Establishment of micro-vessels model of cross-boundary perforator flap in rat via digital technology_Chinese Journal of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery

Authors：

YANG Xi ¹ ,  XU Yongqing ¹ , HE Xiaoqing ¹ , WANG Teng ¹ , WANG Yunjiao ²

1. Department of Orthopedics, Kunming General Hospital of Chinese PLA, Kunming Yunnan, 650000, P.R.China;
2. Department of Surgery, Troops 77251 Hospital of Chinese PLA, Kaiyuan Yunnan, 661699, P.R.China;

Corresponding author：

XU Yongqing, Email: xuyongqingkm@163.net

Keywords：

Cross-boundary perforator flap; micro-CT; three-dimensional reconstruction; digital technology; Rat

DOI：

10.7507/1002-1892.201705006

Video：

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Objective To investigate the feasibility and application value of digital technology in establishing the micro-vessels model of cross-boundary perforator flap in rat. Methods Twenty 8-week-old female Sprague Dawley rats, weighing 280-300 g, were used to established micro-vessels model. The cross-boundary perforator flaps of 10 cm×3 cm in size were prepared at the dorsum of 20 rats; then the flaps were suturedin situ. Ten rats were randomly picked up at 3 and 7 days after operation in order to observe the necrosis of flap and measure the percentage of flap necrosis area; the lead-oxide gelatin solution was used for vessels perfusion; flaps were harvested and three-dimensional reconstruction of micro-vessel was performed after micro-CT scanning. Vascular volume and total length were measured via Matlable 7.0 software. Results The percentage of flap necrosis area at 3 days after operation was 19.08%±3.64%, which was significantly lower than that at 7 days (39.76%±3.76%;t=10.361, P=0.029). Three-dimensional reconstruction via the micro-CT clearly showed the morphological alteration of micro-vessel of the flap. At 3 days after operation, the vascular volume of the flap was (1 240.23±89.71) mm³ and the total length was (245.94±29.38) mm. At 7 days after operation, the vascular volume of the flap was (1 036.96±88.97) mm³ and the total length was (143.20±30.28) mm. There were significant differences in the vascular volume and the total length between different time points (t=5.088, P=0.000; t=7.701, P=0.000). Conclusion The digital technology can be applied to visually observe and objectively evaluate the morphological alteration of the micro-vessels of the flap, and provide technical support for the study of vascular model of flap.

Citation： YANG Xi, XU Yongqing, HE Xiaoqing, WANG Teng, WANG Yunjiao. Establishment of micro-vessels model of cross-boundary perforator flap in rat via digital technology. Chinese Journal of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery, 2017, 31(12): 1485-1489. doi: 10.7507/1002-1892.201705006 Copy

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2.	Morris SF, Tang M, Almutari K, et al. The anatomic basis of perforator flaps. Clin Plast Surg, 2010, 37(4): 553-570.
3.	孙文聪, 刘继全, 翟保平. 大鼠穿支皮瓣模型及皮瓣存活影响因素研究进展. 中华实用诊断与治疗杂志, 2015, 29(4): 330-332.
4.	陶友伦, 庄跃宏, 张世民, 等. 穿支皮瓣血流动力学模型的建立及研究进展. 中华医学杂志, 2015, 95(11): 870-872.
5.	陶友伦, 陈绍鹤, 徐世敏, 等. 大鼠皮动脉外径与其营养范围的定量测量和回归分析. 中国临床解剖学杂志, 2009, 27(5): 558-562.
6.	庄跃宏, 胡斯旺, 吴东方, 等. 一种研究 choke 血管新的动物模型—大鼠背部皮窗. 中国临床解剖学杂志, 2011, 29 (6): 609-613.
7.	Schambach SJ, Bag S, Groden C, et al. Vascular imaging in small rodents using micro-CT. Methods, 2010, 50(1): 26-35.
8.	Hu JZ, Wu TD, Zhang T, et al. Three-dimensional alteration of microvasculature in a rat model of traumatic spinal cord injury. J Neurosci Methods, 2012, 204(1): 150-158.
9.	Thomas BP, Geddes CR, Tang M, et al. The vascular basis of the thoracodorsal artery perforator flap. Plast Reconstr Surg, 2005, 116(3): 818-822.
10.	胡斯旺, 毛海蛟, 庄跃宏, 等. 再探大鼠背部穿支体区间 choke 血管变化规律. 中国临床解剖学杂志, 2014, 32(6): 690-693.
11.	戴开宇, 胡斯旺, 庄跃宏, 等. 大鼠背部跨区皮瓣的 Choke 静脉的变化规律. 解剖学报, 2013, 44(2): 238-244.
12.	何智灵, 高伟阳, 李俊杰, 等. 大鼠背部单一穿支蒂皮瓣的实验研究. 中华整形外科杂志, 2014, 30(1): 40-44.
13.	杨曦, 徐永清, 何晓清. 显微 CT 对小动物血管三维成像的研究进展. 中国骨与关节损伤杂志, 2016, 31(3): 334-336.
14.	Ritman EL. Micro-computed tomography-current status and developments. Annu Rev Biomed Eng, 2004, 6: 185-208.
15.	Vasquez SX, Gao F, Su F, et al. Optimization of microCT imaging and blood vessel diameter quantitation of preclinical specimen vasculature with radiopaque polymer injection medium. PLoS One, 2011, 6(4): e19099.
16.	van Alphen NA, Morsy M, Laungani AT, et al. A three-dimensional micro-computed tomographic study of the intraosseous lunate vasculature: Implications for surgical intervention and the development of avascular necrosis. Plast Reconstr Surg, 2016, 138(5): 869e-878e.
17.	毛以华, 朱昭炜, 丁茂超, 等. 应用高分辨率显微 CT 进行大鼠周围神经微血管三维可视化研究. 解剖学报, 2013, 44(3): 353-356.
18.	楼新法, 梅劲, Christopher R. Geddes, 等. 明胶-氧化铅血管造影术的优化. 中国临床解剖学杂志, 2006, 24(2): 259-262.
19.	薛兰, 吴志海, 汤莹莹, 等. 激光多普勒对大鼠背部 3 种皮瓣模型的血流动力学特点研究. 中国临床解剖学杂志, 2016, 34(1): 6-11.
20.	陈绍鹤, 唐茂林, 陶友伦, 等. 大鼠主要皮动脉的形态计量学及其相互关系. 解剖学报, 2010, 41(4): 626-630.

1. Taylor GI, Corlett RJ, Dhar SC, et al. The anatomical (angiosome) and clinical territories of cutaneous perforating arteries: development of the concept and designing safe flaps. Plast Reconstr Surg, 2011, 127(4): 1447-1459.
2. Morris SF, Tang M, Almutari K, et al. The anatomic basis of perforator flaps. Clin Plast Surg, 2010, 37(4): 553-570.
3. 孙文聪, 刘继全, 翟保平. 大鼠穿支皮瓣模型及皮瓣存活影响因素研究进展. 中华实用诊断与治疗杂志, 2015, 29(4): 330-332.
4. 陶友伦, 庄跃宏, 张世民, 等. 穿支皮瓣血流动力学模型的建立及研究进展. 中华医学杂志, 2015, 95(11): 870-872.
5. 陶友伦, 陈绍鹤, 徐世敏, 等. 大鼠皮动脉外径与其营养范围的定量测量和回归分析. 中国临床解剖学杂志, 2009, 27(5): 558-562.
6. 庄跃宏, 胡斯旺, 吴东方, 等. 一种研究 choke 血管新的动物模型—大鼠背部皮窗. 中国临床解剖学杂志, 2011, 29 (6): 609-613.
7. Schambach SJ, Bag S, Groden C, et al. Vascular imaging in small rodents using micro-CT. Methods, 2010, 50(1): 26-35.
8. Hu JZ, Wu TD, Zhang T, et al. Three-dimensional alteration of microvasculature in a rat model of traumatic spinal cord injury. J Neurosci Methods, 2012, 204(1): 150-158.
9. Thomas BP, Geddes CR, Tang M, et al. The vascular basis of the thoracodorsal artery perforator flap. Plast Reconstr Surg, 2005, 116(3): 818-822.
10. 胡斯旺, 毛海蛟, 庄跃宏, 等. 再探大鼠背部穿支体区间 choke 血管变化规律. 中国临床解剖学杂志, 2014, 32(6): 690-693.
11. 戴开宇, 胡斯旺, 庄跃宏, 等. 大鼠背部跨区皮瓣的 Choke 静脉的变化规律. 解剖学报, 2013, 44(2): 238-244.
12. 何智灵, 高伟阳, 李俊杰, 等. 大鼠背部单一穿支蒂皮瓣的实验研究. 中华整形外科杂志, 2014, 30(1): 40-44.
13. 杨曦, 徐永清, 何晓清. 显微 CT 对小动物血管三维成像的研究进展. 中国骨与关节损伤杂志, 2016, 31(3): 334-336.
14. Ritman EL. Micro-computed tomography-current status and developments. Annu Rev Biomed Eng, 2004, 6: 185-208.
15. Vasquez SX, Gao F, Su F, et al. Optimization of microCT imaging and blood vessel diameter quantitation of preclinical specimen vasculature with radiopaque polymer injection medium. PLoS One, 2011, 6(4): e19099.
16. van Alphen NA, Morsy M, Laungani AT, et al. A three-dimensional micro-computed tomographic study of the intraosseous lunate vasculature: Implications for surgical intervention and the development of avascular necrosis. Plast Reconstr Surg, 2016, 138(5): 869e-878e.
17. 毛以华, 朱昭炜, 丁茂超, 等. 应用高分辨率显微 CT 进行大鼠周围神经微血管三维可视化研究. 解剖学报, 2013, 44(3): 353-356.
18. 楼新法, 梅劲, Christopher R. Geddes, 等. 明胶-氧化铅血管造影术的优化. 中国临床解剖学杂志, 2006, 24(2): 259-262.
19. 薛兰, 吴志海, 汤莹莹, 等. 激光多普勒对大鼠背部 3 种皮瓣模型的血流动力学特点研究. 中国临床解剖学杂志, 2016, 34(1): 6-11.
20. 陈绍鹤, 唐茂林, 陶友伦, 等. 大鼠主要皮动脉的形态计量学及其相互关系. 解剖学报, 2010, 41(4): 626-630.

Chinese Journal of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery

Establishment of micro-vessels model of cross-boundary perforator flap in rat via digital technology

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