LONG-TERM FOLLOW-UP OF MICROGENIA TREATMENT WITH NATURAL CORAL_Chinese Journal of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery

Authors：

SURuowei , LIUJianfeng ,  GUILai , NIUFeng , CHENYing , WANGMeng

Department of Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100144, P. R. China;

Corresponding author：

GUILai, Email: guilai111111@163.com

Keywords：

Natural coral; Microgenia; New bone formation; Long-term effectiveness

DOI：

10.7507/1002-1892.20140299

Video：

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Objective To investigate the long-term effectiveness of microgenia treatment with natural coral, and the volume relationship between the implant and the new bone. Methods A retrospective analysis was made on the cl inical data of 12 patients with microgenia treated by horizontal genioplasty with natural coral implantation between October 1998 and September 2004. There were 7 males and 5 females with the average age of 18.5 years (range, 15-28 years). The cephalometric data on the photo and X-ray films were collected at pre-operation, immediate after operation, and last follow-up. The vertical distance between lower lip point and inferior mental point, the vertical distance between inferior alveolar point and inferior mental point, the vertical distance of the osteotomic gap, and the distance between pogonion and the line between nasion and inferior alveolar point were measured, and the recurrence rates were caculated. Results All incisions healed by first intention, and no complication occurred. All patients were followed up 8-12 years (mean, 9.2 years). X-ray films showed that the natural coral was replaced by new bone formation in the mental osteotomic gap; the new bone had good strength and firmly attached to the mentalis and periosteum. At last follow-up, the vertical distance between lower lip point and inferior mental point, the vertical distance between inferior alveolar point and inferior mental point, and the vertical distance of the osteotomic gap were decreased when compared with the ones at immediate after operation, and the mean recurrence rates were 6.1%, 22.9%, and 31.7%, respectively; and no obvious change was observed in the vertical distance between pogonion and the line between nasion and inferior alveolar point. Nine patients were satisfied with operation effectiveness; chin morphology was adjusted again in 3 patients. Conclusion Natural coral is a safe and effective bone substitute with enough stable new bone and good long-term effectiveness.

Citation： SURuowei, LIUJianfeng, GUILai, NIUFeng, CHENYing, WANGMeng. LONG-TERM FOLLOW-UP OF MICROGENIA TREATMENT WITH NATURAL CORAL. Chinese Journal of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery, 2014, 28(11): 1380-1384. doi: 10.7507/1002-1892.20140299 Copy

1.	Kropf N, Macadam SA, McCarthy C, et al. Influence of the reci pient vessel on fat necrosis after breast reconstruction with a free transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap. Scand J Plast Reconstr Surg Hand Surg, 2010, 44(2):96-101.
2.	Malata CM, Moses M, Mickute Z, et al. Ti ps for successful microvascular abdominal flap breast reconstruction util izing the "total rib preservation" technique for internal mammary vessel exposure. Ann Plast Surg, 2011, 66(1):36-42.
3.	Moran SL, Nava G, Behnam AB, et al. An outcome analysis comparing the thoracodorsal and internal mammary vessels as reci pient sites for microvascular breast reconstruction:a prospective study of 100 patients. Plast Reconstr Surg, 2003, 111(6):1876-1882.
4.	Srivastava A, Tripathi DM, Zaman W, et al. Subcostal versus transcostal mini donor nephrectomy:is rib resection responsible for pain related donor morbidity. J Urol, 2003, 170(3):738-740.
5.	Parrett BM, Caterson SA, Tobias AM, et al. The rib-sparing technique for internal mammary vessel exposure in microsurgical breast reconstruction. Ann Plast Surg, 2008, 60(3):241-243.
6.	Sacks JM, Chang DW. Rib-sparing internal mammary vessel harvest for microvascular breast reconstruction in 100 consecutive cases. Plast Reconstr Surg, 2009, 123(5):1403-1407.
7.	Darcy CM, Smit JM, Audolfsson T, et al. Surgical technique:The intercostal space approach to the internal mammary vessels in 463 microvascular breast reconstructions. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg, 2011, 64(1):58-62.
8.	Kim H, Lim SY, Pyon JK, et al. Rib-sparing and internal mammary artery-preserving microsurgical breast reconstruction with the free DIEP flap. Plast Reconstr Surg, 2013, 131(3):327e-334e.
9.	Tuinder SR, Dikmans R, Schi pper RJ, et al. Anatomical evaluation of the internal mammary vessels based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg, 2012, 65(10):1363-1367.
10.	Khoo A, Rosich-Medina A, Woodham A, et al. The relationship between the intercostal distance, patient height and outcome in microsurgical breast reconstruction using the second interspace rib-sparing internal mammary vessel exposure. Microsurgery, 2014, 34(6):448-453.
11.	Casares Santiago M, García-Tutor E, Rodríguez Caravaca G, et al. Optimising the preoperative planning of deep inferior epigastric perforator flaps for breast reconstruction. Eur Radiol, 2014, 24(9):2097-2108.
12.	Cina A, Barone-Adesi L, Rinaldi P, et al. Planning deep inferior epigastric perforator flaps for breast reconstruction:a comparison between multidetector computed tomography and magnetic resonance angiography. Eur Radiol, 2013, 23(8):2333-2343.
13.	Kim H, Lim SY, Pyon JK, et al. Preoperative computed tomographic angiography of both donor and reci pient sites for microsurgical breast reconstruction. Plast Reconstr Surg, 2012, 130(1):11e-20e.
14.	Demir A, Kucuker I, Keles MK, et al. The effect of learning curve on flap selection, re-exploration, and salvage rates in free flaps; A retrospective analysis of 155 cases. Microsurgery, 2013.[Epub ahead of print].
15.	Han S, Yoon SY, Park JM. The anatomical evaluation of internal mammary vessels using sonography and 2-dimensional computed tomography in Asians. Br J Plast Surg, 2003, 56(7):684-688.
16.	Bourget A, Chang JT, Wu DB, et al. Free flap reconstruction in the head and neck region following radiotherapy:a cohort study identifying negative outcome predictors. Plast Reconstr Surg, 2011, 127(5): 1901-1908.
17.	Fosnot J, Fischer JP, Smartt JM Jr, et al. Does previous chest wall irradiation increase vascular complications in free autologous breast reconstruction? Plast Reconstr Surg, 2011, 127(2):496-504.
18.	Galanis C, Nguyen P, Koh J, et al. Microvascular lifeboats:a stepwise approach to intraoperative venous congestion in DIEP flap breast reconstruction. Plast Reconstr Surg, 2014, 134(1):20-27.

1. Kropf N, Macadam SA, McCarthy C, et al. Influence of the reci pient vessel on fat necrosis after breast reconstruction with a free transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap. Scand J Plast Reconstr Surg Hand Surg, 2010, 44(2):96-101.
2. Malata CM, Moses M, Mickute Z, et al. Ti ps for successful microvascular abdominal flap breast reconstruction util izing the "total rib preservation" technique for internal mammary vessel exposure. Ann Plast Surg, 2011, 66(1):36-42.
3. Moran SL, Nava G, Behnam AB, et al. An outcome analysis comparing the thoracodorsal and internal mammary vessels as reci pient sites for microvascular breast reconstruction:a prospective study of 100 patients. Plast Reconstr Surg, 2003, 111(6):1876-1882.
4. Srivastava A, Tripathi DM, Zaman W, et al. Subcostal versus transcostal mini donor nephrectomy:is rib resection responsible for pain related donor morbidity. J Urol, 2003, 170(3):738-740.
5. Parrett BM, Caterson SA, Tobias AM, et al. The rib-sparing technique for internal mammary vessel exposure in microsurgical breast reconstruction. Ann Plast Surg, 2008, 60(3):241-243.
6. Sacks JM, Chang DW. Rib-sparing internal mammary vessel harvest for microvascular breast reconstruction in 100 consecutive cases. Plast Reconstr Surg, 2009, 123(5):1403-1407.
7. Darcy CM, Smit JM, Audolfsson T, et al. Surgical technique:The intercostal space approach to the internal mammary vessels in 463 microvascular breast reconstructions. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg, 2011, 64(1):58-62.
8. Kim H, Lim SY, Pyon JK, et al. Rib-sparing and internal mammary artery-preserving microsurgical breast reconstruction with the free DIEP flap. Plast Reconstr Surg, 2013, 131(3):327e-334e.
9. Tuinder SR, Dikmans R, Schi pper RJ, et al. Anatomical evaluation of the internal mammary vessels based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg, 2012, 65(10):1363-1367.
10. Khoo A, Rosich-Medina A, Woodham A, et al. The relationship between the intercostal distance, patient height and outcome in microsurgical breast reconstruction using the second interspace rib-sparing internal mammary vessel exposure. Microsurgery, 2014, 34(6):448-453.
11. Casares Santiago M, García-Tutor E, Rodríguez Caravaca G, et al. Optimising the preoperative planning of deep inferior epigastric perforator flaps for breast reconstruction. Eur Radiol, 2014, 24(9):2097-2108.
12. Cina A, Barone-Adesi L, Rinaldi P, et al. Planning deep inferior epigastric perforator flaps for breast reconstruction:a comparison between multidetector computed tomography and magnetic resonance angiography. Eur Radiol, 2013, 23(8):2333-2343.
13. Kim H, Lim SY, Pyon JK, et al. Preoperative computed tomographic angiography of both donor and reci pient sites for microsurgical breast reconstruction. Plast Reconstr Surg, 2012, 130(1):11e-20e.
14. Demir A, Kucuker I, Keles MK, et al. The effect of learning curve on flap selection, re-exploration, and salvage rates in free flaps; A retrospective analysis of 155 cases. Microsurgery, 2013.[Epub ahead of print].
15. Han S, Yoon SY, Park JM. The anatomical evaluation of internal mammary vessels using sonography and 2-dimensional computed tomography in Asians. Br J Plast Surg, 2003, 56(7):684-688.
16. Bourget A, Chang JT, Wu DB, et al. Free flap reconstruction in the head and neck region following radiotherapy:a cohort study identifying negative outcome predictors. Plast Reconstr Surg, 2011, 127(5): 1901-1908.
17. Fosnot J, Fischer JP, Smartt JM Jr, et al. Does previous chest wall irradiation increase vascular complications in free autologous breast reconstruction? Plast Reconstr Surg, 2011, 127(2):496-504.
18. Galanis C, Nguyen P, Koh J, et al. Microvascular lifeboats:a stepwise approach to intraoperative venous congestion in DIEP flap breast reconstruction. Plast Reconstr Surg, 2014, 134(1):20-27.

Chinese Journal of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery

LONG-TERM FOLLOW-UP OF MICROGENIA TREATMENT WITH NATURAL CORAL

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