INTRODUCTION AND INTERPRETATION OF ABCD CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM FOR SUBAXIAL CERVICAL SPINE INJURY_Chinese Journal of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery

Authors：

CHENZhida ,  LINBin , YUZhiyi , LIBingwen

Orthopaedic Hospital, the 175th Hospital of Chinese PLA, Zhangzhou Fujian, 363000, P. R. China;

Corresponding author：

LINBin, Email: linbin813@163.com

Keywords：

Subaxial cervical spine injury; Classification system; Treatment algorithm

DOI：

10.7507/1002-1892.20140310

Video：

Export PDF Favorites Scan Get Citation

Abstract Full text Figures/Tables Video References Cited by

Objective To introduce and interpret ABCD classification system for subaxial cervical spine injury. Methods The literature related to subaxial cervical spine injury classification system was extensively reviewed, analyzed, and summarized so as to introduce the ABCD classification system. Results The ABCD classification system for subaxial cervical spine injury consists of 3 parts. The first part of the proposed classification is an anatomical descri ption of the injury; it del ivers the information whether injury is bony, ligamentous, or a combined one. The second part is the classification of nerve function, spinal stenosis, and spinal instabil ity. The last part is optional and denotes radiological examination which is used to define injury type. Several letters have been used for simplicity to del iver the largest amount of information. And a treatment algorithm based on the proposed classification is suggested. Conclusion The ABCD classification system is proposed for simplification. However further evaluation of this classification is needed.

Citation： CHENZhida, LINBin, YUZhiyi, LIBingwen. INTRODUCTION AND INTERPRETATION OF ABCD CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM FOR SUBAXIAL CERVICAL SPINE INJURY. Chinese Journal of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery, 2014, 28(11): 1441-1444. doi: 10.7507/1002-1892.20140310 Copy

1.	Patel AA, Hurlbert RJ, Bono CM, et al. Classification and surgical decision making in acute subaxial cervical spine trauma. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 2010, 35(21 Suppl):S228-234.
2.	Goldberg W, Mueller C, Panacek E, et al. Distribution and patterns of blunt traumatic cervical spine injury. Ann Emerg Med, 2001, 38(1): 17-21.
3.	Kwon BK, Vaccaro AR, Grauer JN, et al. Subaxial cervical spine trauma. J Am Acad Orthop Surg, 2006, 14(2):78-89.
4.	Shousha M. ABCD classification system:a novel classification for subaxial cervical spine injuries. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 2014, 39(9):707-714.
5.	王亦璁.骨与关节损伤.北京:人民卫生出版社, 2012:961.
6.	戴力扬.脊柱不稳(下).颈腰痛杂志, 1994, 15(4):247-250.
7.	胥少汀.实用骨科学.北京:人民军医出版社, 2012:650, 1992.
8.	姜树东, 洪毅, 张军卫.脊髓损伤ASIA评分标准残损分级的应用分析.第24届全国脊柱脊髓学术会议论文集, 2012.
9.	9[No authors listed]. Lorenz Böhler, the father of trauma surgery. 15 January 1885-20 January 1973. Zentralbl Chir, 1985, 110(4):193-199.
10.	Watson-Jones R. The results of posturalreduction of fractures of the spine. J Bone Joint Surg (Am), 1938, 20(3):567-586.
11.	Nicoll EA. Fractures of the dorsolumbar spine. J Bone Joint Surg (Br), 1949, 31(3):376-394.
12.	Chance GQ. Note on type of flexion fracture of the spine. Br J Radiol, 1948, 21(249):452.
13.	Holdsworth F. Fractures, dislocations, and fracture-dislocations of the spine. J Bone Joint Surg (Am), 1970, 52(8):1534-1551.
14.	Allen BL Jr, Ferguson RL, Lehmann TR, et al. A mechanistic classification of closed, indirect fractures and dislocations of the lower cervical spine. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 1982, 7(1):1-27.
15.	Harris JH Jr, Edeiken-Monroe B, Kopaniky DR. A practical classification of acute cervical spine injuries. Orthop Clin North Am, 1986, 17(1):15-30.
16.	戴力扬, 李海.下颈椎损伤的诊断与治疗.中华外科杂志, 2007, 45(6):396-401.
17.	Magerl F, Aebi M, Gertzbein SD, et al. A comprehensive classification of thoracic and lumbar injuries. Eur Spine J, 1994, 3(4):184-201.
18.	Moore TA, Vaccaro AR, Anderson PA. Classification of lower cervical spine injuries. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 2006, 31(11 Suppl):S37-43.
19.	Vaccaro AR, Hulbert RJ, Patel AA, et al. The subaxial cervical spine injury classification system:a novel approach to recognize the importance of morphology, neurology, and integrity of the disco-ligamentous complex. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 2007, 32(21):2365-2374.
20.	Bono CM, Vaccaro AR, Fehlings M, et al. Measurement techniques for lower cervical spine injuries:consensus statement of the Spine Trauma Study Group. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 2006, 31(5):603-609.
21.	Zehnder SW, Lenarz CJ, Place HM. Teachability and rel iabil ity of a new classification system for lower cervical spinal injuries. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 2009, 34(19):2039-2043.
22.	Dvorak MF, Fisher CG, Fehlings MG, et al. The surgical approach to subaxial cervical spine injuries:an evidence-based algorithm based on the SLIC classification system. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 2007, 32(23): 2620-2629.
23.	王新伟, 袁文, 陈德玉, 等.不稳定型下颈椎损伤的手术治疗(附56例分析).中华创伤骨科杂志, 2004, 6(6):644-647.
24.	滕晓, 王勇, 张招波. Cervifix内固定术治疗下颈椎骨折脱位.骨与关节损伤杂志, 2004, 19(6):397-398.
25.	Goldberg W, Mueller C, Panacek E, et al. Distribution and patterns of blunt traumatic cervical spine injury. Ann Emerg Med, 2001, 38(1): 17-21.
26.	Glaser JA, Jaworski BA, Cuddy BG, et al. Variation in surgical opinion regarding management of selected cervical spine injuries. A preliminary study. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 1998, 23(9):975-982.

1. Patel AA, Hurlbert RJ, Bono CM, et al. Classification and surgical decision making in acute subaxial cervical spine trauma. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 2010, 35(21 Suppl):S228-234.
2. Goldberg W, Mueller C, Panacek E, et al. Distribution and patterns of blunt traumatic cervical spine injury. Ann Emerg Med, 2001, 38(1): 17-21.
3. Kwon BK, Vaccaro AR, Grauer JN, et al. Subaxial cervical spine trauma. J Am Acad Orthop Surg, 2006, 14(2):78-89.
4. Shousha M. ABCD classification system:a novel classification for subaxial cervical spine injuries. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 2014, 39(9):707-714.
5. 王亦璁.骨与关节损伤.北京:人民卫生出版社, 2012:961.
6. 戴力扬.脊柱不稳(下).颈腰痛杂志, 1994, 15(4):247-250.
7. 胥少汀.实用骨科学.北京:人民军医出版社, 2012:650, 1992.
8. 姜树东, 洪毅, 张军卫.脊髓损伤ASIA评分标准残损分级的应用分析.第24届全国脊柱脊髓学术会议论文集, 2012.
9. 9[No authors listed]. Lorenz Böhler, the father of trauma surgery. 15 January 1885-20 January 1973. Zentralbl Chir, 1985, 110(4):193-199.
10. Watson-Jones R. The results of posturalreduction of fractures of the spine. J Bone Joint Surg (Am), 1938, 20(3):567-586.
11. Nicoll EA. Fractures of the dorsolumbar spine. J Bone Joint Surg (Br), 1949, 31(3):376-394.
12. Chance GQ. Note on type of flexion fracture of the spine. Br J Radiol, 1948, 21(249):452.
13. Holdsworth F. Fractures, dislocations, and fracture-dislocations of the spine. J Bone Joint Surg (Am), 1970, 52(8):1534-1551.
14. Allen BL Jr, Ferguson RL, Lehmann TR, et al. A mechanistic classification of closed, indirect fractures and dislocations of the lower cervical spine. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 1982, 7(1):1-27.
15. Harris JH Jr, Edeiken-Monroe B, Kopaniky DR. A practical classification of acute cervical spine injuries. Orthop Clin North Am, 1986, 17(1):15-30.
16. 戴力扬, 李海.下颈椎损伤的诊断与治疗.中华外科杂志, 2007, 45(6):396-401.
17. Magerl F, Aebi M, Gertzbein SD, et al. A comprehensive classification of thoracic and lumbar injuries. Eur Spine J, 1994, 3(4):184-201.
18. Moore TA, Vaccaro AR, Anderson PA. Classification of lower cervical spine injuries. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 2006, 31(11 Suppl):S37-43.
19. Vaccaro AR, Hulbert RJ, Patel AA, et al. The subaxial cervical spine injury classification system:a novel approach to recognize the importance of morphology, neurology, and integrity of the disco-ligamentous complex. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 2007, 32(21):2365-2374.
20. Bono CM, Vaccaro AR, Fehlings M, et al. Measurement techniques for lower cervical spine injuries:consensus statement of the Spine Trauma Study Group. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 2006, 31(5):603-609.
21. Zehnder SW, Lenarz CJ, Place HM. Teachability and rel iabil ity of a new classification system for lower cervical spinal injuries. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 2009, 34(19):2039-2043.
22. Dvorak MF, Fisher CG, Fehlings MG, et al. The surgical approach to subaxial cervical spine injuries:an evidence-based algorithm based on the SLIC classification system. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 2007, 32(23): 2620-2629.
23. 王新伟, 袁文, 陈德玉, 等.不稳定型下颈椎损伤的手术治疗(附56例分析).中华创伤骨科杂志, 2004, 6(6):644-647.
24. 滕晓, 王勇, 张招波. Cervifix内固定术治疗下颈椎骨折脱位.骨与关节损伤杂志, 2004, 19(6):397-398.
25. Goldberg W, Mueller C, Panacek E, et al. Distribution and patterns of blunt traumatic cervical spine injury. Ann Emerg Med, 2001, 38(1): 17-21.
26. Glaser JA, Jaworski BA, Cuddy BG, et al. Variation in surgical opinion regarding management of selected cervical spine injuries. A preliminary study. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 1998, 23(9):975-982.

Previous Article
RESEARCH PROGRESS OF REGULATION OF OSTEOCLAST FORMATION AND FUNCTION
Next Article
尺侧下副动脉穿支皮瓣修复肘部创面

Chinese Journal of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery

INTRODUCTION AND INTERPRETATION OF ABCD CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM FOR SUBAXIAL CERVICAL SPINE INJURY

Abstract Full text Figures/Tables Video References Cited by

Previous Article

Next Article

Format

Content