OF PERITENDINOUS ADHESIONS. Chinese Journal of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery, 2013, 27(5): 633-636. doi: 10.7507/1002-1892.20130139 Copy

1.	Butler DL, Juncosa-melvin N, Boivin GP, et al. Functional tissue engineering for tendon repair: A multidisciplinary strategy using mesenchymal stem cells, bioscaffolds, and mechanical stimulation. J Orthop Res, 2008, 26(1): 1-9.
2.	Koob TJ, Summers AP. Tendon—bridging the gap. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol, 2002, 133(4): 905-909.
3.	夏长所, 杨选影, 韩迎秋, 等. TGF-β1中和抗体对TGF-β诱导的肌腱胶原产生和术后粘连形成的影响. 中国修复重建外科杂志, 2009, 23(6): 698-703.
4.	姜大朋, 李昭铸, 张玉波, 等. TGF-β1对腱鞘成纤维细胞α-SMA及细胞外基质合成的影响. 中国矫形外科杂志, 2010, 18(9): 759-761.
5.	Derby BM, Reichensperger J, Chambers C, et al. Early growth response factor-1: expression in a rabbit flexor tendon scar model. Arch Facial Plast Surg, 2012, 129(3): 435e-442e.
6.	Taylor SH, Al-youha S, Van Agtmael T, et al. Tendon is covered by a basement membrane epithelium that is required for cell retention and the prevention of adhesion formation. PLoS One, 2011, 6(1): e16337.
7.	Katzel EB, Wolenski M, Loiselle AE, et al. Impact of Smad3 loss of function on scarring and adhesion formation during tendon healing. J Orthop Res, 2011, 29(5): 684-693.
8.	Loiselle AE, Frisch BJ, Wolenski M, et al. Bone marrow-derived matrix metalloproteinase-9 is associated with fibrous adhesion formation after murine flexor tendon injury. PLoS One, 2012, 7(7): e40602.
9.	Killian ML, Cavinatto L, Galatz LM, et al. The role of mechanobiology in tendon healing. J Shoulder Elbow Surg, 2012, 21(2): 228-237.
10.	Xia C, Yang X, Wang YZ, et al. Tendon healing in vivo and in vitro: neutralizing antibody to TGF-β improves range of motion after flexor tendon repair. Orthopedics, 2010, 33(11): 809.
11.	Tan V, Nourbakhsh A, Capo J, et al. Effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on flexor tendon adhesion. J Hand Surg (Am), 2010, 35(6): 941-947.
12.	Xia C, Zuo J, Wang C, et al. Tendon healing in vivo: effect of mannose-6-phosphate on flexor tendon adhesion formation. Orthopedics, 2012, 35(7): e1056-e1060.
13.	Wiig M, Olmarker K, Håkansson J, et al. A lactoferrin-derived peptide (PXL01) for the reduction of adhesion formation in flexor tendon surgery: an experimental study in rabbits. J Hand Surg (Eur Vol), 2011, 36(8): 656-662.
14.	Nilsson E, Björn C, Sjöstrand V, et al. A novel polypeptide derived from human lactoferrin in sodium hyaluronate prevents postsurgical adhesion formation in the rat. Ann Surg, 2009, 250(6): 1021-1028.
15.	Kocaoglu B, Agir I, Nalbantoglu U, et al. Effect of mitomycin-C on post-operative adhesions in tendon surgery: an experimental study in rats. J Bone Joint Surg (Br), 2010, 92(6): 889-893.
16.	McGonagle L, Jones MD, Dowson D, et al. The bio-tribological properties of anti-adhesive agents commonly used during tendon repair. J Orthop Res, 2012, 30(5): 775-780.
17.	Ferguson RE, Rinker B. The use of a hydrogel sealant on flexor tendon repairs to prevent adhesion formation. Ann Plast Surg, 2006, 56(1): 54-58.
18.	Ishiyama N, Moro T, Ishihara K, et al. The prevention of peritendinous adhesions by a phospholipid polymer hydrogel formed in situ by spontaneous intermolecular interactions. Biomaterials, 2010, 31(14): 4009-4016.
19.	Ishiyama N, Moro T, Ohe T, et al. Reduction of peritendinous adhesions by hydrogel containing biocompatible phospholipid polymer MPC for tendon repair. J Bone Joint Surg (Am), 2011, 93(2): 142-149.
20.	Liu S, Hu C, Li F, et al. Prevention of peritendinous adhesions with electrospun ibuprofen-loaded poly (L-lactic acid)-polyethylene glycol fibrous fibrous membranes. Tissue Eng Part A, 2012, 19(3-4): 529-537.
21.	Bhavsar D, Shettko D, Tenenhaus M. Encircling the tendon repair site with collagen-GAG reduces the formation of postoperative tendon adhesions in a chicken flexor tendon model. J Invest Surg, 2010, 159(2): 765-771.
22.	Ni T, Senthil-kumar P, Dubbin K, et al. A photoactivated nanofiber graft material for augmented Achilles tendon repair. Lasers Surg Med, 2012, 44(8): 645-652.
23.	Karaaltin MV, Ozalp B, Dadaci M, et al. The effects of 5-fluorouracil on flexor tendon healing by using a biodegradable gelatin, slow releasing system: experimental study in a hen model. J Hand Surg (Eur Vol), 2012. [Epub ahead of print].
24.	Cao Y, Tang JB. Resistance to motion of flexor tendons and digital edema: An in vivo study in a chicken model. J Hand Surg (Am), 2006, 31(10): 1645-1651.
25.	Tang JB. Clinical outcomes associated with flexor tendon repair. Hand Clin, 2005, 21(2): 199-210.
26.	Wang JH, Guo Q, Li B. Tendon biomechanics and mechanobiology—a minireview of basic concepts and recent advancements. J Hand Ther, 2012, 25(2): 133-140.
27.	Doi K, Hattori Y, Yamazaki H, et al. Importance of early passive mobilization following double free gracilis muscle transfer. Plast Reconstr Surg, 2008, 121(6): 2037-2045.
28.	Düzgün I, Baltac G, Atay OA. Comparison of slow and accelerated rehabilitation protocol after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair: pain and functional activity. Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc, 2011, 45(1): 23-33.
29.	Atik B, Tan O, Dogan A, et al. A new method in tendon repair: angular technique of interlocking (ATIK). Ann Plast Surg, 2008, 60(3): 251-253.
30.	Yao J, Woon CY, Behn A, et al. The effect of suture coated with mesenchymal stem cells and bioactive substrate on tendon repair strength in a rat model. J Hand Surg (Am), 2012, 37(8): 1639-1645.
31.	Nishida J, Araki S, Akasaka T, et al. Effect of hyaluronic acid on the excursion resistance of tendon grafts. A biomechanical study in a canine model in vitro. J Bone Joint Surg (Br), 2004, 86(6): 918-924.
32.	Menderes A, Mola F, Tayfur V, et al. Prevention of peritendinous adhesions following flexor tendon injury with seprafilm. Ann Plast Surg, 2004, 53(6): 560-564.
33.	Liu Y, Skardal A, Shu XZ, et al. Prevention of peritendinous adhesions using a hyaluronan-derived hydrogel film following partialthickness flexor tendon injury. J Orthop Res, 2008, 26(4): 562-569.
34.	Ozgenel GY, Etöz A. Effects of repetitive injections of hyaluronic acid on peritendinous adhesions after flexor tendon repair: a preliminary randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Ulus Travma Acil Cerrahi Derg, 2012, 18(1): 11-17.
35.	de Wit T, de Putter D, Tra WM, et al. Auto-crosslinked hyaluronic acid gel accelerates healing of rabbit flexor tendons in vivo. J Orthop Res, 2009, 27(3): 408-415.
36.	Oryan A, Moshiri A. Recombinant fibroblast growth protein enhances healing ability of experimentally induced tendon injury in vivo. J Tissue Eng Regen Med, 2012. [Epub ahead of print].
37.	Hamada Y, Katoh S, Hibino N, et al. Effects of monofilament nylon coated with basic fibroblast growth factor on endogenous intrasynovial flexor tendon healing. J Hand Surg (Am), 2006, 31(4): 530-540.
38.	盛加根, 曾炳芳, 姜佩珠, 等. 局部单次使用bFGF及5-氟尿嘧啶促进屈肌腱愈合和防止粘连形成的实验研究. 中国修复重建外科杂志, 2011, 25(6): 711-717．.
39.	Liu S, Zhao J, Ruan H, et al. Biomimetic sheath membrane via electrospinning for antiadhesion of repaired tendon. Biomacromolecules, 2012, 13(11): 3611-3619.
40.	Nixon AJ, Watts AE, Schnabel LV. Cell- and gene-based approaches to tendon regeneration. J Shoulder Elbow Surg, 2012, 21(2): 278-294.
41.	Chen G, Zhang S, Zhang Z. Over-expression of has2 in synovium-derived mesenchymal stem cells May prevent adhesions following surgery of the digital flexor tendons. Med Hypotheses, 2011, 76(3): 314-316.
42.	Chen G, Zhang SX, Tao ZF, et al. Overexpression of synoviolin facilitates the formation of a functional synovial biomembrane. J Biomed Mater Res A, 2012, 100(7): 1761-1769.
43.	Tang JB, Cao Y, Zhu B, et al. Adeno-associated virus-2-mediated bFGF gene transfer to digital flexor tendons significantly increases healing strength. an in vivo study. J Bone Joint Surg (Am), 2008, 90(5): 1078-1089.
44.	Ozturk AM, Yam A, Chin SI, et al. Synovial cell culture and tissue engineering of a tendon synovial cell biomembrane. J Biomed Mater Res A, 2008, 84(4): 1120-1126.
45.	Dy CJ, Hernandez-Soria A, Ma Y, et al. Complications after flexor tendon repair: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Hand Surg (Am), 2012, 37(3): 543-551. e1.

1. Butler DL, Juncosa-melvin N, Boivin GP, et al. Functional tissue engineering for tendon repair: A multidisciplinary strategy using mesenchymal stem cells, bioscaffolds, and mechanical stimulation. J Orthop Res, 2008, 26(1): 1-9.
2. Koob TJ, Summers AP. Tendon—bridging the gap. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol, 2002, 133(4): 905-909.
3. 夏长所, 杨选影, 韩迎秋, 等. TGF-β1中和抗体对TGF-β诱导的肌腱胶原产生和术后粘连形成的影响. 中国修复重建外科杂志, 2009, 23(6): 698-703.
4. 姜大朋, 李昭铸, 张玉波, 等. TGF-β1对腱鞘成纤维细胞α-SMA及细胞外基质合成的影响. 中国矫形外科杂志, 2010, 18(9): 759-761.
5. Derby BM, Reichensperger J, Chambers C, et al. Early growth response factor-1: expression in a rabbit flexor tendon scar model. Arch Facial Plast Surg, 2012, 129(3): 435e-442e.
6. Taylor SH, Al-youha S, Van Agtmael T, et al. Tendon is covered by a basement membrane epithelium that is required for cell retention and the prevention of adhesion formation. PLoS One, 2011, 6(1): e16337.
7. Katzel EB, Wolenski M, Loiselle AE, et al. Impact of Smad3 loss of function on scarring and adhesion formation during tendon healing. J Orthop Res, 2011, 29(5): 684-693.
8. Loiselle AE, Frisch BJ, Wolenski M, et al. Bone marrow-derived matrix metalloproteinase-9 is associated with fibrous adhesion formation after murine flexor tendon injury. PLoS One, 2012, 7(7): e40602.
9. Killian ML, Cavinatto L, Galatz LM, et al. The role of mechanobiology in tendon healing. J Shoulder Elbow Surg, 2012, 21(2): 228-237.
10. Xia C, Yang X, Wang YZ, et al. Tendon healing in vivo and in vitro: neutralizing antibody to TGF-β improves range of motion after flexor tendon repair. Orthopedics, 2010, 33(11): 809.
11. Tan V, Nourbakhsh A, Capo J, et al. Effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on flexor tendon adhesion. J Hand Surg (Am), 2010, 35(6): 941-947.
12. Xia C, Zuo J, Wang C, et al. Tendon healing in vivo: effect of mannose-6-phosphate on flexor tendon adhesion formation. Orthopedics, 2012, 35(7): e1056-e1060.
13. Wiig M, Olmarker K, Håkansson J, et al. A lactoferrin-derived peptide (PXL01) for the reduction of adhesion formation in flexor tendon surgery: an experimental study in rabbits. J Hand Surg (Eur Vol), 2011, 36(8): 656-662.
14. Nilsson E, Björn C, Sjöstrand V, et al. A novel polypeptide derived from human lactoferrin in sodium hyaluronate prevents postsurgical adhesion formation in the rat. Ann Surg, 2009, 250(6): 1021-1028.
15. Kocaoglu B, Agir I, Nalbantoglu U, et al. Effect of mitomycin-C on post-operative adhesions in tendon surgery: an experimental study in rats. J Bone Joint Surg (Br), 2010, 92(6): 889-893.
16. McGonagle L, Jones MD, Dowson D, et al. The bio-tribological properties of anti-adhesive agents commonly used during tendon repair. J Orthop Res, 2012, 30(5): 775-780.
17. Ferguson RE, Rinker B. The use of a hydrogel sealant on flexor tendon repairs to prevent adhesion formation. Ann Plast Surg, 2006, 56(1): 54-58.
18. Ishiyama N, Moro T, Ishihara K, et al. The prevention of peritendinous adhesions by a phospholipid polymer hydrogel formed in situ by spontaneous intermolecular interactions. Biomaterials, 2010, 31(14): 4009-4016.
19. Ishiyama N, Moro T, Ohe T, et al. Reduction of peritendinous adhesions by hydrogel containing biocompatible phospholipid polymer MPC for tendon repair. J Bone Joint Surg (Am), 2011, 93(2): 142-149.
20. Liu S, Hu C, Li F, et al. Prevention of peritendinous adhesions with electrospun ibuprofen-loaded poly (L-lactic acid)-polyethylene glycol fibrous fibrous membranes. Tissue Eng Part A, 2012, 19(3-4): 529-537.
21. Bhavsar D, Shettko D, Tenenhaus M. Encircling the tendon repair site with collagen-GAG reduces the formation of postoperative tendon adhesions in a chicken flexor tendon model. J Invest Surg, 2010, 159(2): 765-771.
22. Ni T, Senthil-kumar P, Dubbin K, et al. A photoactivated nanofiber graft material for augmented Achilles tendon repair. Lasers Surg Med, 2012, 44(8): 645-652.
23. Karaaltin MV, Ozalp B, Dadaci M, et al. The effects of 5-fluorouracil on flexor tendon healing by using a biodegradable gelatin, slow releasing system: experimental study in a hen model. J Hand Surg (Eur Vol), 2012. [Epub ahead of print].
24. Cao Y, Tang JB. Resistance to motion of flexor tendons and digital edema: An in vivo study in a chicken model. J Hand Surg (Am), 2006, 31(10): 1645-1651.
25. Tang JB. Clinical outcomes associated with flexor tendon repair. Hand Clin, 2005, 21(2): 199-210.
26. Wang JH, Guo Q, Li B. Tendon biomechanics and mechanobiology—a minireview of basic concepts and recent advancements. J Hand Ther, 2012, 25(2): 133-140.
27. Doi K, Hattori Y, Yamazaki H, et al. Importance of early passive mobilization following double free gracilis muscle transfer. Plast Reconstr Surg, 2008, 121(6): 2037-2045.
28. Düzgün I, Baltac G, Atay OA. Comparison of slow and accelerated rehabilitation protocol after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair: pain and functional activity. Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc, 2011, 45(1): 23-33.
29. Atik B, Tan O, Dogan A, et al. A new method in tendon repair: angular technique of interlocking (ATIK). Ann Plast Surg, 2008, 60(3): 251-253.
30. Yao J, Woon CY, Behn A, et al. The effect of suture coated with mesenchymal stem cells and bioactive substrate on tendon repair strength in a rat model. J Hand Surg (Am), 2012, 37(8): 1639-1645.
31. Nishida J, Araki S, Akasaka T, et al. Effect of hyaluronic acid on the excursion resistance of tendon grafts. A biomechanical study in a canine model in vitro. J Bone Joint Surg (Br), 2004, 86(6): 918-924.
32. Menderes A, Mola F, Tayfur V, et al. Prevention of peritendinous adhesions following flexor tendon injury with seprafilm. Ann Plast Surg, 2004, 53(6): 560-564.
33. Liu Y, Skardal A, Shu XZ, et al. Prevention of peritendinous adhesions using a hyaluronan-derived hydrogel film following partialthickness flexor tendon injury. J Orthop Res, 2008, 26(4): 562-569.
34. Ozgenel GY, Etöz A. Effects of repetitive injections of hyaluronic acid on peritendinous adhesions after flexor tendon repair: a preliminary randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Ulus Travma Acil Cerrahi Derg, 2012, 18(1): 11-17.
35. de Wit T, de Putter D, Tra WM, et al. Auto-crosslinked hyaluronic acid gel accelerates healing of rabbit flexor tendons in vivo. J Orthop Res, 2009, 27(3): 408-415.
36. Oryan A, Moshiri A. Recombinant fibroblast growth protein enhances healing ability of experimentally induced tendon injury in vivo. J Tissue Eng Regen Med, 2012. [Epub ahead of print].
37. Hamada Y, Katoh S, Hibino N, et al. Effects of monofilament nylon coated with basic fibroblast growth factor on endogenous intrasynovial flexor tendon healing. J Hand Surg (Am), 2006, 31(4): 530-540.
38. 盛加根, 曾炳芳, 姜佩珠, 等. 局部单次使用bFGF及5-氟尿嘧啶促进屈肌腱愈合和防止粘连形成的实验研究. 中国修复重建外科杂志, 2011, 25(6): 711-717．.
39. Liu S, Zhao J, Ruan H, et al. Biomimetic sheath membrane via electrospinning for antiadhesion of repaired tendon. Biomacromolecules, 2012, 13(11): 3611-3619.
40. Nixon AJ, Watts AE, Schnabel LV. Cell- and gene-based approaches to tendon regeneration. J Shoulder Elbow Surg, 2012, 21(2): 278-294.
41. Chen G, Zhang S, Zhang Z. Over-expression of has2 in synovium-derived mesenchymal stem cells May prevent adhesions following surgery of the digital flexor tendons. Med Hypotheses, 2011, 76(3): 314-316.
42. Chen G, Zhang SX, Tao ZF, et al. Overexpression of synoviolin facilitates the formation of a functional synovial biomembrane. J Biomed Mater Res A, 2012, 100(7): 1761-1769.
43. Tang JB, Cao Y, Zhu B, et al. Adeno-associated virus-2-mediated bFGF gene transfer to digital flexor tendons significantly increases healing strength. an in vivo study. J Bone Joint Surg (Am), 2008, 90(5): 1078-1089.
44. Ozturk AM, Yam A, Chin SI, et al. Synovial cell culture and tissue engineering of a tendon synovial cell biomembrane. J Biomed Mater Res A, 2008, 84(4): 1120-1126.
45. Dy CJ, Hernandez-Soria A, Ma Y, et al. Complications after flexor tendon repair: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Hand Surg (Am), 2012, 37(3): 543-551. e1.

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Chinese Journal of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery

RESEARCH PROGRESS OF MECHANISM AND PREVENTION OF PERITENDINOUS ADHESIONS

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