EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON RECONSTRUCTION OF PARTIAL DEFECTS OF CERVICAL TRACHEA WITH BACTERIAL CELLULOSE PATCH IN RABBITS_Chinese Journal of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery

Authors：

WANGQing ¹ ,  YOUQingsheng ² , ZHANGTianyi ³ , ZHUChanglai ³ , TIANLei ⁴

1. Department of Surgery, Nantong Tumour Hospital, Nantong Jiangsu, 226361, P.R.China;
2. Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University;
3. Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration, Nantong University;
4. Department of Cardiac Surgery ICU, Xijing Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of the Fourth Military Medical University;

Corresponding author：

YOUQingsheng, Email: kmxzmwg@163.com

Keywords：

Bacterial cellulose; Tracheal defect; Repair and reconstruction; Rabbit

DOI：

10.7507/1002-1892.20160153

Video：

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Objective To investigate the feasibility of bacterial cellulose patch to repair and reconstruct rabbit tracheal defect, so as to lay the foundation for the development of bacterial cellulose artificial trachea. Methods Thirty adult rabbits (weighing, 2.5-3.5 kg) were selected to establish full-thickness defect of the cervical trachea (1.0 cm×0.6 cm in size) which involved the anterior and side walls and 2-3 rings. Defect was repaired with sheet bacterial cellulose (1.2 cm in diameter and 6 layers) in experimental group (n=15), and with autologous cervical fascia in control group (n=15). The general condition of the animals was observed after operation; after 4, 8, and 12 weeks, the samples were obtained for measuring the tracheal stenosis degree, counting new microvessels, and observing lumen reconstruction situation by scanning electron microscope. Results Three rabbits died of infection, tracheal stenosis, or asphyxia caused by airway secretions retention in 2 groups respectively, and the other rabbits survived to the end of experiment. Gross observation showed that reconstruction materials gradually adhered to adjacent tissue and were enwrapped by connective tissue, small blood vessels like nutrient vessel were seen in 2 groups; no significant difference was found in the tracheal lumen stenosis degree between 2 groups (P > 0.05). Histological observation showed that the continuous growth of mucosal epithelial cells was observed near patch and anastomosis site with time, and cell morphology gradually turned mature in experimental group; while mucosal epithelial cells arranged loosely in control group. At each time point, new capillaries of experimental group were significantly more than those of control group (P < 0.05). Scanning electron microscope observation showed the continuous epithelioid cells were observed at anastomosis site with time, and gradually grew into the middle of the patch in experimental group; while less and discontinuous epithelioid cells were observed in control group. Conclusion Bacterial cellulose patch is feasible to reconstruct cervical tracheal defect in rabbits, and the new mucosa is formed early and completely, so it is expected to be used as artificial trachea material.

Citation： WANGQing, YOUQingsheng, ZHANGTianyi, ZHUChanglai, TIANLei. EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON RECONSTRUCTION OF PARTIAL DEFECTS OF CERVICAL TRACHEA WITH BACTERIAL CELLULOSE PATCH IN RABBITS. Chinese Journal of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery, 2016, 30(6): 748-753. doi: 10.7507/1002-1892.20160153 Copy

1.	Neville WE, Bolanowski JP, Kotia GG. Clinical experience with the silicone tracheal prosthesis. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 1990, 99(4): 604-613.
2.	Klepetko W, Marta GM, Wisser W, et al. Heterotopic tracheal transplantation with omentum wrapping in the abdominal position preserves functional and structural integrity of a human tracheal allograft. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 2004, 127(3): 862-867.
3.	Friedman M, Maryer AD. Laryngotracheal reconstruction in adults with sternocleidomastoid myoperiosteal flap. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol, 1992, 101(11): 897-908.
4.	Dodge-Khatami A, Niessen HW, Koole LH, et al. Tracheal replacement in rabbits with a new composite silicone-metallic prosthesis. Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann, 2003, 11(3): 245-249.
5.	史宏灿. 人工气管的研究进展. 中国修复重建外科杂志, 2005, 19(4): 326-329.
6.	Schultz P, Vantior D, Chluba J, et al. Survival analysis of rats implanted with porous titanium tracheal prosthesis. Ann Thirac Surg, 2002, 73(6): 1747-1751.
7.	Teramachi M, Nevkamura T, Yanamoto Y, et al. Porou-type tracheal prosthesis sealed with collagen sponge. Ann Thorac Surg, 2001, 64(4): 965-969.
8.	Berthod F, Hayek D, Damlour O, et al. Collagen synthesis by fibroblasts cultured within a collagen sponge. Biomaterials, 1993, 14(10): 749-754.
9.	Kojima K, Bonassar LJ, Roy AK, et al. Autologous tissue-engineered trachea with sheep nasal chondrocytes. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 2002, 123(6): 1177-1184.
10.	Helenius G, Backdahl H, Bodin A, et al. In vivo biocompatibility of bacterial cellulose. J Biomed Mater Res A, 2006, 76(2): 431-438.
11.	Costa HO, Souza FC. Evaluation of tissue regeneration of the burned pig’s skin followed by biotissue grafting. Acta Otorrinolaringologia, 2005, 23: 23-27.
12.	Amorim WL, Costa HO, Souza FC, et al. Experimental study of the tissue reaction caused by the presence of cellulose produced by Acetobacter xylinum in the nasal dorsum of rabbits. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol, 2009, 75(2): 200-207.
13.	de Souza FC, Olival-Costa H, da Silva L, et al. Bacterial cellulose as laryngeal medialization material: an experimental study. J Voice, 2010, 25(6): 765-769.
14.	Zahedmanesh H, Mackle JN, Sellborn A, et al. Bacterial cellulose as a potential vascular graft: Mechanical characterization and constitu- tive model development. J Biomed Mater Res Part B Appl Biomater, 2011, 97(1): 105-113.
15.	Pinto RJ, Marques PA, Neto CP, et al. Antibacterial activity of nanocomposites of silver and bacterial or vegetable cellulosic fibers. Acta Biomater, 2009, 5(6): 2279-2289.
16.	Oshima T, Kondo K, Onto K, et al. Preparation of phosphorylated bacterial cellulose as an adsorbent for metal ions. Reactive and Functional Polymers, 2008, 68(1): 376-383.
17.	陆松华, 张天一, 李峰, 等. 细菌纤维素修复兔颈段食管部分缺损的实验研究. 生物医学工程研究, 2011, 30(4): 216-219.
18.	黄涛, 王甩艳, 赖琛, 等. 改良后细菌纤维素人工小口径血管的体外实验研究. 中国医药导刊, 2015, 17(S1): 9-13.
19.	徐晨, 陈世文, 田恒力, 等. 细菌纤维素膜修复兔硬脑膜缺损的早期观察. 上海交通大学学报(医学版), 2013, 33(3): 280-284.

1. Neville WE, Bolanowski JP, Kotia GG. Clinical experience with the silicone tracheal prosthesis. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 1990, 99(4): 604-613.
2. Klepetko W, Marta GM, Wisser W, et al. Heterotopic tracheal transplantation with omentum wrapping in the abdominal position preserves functional and structural integrity of a human tracheal allograft. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 2004, 127(3): 862-867.
3. Friedman M, Maryer AD. Laryngotracheal reconstruction in adults with sternocleidomastoid myoperiosteal flap. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol, 1992, 101(11): 897-908.
4. Dodge-Khatami A, Niessen HW, Koole LH, et al. Tracheal replacement in rabbits with a new composite silicone-metallic prosthesis. Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann, 2003, 11(3): 245-249.
5. 史宏灿. 人工气管的研究进展. 中国修复重建外科杂志, 2005, 19(4): 326-329.
6. Schultz P, Vantior D, Chluba J, et al. Survival analysis of rats implanted with porous titanium tracheal prosthesis. Ann Thirac Surg, 2002, 73(6): 1747-1751.
7. Teramachi M, Nevkamura T, Yanamoto Y, et al. Porou-type tracheal prosthesis sealed with collagen sponge. Ann Thorac Surg, 2001, 64(4): 965-969.
8. Berthod F, Hayek D, Damlour O, et al. Collagen synthesis by fibroblasts cultured within a collagen sponge. Biomaterials, 1993, 14(10): 749-754.
9. Kojima K, Bonassar LJ, Roy AK, et al. Autologous tissue-engineered trachea with sheep nasal chondrocytes. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 2002, 123(6): 1177-1184.
10. Helenius G, Backdahl H, Bodin A, et al. In vivo biocompatibility of bacterial cellulose. J Biomed Mater Res A, 2006, 76(2): 431-438.
11. Costa HO, Souza FC. Evaluation of tissue regeneration of the burned pig’s skin followed by biotissue grafting. Acta Otorrinolaringologia, 2005, 23: 23-27.
12. Amorim WL, Costa HO, Souza FC, et al. Experimental study of the tissue reaction caused by the presence of cellulose produced by Acetobacter xylinum in the nasal dorsum of rabbits. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol, 2009, 75(2): 200-207.
13. de Souza FC, Olival-Costa H, da Silva L, et al. Bacterial cellulose as laryngeal medialization material: an experimental study. J Voice, 2010, 25(6): 765-769.
14. Zahedmanesh H, Mackle JN, Sellborn A, et al. Bacterial cellulose as a potential vascular graft: Mechanical characterization and constitu- tive model development. J Biomed Mater Res Part B Appl Biomater, 2011, 97(1): 105-113.
15. Pinto RJ, Marques PA, Neto CP, et al. Antibacterial activity of nanocomposites of silver and bacterial or vegetable cellulosic fibers. Acta Biomater, 2009, 5(6): 2279-2289.
16. Oshima T, Kondo K, Onto K, et al. Preparation of phosphorylated bacterial cellulose as an adsorbent for metal ions. Reactive and Functional Polymers, 2008, 68(1): 376-383.
17. 陆松华, 张天一, 李峰, 等. 细菌纤维素修复兔颈段食管部分缺损的实验研究. 生物医学工程研究, 2011, 30(4): 216-219.
18. 黄涛, 王甩艳, 赖琛, 等. 改良后细菌纤维素人工小口径血管的体外实验研究. 中国医药导刊, 2015, 17(S1): 9-13.
19. 徐晨, 陈世文, 田恒力, 等. 细菌纤维素膜修复兔硬脑膜缺损的早期观察. 上海交通大学学报(医学版), 2013, 33(3): 280-284.

Chinese Journal of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON RECONSTRUCTION OF PARTIAL DEFECTS OF CERVICAL TRACHEA WITH BACTERIAL CELLULOSE PATCH IN RABBITS

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