ESTABLISHMENT OF INTERVERTEBRAL DISC DEGENERATION OF RABBITS BY USING MINIMALLY INVASIVE ACUPUNCTURE AND ROTARY-CUTTING_Chinese Journal of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery

Authors：

TANWeiwei ¹ ,  HEShenghua ² , SUNZhitao ² , WANGYeguang ² , WANGJian ² , LAIJuyi ³

1. Graduate Department of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei Anhui, 230000, P.R.China;
2. No.3 Department of Orthopaedics, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital;
3. Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine;

Corresponding author：

HEShenghua, Email: heshenghua99@163.com

Keywords：

Minimally invasive modeling; Acupuncture and rotary-cutting; Disc degeneration; Rabbit

DOI：

10.7507/1002-1892.20160067

Video：

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Objective To investigate the feasibility of establishing intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) model by using minimally invasive acupuncture and rotary-cutting. Methods Forty New Zealand white rabbits [male or female, (2.9±0.3) kg in weight] were randomly divided into control group (n=20) and experimental group (n=20). No treatment was done in the control group; percutaneous puncture was performed on L_{4, 5} and L_{5, 6} intervertebral disc by using 18G needle under C-arm X-ray monitoring for rotary-cutting of nucleus pulposus to promote degeneration of the disc in the experimental group. At 4, 8, 12, and 16 weeks after operation, general observation and MRI observation were done, and intervertebral disc degeneration was accessed based on Pfirrmann grade; the specimens were harvested for Masson staining and Safranine O staining. Results The nucleus pulposus showed dark colors and reduced elasticity in the experimental group when compared with the control group. T2-weighted MRI images indicated that the disc signal intensity of control group had no obvious change at early stage, and weakened slightly at late stage; disc signal intensity of the experimental group decreased with time. According to Pfirrmann grade for disc degeneration, disc degeneration degree was significantly aggravated with time in 2 groups (P < 0.05); degeneration was significantly more severe in the experimental group than the control group at the other time points (P < 0.05) except 4 weeks (P > 0.05). Masson staining results showed that irregular arrangement of annulus with integrate structure was observed in the control group with time; the annulus of the experimental group arranged in disorder, or even disc fibrous circle rupture appeared with time. Safranin O staining showed that the nucleus pulposus cells reduced significantly in the experimental group, but did not in the control group. Conclusion Minimally invasive acupuncture and rotary-cutting could successfully establish the IDD model in rabbits.

Citation： TANWeiwei, HEShenghua, SUNZhitao, WANGYeguang, WANGJian, LAIJuyi. ESTABLISHMENT OF INTERVERTEBRAL DISC DEGENERATION OF RABBITS BY USING MINIMALLY INVASIVE ACUPUNCTURE AND ROTARY-CUTTING. Chinese Journal of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery, 2016, 30(3): 343-347. doi: 10.7507/1002-1892.20160067 Copy

1.	Masuda K, Aota Y, Muehleman C, et al. A novel rabbit model of mild, reproducible disc degeneration by an anulus needle puncture: correlation between the degree of disc injury and radiological and histological appearances of disc degeneration. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 2005, 30(1): 5-14.
2.	Sobajima S, Kompel JF, Kim JS, et al. A slowly progressive and reproducible animal model of intervertebral disc degeneration characterized by MRI, X-ray, and histology. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 2005, 30(1): 15-24.
3.	王珏, 张雷, 刘杨青, 等.经皮微创纤维环穿刺法制作兔椎间盘退变模型.第三军医大学学报, 2013, 35(15): 1579-1582.
4.	Pfirrmann CW, Metzdorf A, Zanetti M, et al. Magnetic resonance classification of lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 2001, 26(17): 1873-1878.
5.	Silberberg R. The vertebral column of diabetic sand rats (psammomys obesus). Exp Cell Biol, 1988, 56(4): 217-220.
6.	吴靖平, 陈统一, 陈中伟, 等.双后肢大鼠椎间盘退变动物模型的建立.中华实验外科杂志, 2004, 21(1): 105-107.
7.	Clouel J, Pot-Vaucel M, Grimandi G, et al. Characterization of the age-dependent intervertebral disc changes in rabbit by correlation between MRI, histology and gene expression. BMC Musculoskelet Disorrl, 2011, 12: 147.
8.	夏冬冬, 林胜磊, 赵浩增, 等.建立剪切应力导致椎间盘退变模型.医用生物力学, 2013, 28(5): 490-495.
9.	韦文姜, 郭文波, 吴志强, 等.兔纤维环穿刺及终板下椎骨缺血诱导下椎间盘退变模型的建立.影像诊断与介入放射学, 2014, 23(4): 283-287.
10.	Sobajima S, Shimer AL, Chadderdon RC, et al. Quantitative analysis of gene expression in a rabbit model of intervertebral disc degeneration by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Spine J, 2005, 5(1): 14-23.
11.	贺庆, 李兵, 卓祥龙, 等.经皮纤维环穿刺与经肌间隙纤维环刀刺建立兔椎间盘退变模型.中国组织工程研究, 2014, 18(13): 2059-2064.
12.	吕浩然, 刘尚礼, 丁悦, 等.兔腰椎间盘退变模型的建立及影像学分析.中国临床解剖学杂志, 2005, 23(6): 643-647.
13.	Alini M, Eisenstein SM, Ito K, et al. Are animal models useful for studying human disc disorders/degeneration. Eur Spine J, 2008, 17(1): 2-19.
14.	谢林, 顾军, 唐田, 等.山羊腰椎间盘退变微创动物模型研究.实用骨科杂志, 2015, 21(8): 709-713.
15.	Kim KS, Yoon ST, Li J, et al. Disc degeneration in the rabbit: a biochemical and radiological comparison between four disc injury models. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 2005, 30(1): 33-37.
16.	吴健, 唐天驷, 王根林, 等.兔腰椎间盘退变模型的建立及影像学分析.苏州大学学报(医学版), 2007, 27(4): 552-554.
17.	Michalek AJ, Buckley MR, Bonassar LJ, et al. The effects of needle puncture injury on microscale shear strain in the intervertebral disc annulus fibrosus. Spine J, 2010, 10(12): 1098-1105.
18.	Longo UGL, Ripalda P, Denaro V, et al. Morphologic comparison of cervical, thoracic, lumbar intervertebral discs of cynomolgus monkey (Macaca fascicularis). Eur Spine J, 2006, 15(12): 1845-1851.
19.	桂柯科, 俞永林, 任伟民, 等.富血小板血浆(PRP)对兔早期椎间盘退变(IDD)的干预作用.复旦学报(医学版), 2015, 42(2): 204-211, 229.

1. Masuda K, Aota Y, Muehleman C, et al. A novel rabbit model of mild, reproducible disc degeneration by an anulus needle puncture: correlation between the degree of disc injury and radiological and histological appearances of disc degeneration. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 2005, 30(1): 5-14.
2. Sobajima S, Kompel JF, Kim JS, et al. A slowly progressive and reproducible animal model of intervertebral disc degeneration characterized by MRI, X-ray, and histology. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 2005, 30(1): 15-24.
3. 王珏, 张雷, 刘杨青, 等.经皮微创纤维环穿刺法制作兔椎间盘退变模型.第三军医大学学报, 2013, 35(15): 1579-1582.
4. Pfirrmann CW, Metzdorf A, Zanetti M, et al. Magnetic resonance classification of lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 2001, 26(17): 1873-1878.
5. Silberberg R. The vertebral column of diabetic sand rats (psammomys obesus). Exp Cell Biol, 1988, 56(4): 217-220.
6. 吴靖平, 陈统一, 陈中伟, 等.双后肢大鼠椎间盘退变动物模型的建立.中华实验外科杂志, 2004, 21(1): 105-107.
7. Clouel J, Pot-Vaucel M, Grimandi G, et al. Characterization of the age-dependent intervertebral disc changes in rabbit by correlation between MRI, histology and gene expression. BMC Musculoskelet Disorrl, 2011, 12: 147.
8. 夏冬冬, 林胜磊, 赵浩增, 等.建立剪切应力导致椎间盘退变模型.医用生物力学, 2013, 28(5): 490-495.
9. 韦文姜, 郭文波, 吴志强, 等.兔纤维环穿刺及终板下椎骨缺血诱导下椎间盘退变模型的建立.影像诊断与介入放射学, 2014, 23(4): 283-287.
10. Sobajima S, Shimer AL, Chadderdon RC, et al. Quantitative analysis of gene expression in a rabbit model of intervertebral disc degeneration by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Spine J, 2005, 5(1): 14-23.
11. 贺庆, 李兵, 卓祥龙, 等.经皮纤维环穿刺与经肌间隙纤维环刀刺建立兔椎间盘退变模型.中国组织工程研究, 2014, 18(13): 2059-2064.
12. 吕浩然, 刘尚礼, 丁悦, 等.兔腰椎间盘退变模型的建立及影像学分析.中国临床解剖学杂志, 2005, 23(6): 643-647.
13. Alini M, Eisenstein SM, Ito K, et al. Are animal models useful for studying human disc disorders/degeneration. Eur Spine J, 2008, 17(1): 2-19.
14. 谢林, 顾军, 唐田, 等.山羊腰椎间盘退变微创动物模型研究.实用骨科杂志, 2015, 21(8): 709-713.
15. Kim KS, Yoon ST, Li J, et al. Disc degeneration in the rabbit: a biochemical and radiological comparison between four disc injury models. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 2005, 30(1): 33-37.
16. 吴健, 唐天驷, 王根林, 等.兔腰椎间盘退变模型的建立及影像学分析.苏州大学学报(医学版), 2007, 27(4): 552-554.
17. Michalek AJ, Buckley MR, Bonassar LJ, et al. The effects of needle puncture injury on microscale shear strain in the intervertebral disc annulus fibrosus. Spine J, 2010, 10(12): 1098-1105.
18. Longo UGL, Ripalda P, Denaro V, et al. Morphologic comparison of cervical, thoracic, lumbar intervertebral discs of cynomolgus monkey (Macaca fascicularis). Eur Spine J, 2006, 15(12): 1845-1851.
19. 桂柯科, 俞永林, 任伟民, 等.富血小板血浆(PRP)对兔早期椎间盘退变(IDD)的干预作用.复旦学报(医学版), 2015, 42(2): 204-211, 229.

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ESTABLISHMENT OF INTERVERTEBRAL DISC DEGENERATION OF RABBITS BY USING MINIMALLY INVASIVE ACUPUNCTURE AND ROTARY-CUTTING

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