RESEARCH PROGRESS OF AUTOLOGOUS VEIN NERVE CONDUIT FOR REPAIR OF PERIPHERAL NERVE DEFECT_Chinese Journal of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery

Authors：

GUOQiang ¹ ,  WANGGuanglin ¹ , LINWei ² , HUANGZhong ¹ , TANZhen ¹ , LIULei ¹ , HUANGFuguo ¹

1. Department of Orthopaedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu Sichuan, 610041, P. R. China;
2. Department of Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, West China Women's and Children's Hospital, Sichuan University;

Corresponding author：

WANGGuanglin, Email: wglfrank@163.com

Keywords：

Autologous vein nerve conduit; Peripheral nerve defect; Nerve repair; Nerve conduit

DOI：

10.7507/1002-1892.20150309

Video：

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Objective To summarize the research progress of autologous vein nerve conduit for the repair of peripheral nerve defect. Methods The recent domestic and foreign literature concerning autologous vein nerve conduit for repair of peripheral nerve defect was analyzed and summarized. Results A large number of basic researches and clinical applications show that the effect of autologous venous nerve conduit is close to that of autologous nerve transplantation in repairing short nerve defect, especially the compound nerve conduit has a variety of autologous nerve tissue, cells, and growth factors, etc. Conclusion Autologous vein nerve conduit for repair of non-nerve defect can be a good supplement of autologous nerve graft, improvement of autologous venous catheter to repair peripheral nerve defect is the research direction in the future.

Citation： GUOQiang, WANGGuanglin, LINWei, HUANGZhong, TANZhen, LIULei, HUANGFuguo. RESEARCH PROGRESS OF AUTOLOGOUS VEIN NERVE CONDUIT FOR REPAIR OF PERIPHERAL NERVE DEFECT. Chinese Journal of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery, 2015, 29(11): 1446-1450. doi: 10.7507/1002-1892.20150309 Copy

1.	IJkema-Paassen J, Jansen K, Gramsbergen A, et al. Transection of peripheral nerves, bridging strategies and effect evaluation. Biomaterials, 2004, 25(9):1583-1592.
2.	Griffin JW, Hogan MV, Chhabra AB, et al. Peripheral nerve repair and reconstruction. J Bone Joint Surg (Am), 2013, 95(23):2144-2151.
3.	Pang Y, Hong Q, Zheng J. Sensory reinnervation of muscle spindles after repair of tibial nerve defects using autogenous vein grafts. Neural Regen Res, 2014, 9(6):610-615.
4.	IJpma FF, Nicolai JP, Meek MF, et al. Sural nerve donor-site morbidity thirty-four years of follow-up. Ann Plast Surg, 2006, 57(4):391-395.
5.	Risitano G, Cavallaro G, Merrino T, et al. Clinical results and thoughts on sensory nerve repair by autologous vein graft in emergency hand reconstruction. Chir Main, 2002, 21(3):194-197.
6.	Marcoccio I, Vigasio A. Muscle-in-vein nerve guide for secondary reconstruction in digital nerve lesions. J Hand Surg (Am), 2010, 35(9):1418-1426.
7.	Acar M, Karacalar A, Ayyildiz M, et al. The effect of autogenous vein grafts on nerve repair with size discrepancy in rats:an electrophysiological and stereological analysis. Brain Res, 2008, 1198:171-181.
8.	Tseng CY, Hu G, Ambron RT, et al. Histologic analysis of Schwann cell migration and peripheral nerve regeneration in the autogenous venous nerve conduit (AVNC). J Reconstr Microsurg, 2003, 19(5):331-340.
9.	Levine MH, Yates KE, Kaban LB. Nerve growth factor is expressed in rat femoral vein. J Oral Maxillofac Surg, 2002, 60(7):729-733.
10.	Lavasani M, Gehrmann S, Gharaibeh B, et al. Venous graft-derived cells participate in peripheral nerve regeneration. PLoS One, 2011, 6(9):e24801.
11.	Demir A, Simsek T, Acar M, et al. Comparison between flexible collagen and vein conduits used for size-discrepant nerve repair:an experimental study in rats. J Reconstr Microsurg, 2014, 30(5):329-334.
12.	Jeon WJ, Kang JW, Park JH, et al. Clinical application of insideout vein grafts for the treatment of sensory nerve segmental defect. Microsurgery, 2011, 31(4):268-273.
13.	Couturier CA, Dauge MC, Henin D, et al. Nerve repair using a composite graft of vein and denatured skeletal muscle:morphologic analysis. J Reconstr Microsurg, 2002, 18(8):681-688.
14.	Zhang F, Blain B, Beck J, et al. Autogenous venous graft with one-stage prepared Schwann cells as a conduit for repair of long segmental nerve defects. J Reconstr Microsurg, 2002, 18(4):295-300.
15.	Strauch B, Rodriguez DM, Diaz J, et al. Autologous Schwann cells drive regeneration through a 6-cm autogenous venous nerve conduit. J Reconstr Microsurg, 2001, 17(8):589-595.
16.	Chiu DT. Autogenous venous nerve conduits. A review. Hand Clin, 1999, 15(4):667-671.
17.	Battiston B, Geuna S, Ferrero M, et al. Nerve repair by means of tubulization:literature review and personal clinical experience comparing biological and synthetic conduits for sensory nerve repair. Microsurgery, 2005, 25(4):258-267.
18.	Geuna S, Tos P, Titolo P, et al. Update on nerve repair by biological tubulization. J Brachial Plex Peripher Nerve Inj, 2014, 9(1):3.
19.	Barcelos AS, Rodrigues AC, Silva MD, et al. Inside-out vein graft and inside-out artery graft in rat sciatic nerve repair. Microsurgery, 2003, 23(1):66-71.
20.	Ferrari F, De Castro Rodrigues A, Malvezzi CK, et al. Inside-out vs. standard vein graft to repair a sensory nerve in rats. Anat Rec, 1999, 256(3):227-232.
21.	Li YL, Gao ZQ, Wang ZL, et al. Autogenous inside-out versus standard vein and skeletal muscle-combined grafting for facial nerve repair. Neural Regen Res, 2010, 5(4):282-286.
22.	Geuna S, Tos P, Battiston B, et al. Bridging peripheral nerve defects with muscle-vein combined guides. Neurol Res, 2004, 26(2):139-144.
23.	Geuna S, Nicolino S, Raimondo S, et al. Nerve regeneration along bioengineered scaffolds. Microsurgery, 2007, 27(5):429-438.
24.	Nicolino S, Panetto A, Raimondo S, et al. Denervation and reinnervation of adult skeletal muscle modulate mRNA expression of neuregulin-1 and ErbB receptors. Microsurgery, 2009, 29(6):464-472.
25.	Ulkür E, Yüksel F, Açikel C, et al. Comparison of functional results of nerve graft, vein graft, and vein filled with muscle graft in end-toside neurorrhaphy. Microsurgery, 2003, 23(1):40-48.
26.	李予鲁, 高志强, 王辉, 等. 自体非神经组织材料移植修复面神经短距离缺损. 中国临床康复, 2005, 9(26):138-140.
27.	Tos P, Battiston B, Nicolino S, et al. Comparison of fresh and predegenerated muscle-vein-combined guides for the repair of rat median nerve. Microsurgery, 2007, 27(1):48-55.
28.	Fansa H, Keilhoff G. Comparison of different biogenic matrices seeded with cultured Schwann cells for bridging peripheral nerve defects. Neurol Res, 2004, 26(2):167-173.
29.	Li R, Liu Z, Pan Y, et al. Peripheral nerve injuries treatment:a systematic review. Cell Biochem Biophys, 2014, 68(3):449-454.
30.	Georgiou M, Golding JP, Loughlin AJ, et al. Engineered neural tissue with aligned, differentiated adipose-derived stem cells promotes peripheral nerve regeneration across a critical sized defect in rat sciatic nerve. Biomaterials, 2015, 37:242-251.
31.	Tamaki T, Hirata M, Soeda S, et al. Preferential and comprehensive reconstitution of severely damaged sciatic nerve using murine skeletal muscle-derived multipotent stem cells. PLoS One, 2014, 9(3):e91257.
32.	Haghighat A, Mohammadi R, Amini K. Transplantation of undifferentiated bone-marrow stromal cells into a vein graft accelerates sciatic nerveregeneration in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Curr Neurovasc Res, 2014, 11(3):230-241.
33.	Seyed Foroutan K, Khodarahmi A, Alavi H, et al. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell and vein conduit on sciatic nerve repair in rats. Trauma Mon, 2015, 20(1):e23325.
34.	Mohammadi R, Azizi S, Delirezh N, et al. Transplantation of uncultured omental adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction improves sciatic nerveregeneration and functional recovery through inside-out vein graft in rats. J Trauma Acute Care Surg, 2012, 72(2):390-396.
35.	Tamaki T. Bridging long gap peripheral nerve injury using skeletal muscle-derived multipotent stem cells. Neural Regen Res, 2014, 9(14):1333-1336.
36.	Mohammadi R, Esmaeil-Sani Z, Amini K. Effect of local administration of insulin-like growth factor I combined with insideout artery graft on peripheral nerve regeneration. Injury, 2013, 44(10):1295-1301.
37.	Ghayemi N, Haghighat A, Amini K, et al. Functional effect of local administration of glial derived neurotrophic factor combined with inside-out artery graft on sciatic nerve regeneration in rat. Int J Surg, 2014, 12(5):457-463.
38.	Gravvanis AI, Tsoutsos DA, Tagaris GA, et al. Beneficial effect of nerve growth factor-7S on peripheral nerve regeneration through inside-out vein grafts:an experimental study. Microsurgery, 2004, 24(5):408-415.
39.	Moimas S, Novati F, Ronchi G, et al. Effect of vascular endothelial growth factor gene therapy on post-traumatic peripheral nerve regeneration and denervation-related muscle atrophy. Gene Ther, 2013, 20(10):1014-1021.
40.	Lee YH, Shieh SJ. Secondary nerve reconstruction using vein conduit grafts for neglected digital nerve injuries. Microsurgery, 2008, 28(6):436-440.
41.	Ahmad I, Akhtar MS. Use of vein conduit and isolated nerve graft in peripheral nerve repair:a comparative study. Plast Surg Int, 2014, 2014:587968.
42.	Manoli T, Schulz L, Stahl S, et al. Evaluation of sensory recovery after reconstruction of digital nerves of the hand using muscle-invein conduits in comparison to nerve suture or nerve autografting. Microsurgery, 2014, 34(8):608-615.
43.	Jeudy J, Raimbeau G, Rabarin F, et al. Neuroma-in-continuity of the median nerve managed by nerve expansion and direct suture with vein conduit. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res, 2014, 100(4 Suppl):S267-270.
44.	Battiston B, Tos P, Cushway T, et al. Nerve repair by means of vein filled with muscle grafts. Clinical results. Microsurgery, 2000, 20(1):32-36.
45.	Flores LP. The use of autogenous veins for microsurgical repair of the sural nerve after nerve biopsy. Neurosurgery, 2010, 66(6 Suppl Operative):238-243.
46.	Terzis JK, Kostas I. Vein grafts used as nerve conduits for obstetrical brachial plexus palsy reconstruction. Plast Reconstr Surg, 2007, 120(7):1930-1941.
47.	Fujita S, Tojyo I, Yamada M, et al. Outcome following lingual nerve repair with vein graft cuff:a preliminary report. J Oral Maxillofac Surg, 2014, 72(7):1433. e1-7.

1. IJkema-Paassen J, Jansen K, Gramsbergen A, et al. Transection of peripheral nerves, bridging strategies and effect evaluation. Biomaterials, 2004, 25(9):1583-1592.
2. Griffin JW, Hogan MV, Chhabra AB, et al. Peripheral nerve repair and reconstruction. J Bone Joint Surg (Am), 2013, 95(23):2144-2151.
3. Pang Y, Hong Q, Zheng J. Sensory reinnervation of muscle spindles after repair of tibial nerve defects using autogenous vein grafts. Neural Regen Res, 2014, 9(6):610-615.
4. IJpma FF, Nicolai JP, Meek MF, et al. Sural nerve donor-site morbidity thirty-four years of follow-up. Ann Plast Surg, 2006, 57(4):391-395.
5. Risitano G, Cavallaro G, Merrino T, et al. Clinical results and thoughts on sensory nerve repair by autologous vein graft in emergency hand reconstruction. Chir Main, 2002, 21(3):194-197.
6. Marcoccio I, Vigasio A. Muscle-in-vein nerve guide for secondary reconstruction in digital nerve lesions. J Hand Surg (Am), 2010, 35(9):1418-1426.
7. Acar M, Karacalar A, Ayyildiz M, et al. The effect of autogenous vein grafts on nerve repair with size discrepancy in rats:an electrophysiological and stereological analysis. Brain Res, 2008, 1198:171-181.
8. Tseng CY, Hu G, Ambron RT, et al. Histologic analysis of Schwann cell migration and peripheral nerve regeneration in the autogenous venous nerve conduit (AVNC). J Reconstr Microsurg, 2003, 19(5):331-340.
9. Levine MH, Yates KE, Kaban LB. Nerve growth factor is expressed in rat femoral vein. J Oral Maxillofac Surg, 2002, 60(7):729-733.
10. Lavasani M, Gehrmann S, Gharaibeh B, et al. Venous graft-derived cells participate in peripheral nerve regeneration. PLoS One, 2011, 6(9):e24801.
11. Demir A, Simsek T, Acar M, et al. Comparison between flexible collagen and vein conduits used for size-discrepant nerve repair:an experimental study in rats. J Reconstr Microsurg, 2014, 30(5):329-334.
12. Jeon WJ, Kang JW, Park JH, et al. Clinical application of insideout vein grafts for the treatment of sensory nerve segmental defect. Microsurgery, 2011, 31(4):268-273.
13. Couturier CA, Dauge MC, Henin D, et al. Nerve repair using a composite graft of vein and denatured skeletal muscle:morphologic analysis. J Reconstr Microsurg, 2002, 18(8):681-688.
14. Zhang F, Blain B, Beck J, et al. Autogenous venous graft with one-stage prepared Schwann cells as a conduit for repair of long segmental nerve defects. J Reconstr Microsurg, 2002, 18(4):295-300.
15. Strauch B, Rodriguez DM, Diaz J, et al. Autologous Schwann cells drive regeneration through a 6-cm autogenous venous nerve conduit. J Reconstr Microsurg, 2001, 17(8):589-595.
16. Chiu DT. Autogenous venous nerve conduits. A review. Hand Clin, 1999, 15(4):667-671.
17. Battiston B, Geuna S, Ferrero M, et al. Nerve repair by means of tubulization:literature review and personal clinical experience comparing biological and synthetic conduits for sensory nerve repair. Microsurgery, 2005, 25(4):258-267.
18. Geuna S, Tos P, Titolo P, et al. Update on nerve repair by biological tubulization. J Brachial Plex Peripher Nerve Inj, 2014, 9(1):3.
19. Barcelos AS, Rodrigues AC, Silva MD, et al. Inside-out vein graft and inside-out artery graft in rat sciatic nerve repair. Microsurgery, 2003, 23(1):66-71.
20. Ferrari F, De Castro Rodrigues A, Malvezzi CK, et al. Inside-out vs. standard vein graft to repair a sensory nerve in rats. Anat Rec, 1999, 256(3):227-232.
21. Li YL, Gao ZQ, Wang ZL, et al. Autogenous inside-out versus standard vein and skeletal muscle-combined grafting for facial nerve repair. Neural Regen Res, 2010, 5(4):282-286.
22. Geuna S, Tos P, Battiston B, et al. Bridging peripheral nerve defects with muscle-vein combined guides. Neurol Res, 2004, 26(2):139-144.
23. Geuna S, Nicolino S, Raimondo S, et al. Nerve regeneration along bioengineered scaffolds. Microsurgery, 2007, 27(5):429-438.
24. Nicolino S, Panetto A, Raimondo S, et al. Denervation and reinnervation of adult skeletal muscle modulate mRNA expression of neuregulin-1 and ErbB receptors. Microsurgery, 2009, 29(6):464-472.
25. Ulkür E, Yüksel F, Açikel C, et al. Comparison of functional results of nerve graft, vein graft, and vein filled with muscle graft in end-toside neurorrhaphy. Microsurgery, 2003, 23(1):40-48.
26. 李予鲁, 高志强, 王辉, 等. 自体非神经组织材料移植修复面神经短距离缺损. 中国临床康复, 2005, 9(26):138-140.
27. Tos P, Battiston B, Nicolino S, et al. Comparison of fresh and predegenerated muscle-vein-combined guides for the repair of rat median nerve. Microsurgery, 2007, 27(1):48-55.
28. Fansa H, Keilhoff G. Comparison of different biogenic matrices seeded with cultured Schwann cells for bridging peripheral nerve defects. Neurol Res, 2004, 26(2):167-173.
29. Li R, Liu Z, Pan Y, et al. Peripheral nerve injuries treatment:a systematic review. Cell Biochem Biophys, 2014, 68(3):449-454.
30. Georgiou M, Golding JP, Loughlin AJ, et al. Engineered neural tissue with aligned, differentiated adipose-derived stem cells promotes peripheral nerve regeneration across a critical sized defect in rat sciatic nerve. Biomaterials, 2015, 37:242-251.
31. Tamaki T, Hirata M, Soeda S, et al. Preferential and comprehensive reconstitution of severely damaged sciatic nerve using murine skeletal muscle-derived multipotent stem cells. PLoS One, 2014, 9(3):e91257.
32. Haghighat A, Mohammadi R, Amini K. Transplantation of undifferentiated bone-marrow stromal cells into a vein graft accelerates sciatic nerveregeneration in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Curr Neurovasc Res, 2014, 11(3):230-241.
33. Seyed Foroutan K, Khodarahmi A, Alavi H, et al. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell and vein conduit on sciatic nerve repair in rats. Trauma Mon, 2015, 20(1):e23325.
34. Mohammadi R, Azizi S, Delirezh N, et al. Transplantation of uncultured omental adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction improves sciatic nerveregeneration and functional recovery through inside-out vein graft in rats. J Trauma Acute Care Surg, 2012, 72(2):390-396.
35. Tamaki T. Bridging long gap peripheral nerve injury using skeletal muscle-derived multipotent stem cells. Neural Regen Res, 2014, 9(14):1333-1336.
36. Mohammadi R, Esmaeil-Sani Z, Amini K. Effect of local administration of insulin-like growth factor I combined with insideout artery graft on peripheral nerve regeneration. Injury, 2013, 44(10):1295-1301.
37. Ghayemi N, Haghighat A, Amini K, et al. Functional effect of local administration of glial derived neurotrophic factor combined with inside-out artery graft on sciatic nerve regeneration in rat. Int J Surg, 2014, 12(5):457-463.
38. Gravvanis AI, Tsoutsos DA, Tagaris GA, et al. Beneficial effect of nerve growth factor-7S on peripheral nerve regeneration through inside-out vein grafts:an experimental study. Microsurgery, 2004, 24(5):408-415.
39. Moimas S, Novati F, Ronchi G, et al. Effect of vascular endothelial growth factor gene therapy on post-traumatic peripheral nerve regeneration and denervation-related muscle atrophy. Gene Ther, 2013, 20(10):1014-1021.
40. Lee YH, Shieh SJ. Secondary nerve reconstruction using vein conduit grafts for neglected digital nerve injuries. Microsurgery, 2008, 28(6):436-440.
41. Ahmad I, Akhtar MS. Use of vein conduit and isolated nerve graft in peripheral nerve repair:a comparative study. Plast Surg Int, 2014, 2014:587968.
42. Manoli T, Schulz L, Stahl S, et al. Evaluation of sensory recovery after reconstruction of digital nerves of the hand using muscle-invein conduits in comparison to nerve suture or nerve autografting. Microsurgery, 2014, 34(8):608-615.
43. Jeudy J, Raimbeau G, Rabarin F, et al. Neuroma-in-continuity of the median nerve managed by nerve expansion and direct suture with vein conduit. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res, 2014, 100(4 Suppl):S267-270.
44. Battiston B, Tos P, Cushway T, et al. Nerve repair by means of vein filled with muscle grafts. Clinical results. Microsurgery, 2000, 20(1):32-36.
45. Flores LP. The use of autogenous veins for microsurgical repair of the sural nerve after nerve biopsy. Neurosurgery, 2010, 66(6 Suppl Operative):238-243.
46. Terzis JK, Kostas I. Vein grafts used as nerve conduits for obstetrical brachial plexus palsy reconstruction. Plast Reconstr Surg, 2007, 120(7):1930-1941.
47. Fujita S, Tojyo I, Yamada M, et al. Outcome following lingual nerve repair with vein graft cuff:a preliminary report. J Oral Maxillofac Surg, 2014, 72(7):1433. e1-7.

Chinese Journal of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery

RESEARCH PROGRESS OF AUTOLOGOUS VEIN NERVE CONDUIT FOR REPAIR OF PERIPHERAL NERVE DEFECT

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