Research progress of intraspinal solitary fibrous tumor_Chinese Journal of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery

Authors：

ZHENG Shengyuan , CHEN Hong , HAN Jiaheng ,  ZHU Qingsan

Department of Orthopedics, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun Jilin, 130031, P. R. China;

Corresponding author：

ZHU Qingsan, Email: zhuqs@jlu.edu.cn

Keywords：

Intraspinal solitary fibrous tumor; diagnosis; treatment

DOI：

10.7507/1002-1892.202209084

Video：

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Objective To review the research progress of intraspinal solitary fibrous tumor (SFT). Methods The domestic and foreign researches on intraspinal SFT were extensively reviewed and analyzed from four aspects, including disease origin, pathological and radiological characteristics, diagnosis and differential diagnosis, and treatment and prognosis. Results SFT is an interstitial fibroblastic tumor with a low probability of occurrence in the central nervous system, especially in the spinal canal. In 2016, the World Health Organization (WHO) used the joint diagnostic term “SFT/hemangiopericytoma” according to the pathological characteristics of mesenchymal fibroblasts, which can be divided into three levels according to specific characteristics. The diagnosis process of intraspinal SFT is complex and tedious. It has relatively variable imaging manifestations and specific pathological changes of NAB2-STAT6 fusion gene, which often requires differential diagnosis with neurinoma, meningioma, etc. The treatment of SFT is mainly resection, which can be assisted by radiotherapy to improve the prognosis. Conclusion Intraspinal SFT is a rare disease. Surgery is still the main treatment. It is recommended to combine preoperative or postoperative radiotherapy. The efficacy of chemotherapy is still unclear. In the future, more studies are expected to establish a systematic diagnosis and treatment strategy for intraspinal SFT.

Citation： ZHENG Shengyuan, CHEN Hong, HAN Jiaheng, ZHU Qingsan. Research progress of intraspinal solitary fibrous tumor. Chinese Journal of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery, 2023, 37(2): 228-232. doi: 10.7507/1002-1892.202209084 Copy

1.	Jallo GI, Roonprapunt C, Kothbauer K, et al. Spinal solitary fibrous tumors: a series of four patients: case report. Neurosurgery, 2005, 57(1): E195. doi: 10.1227/01.NEU.0000163420.33635.9F.
2.	Tian TT, Wu JT, Hu XH, et al. Imaging findings of solitary fibrous tumor in the abdomen and pelvis. Abdom Imaging, 2014, 39(6): 1323-1329.
3.	Nishida K, Ubukata H, Konishi S, et al. A giant solitary fibrous tumor of the mesentery: a case report and literature review. World J Surg Oncol, 2015, 13: 17. doi: 10.1186/s12957-014-0422-4.
4.	Carneiro SS, Scheithauer BW, Nascimento AG, et al. Solitary fibrous tumor of the meninges: a lesion distinct from fibrous meningioma. A clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study. Am J Clin Pathol, 1996, 106(2): 217-224.
5.	Hyodo R, Komada T, Takada A, et al. Solitary fibrous tumors in the extremities: imaging findings for six patients. Nagoya J Med Sci, 2015, 77(1-2): 167-178.
6.	Ascione R, Crocetto F, Ponsiglione A, et al. A rare case of solitary fibrous tumour of the pelvis in an 18-year-old young man: CT and MRI features with pathologic correlations. Res Rep Urol, 2020, 12: 687-690.
7.	Wang X, Shen J, Cui H, et al. Preoperative transarterial embolization of a recurrent orbital solitary fibrous tumor with significant hypervascularity: a case report. BMC Surg, 2021, 21(1): 92. doi: 10.1186/s12893-020-01041-x.
8.	Thompson LDR, Lau SK. Sinonasal tract solitary fibrous tumor: A clinicopathologic study of six cases with a comprehensive review of the literature. Head Neck Pathol, 2018, 12(4): 471-480.
9.	Ogawa T, Moriyama E, Beck H, et al. Solitary fibrous tumor of the thoracic spinal cord. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo), 2005, 45(7): 371-374.
10.	Muñoz E, Prat A, Adamo B, et al. A rare case of malignant solitary fibrous tumor of the spinal cord. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 2008, 33(12): E397-E399.
11.	Nagano A, Ohno T, Nishimoto Y, et al. Malignant solitary fibrous tumor of the lumbar spinal root mimicking schwannoma: a case report. Spine J, 2014, 14(1): e17-e20.
12.	张晓娟, 朱燕, 杨其昌, 等. 椎管内恶性孤立性纤维性肿瘤1例及文献复习. 诊断学理论与实践, 2012, 11(2): 163-166.
13.	Colamaria A, Carbone F, Sacco M, et al. Solitary fibrous tumor/hemangiopericytoma of the cervical spine: A systematic review of the literature with an illustrative case. Surg Neurol Int, 2022, 13: 532. doi: 10.25259/SNI_722_2022.
14.	Gengler C, Guillou L. Solitary fibrous tumour and haemangio-pericytoma: evolution of a concept. Histopathology, 2006, 48(1): 63-74.
15.	Park MS, Araujo DM. New insights into the hemangiopericytoma/solitary fibrous tumor spectrum of tumors. Curr Opin Oncol, 2009, 21(4): 327-331.
16.	晏菲, 敖启林, 孙建海, 等. 12例中枢神经系统孤立性纤维性肿瘤的临床病理分析. 华中科技大学学报(医学版), 2011, 40(6): 692-696.
17.	Louis DN, Perry A, Reifenberger G, et al. The 2016 World Health Organization Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System: a summary. Acta Neuropathol, 2016, 131(6): 803-820.
18.	Wang J, Zhao K, Han L, et al. Solitary fibrous tumor/Heman-giopericytoma of spinal cord: A retrospective single-center study of 16 cases. World Neurosurg, 2019, 123: e629-e638.
19.	Yi X, Xiao D, He Y, et al. Spinal solitary fibrous tumor/hemangiopericytoma: A clinicopathologic and radiologic analysis of eleven cases. World Neurosurg, 2017, 104: 318-329.
20.	Sun Z, Li F, Cai X, et al. Intracranial primary malignant solitary fibrous tumor/Hemangiopericytoma masquerading as meningioma: Report of a rare case. Int J Gen Med, 2020, 13: 963-967.
21.	Ronchi A, Cozzolino I, Zito Marino F, et al. Extrapleural solitary fibrous tumor: A distinct entity from pleural solitary fibrous tumor. An update on clinical, molecular and diagnostic features. Ann Diagn Pathol, 2018, 34: 142-150.
22.	Schweizer L, Koelsche C, Sahm F, et al. Meningeal heman-giopericytoma and solitary fibrous tumors carry the NAB2-STAT6 fusion and can be diagnosed by nuclear expression of STAT6 protein. Acta Neuropathol, 2013, 125(5): 651-658.
23.	钟晓江. 孤立性纤维性肿瘤的临床病理免疫组化分析. 中国医药指南, 2015, 13(14): 163.
24.	朱淑琴, 李巍, 李展宇. 孤立性纤维性肿瘤的临床病理研究. 中外医疗, 2019, 38(4): 35-37.
25.	邹飞, 管韵致, 王洪立, 等. 椎管内髓外硬膜下肿瘤的临床特点及病理学构成—167例病例分析. 中国脊柱脊髓杂志, 2014, 24(11): 991-994.
26.	Apra C, El Arbi A, Montero AS, et al. Spinal solitary fibrous tumors: An original multicenter series and systematic review of presentation, management, and prognosis. Cancers (Basel), 2022, 14(12): 2839. doi: 10.3390/cancers14122839.
27.	De Verdelhan O, Haegelen C, Carsin-Nicol B, et al. MR imaging features of spinal schwannomas and meningiomas. J Neuroradiol, 2005, 32(1): 42-49.
28.	Klekamp J. Spinal ependymomas. Part 1: Intramedullary ependymomas. Neurosurg Focus, 2015, 39(2): E6. doi: 10.3171/2015.5.FOCUS15161.
29.	姜亮, 李杰, 刘忠军, 等. 脊柱血管瘤的诊断与治疗. 中国脊柱脊髓杂志, 2011, 21(1): 38-42.
30.	连媛媛, 徐琦, 杨志涛, 等. 脊柱侵袭性血管瘤典型影像表现. 医学影像学杂志, 2022, 32(9): 1564-1566.
31.	Xu SY, Sun K, Xie HY, et al. Hemorrhagic, calcified, and ossified benign retroperitoneal schwannoma: First case report. Medicine (Baltimore), 2016, 95(30): e4318. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000004318.
32.	Bishop AJ, Zagars GK, Demicco EG, et al. Soft tissue solitary fibrous tumor: Combined surgery and radiation therapy results in excellent local control. Am J Clin Oncol, 2018, 41(1): 81-85.
33.	Gou Q, Xie Y, Ai P. Intracranial solitary fibrous tumor/heman-giopericytoma: Role and choice of postoperative radiotherapy techniques. Front Oncol, 2022, 12: 994335. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2022.994335.
34.	Rana N, Kim E, Jaboin J, et al. The role of adjuvant radiation in the management of solitary fibrous tumors of the central nervous system: A national cancer database analysis of 155 patients. Cureus, 2018, 10(5): e2656. doi: 10.7759/cureus.2656.
35.	Rick LH, Walraven I, Lecointe-Artzner E, et al. Radiation therapy as sole management for solitary fibrous tumors (SFT): A retrospective study from the global SFT initiative in collaboration with the sarcoma patients EuroNet. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys, 2018, 101(5): 1226-1233.
36.	Sahai P, Singh G, Mondal D, et al. Solitary fibrous tumor of the sellar region treated with adjuvant radiation therapy. Asian J Neurosurg, 2016, 11(4): 449. doi: 10.4103/1793-5482.145186.
37.	Spagnuolo RD, Brich S, Bozzi F, et al. Sunitinib-induced morpho-functional changes and drug effectiveness in malignant solitary fibrous tumours. Oncotarget, 2016, 7(29): 45015-45026.
38.	Schuetze SM, Bolejack V, Choy E, et al. Phase 2 study of dasatinib in patients with alveolar soft part sarcoma, chondrosarcoma, chordoma, epithelioid sarcoma, or solitary fibrous tumor. Cancer, 2017, 123(1): 90-97.
39.	DeVito N, Henderson E, Han G, et al. Clinical characteristics and outcomes for solitary fibrous tumor (SFT): A single center experience. PLoS One, 2015, 10(10): e0140362. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0140362.

1. Jallo GI, Roonprapunt C, Kothbauer K, et al. Spinal solitary fibrous tumors: a series of four patients: case report. Neurosurgery, 2005, 57(1): E195. doi: 10.1227/01.NEU.0000163420.33635.9F.
2. Tian TT, Wu JT, Hu XH, et al. Imaging findings of solitary fibrous tumor in the abdomen and pelvis. Abdom Imaging, 2014, 39(6): 1323-1329.
3. Nishida K, Ubukata H, Konishi S, et al. A giant solitary fibrous tumor of the mesentery: a case report and literature review. World J Surg Oncol, 2015, 13: 17. doi: 10.1186/s12957-014-0422-4.
4. Carneiro SS, Scheithauer BW, Nascimento AG, et al. Solitary fibrous tumor of the meninges: a lesion distinct from fibrous meningioma. A clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study. Am J Clin Pathol, 1996, 106(2): 217-224.
5. Hyodo R, Komada T, Takada A, et al. Solitary fibrous tumors in the extremities: imaging findings for six patients. Nagoya J Med Sci, 2015, 77(1-2): 167-178.
6. Ascione R, Crocetto F, Ponsiglione A, et al. A rare case of solitary fibrous tumour of the pelvis in an 18-year-old young man: CT and MRI features with pathologic correlations. Res Rep Urol, 2020, 12: 687-690.
7. Wang X, Shen J, Cui H, et al. Preoperative transarterial embolization of a recurrent orbital solitary fibrous tumor with significant hypervascularity: a case report. BMC Surg, 2021, 21(1): 92. doi: 10.1186/s12893-020-01041-x.
8. Thompson LDR, Lau SK. Sinonasal tract solitary fibrous tumor: A clinicopathologic study of six cases with a comprehensive review of the literature. Head Neck Pathol, 2018, 12(4): 471-480.
9. Ogawa T, Moriyama E, Beck H, et al. Solitary fibrous tumor of the thoracic spinal cord. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo), 2005, 45(7): 371-374.
10. Muñoz E, Prat A, Adamo B, et al. A rare case of malignant solitary fibrous tumor of the spinal cord. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 2008, 33(12): E397-E399.
11. Nagano A, Ohno T, Nishimoto Y, et al. Malignant solitary fibrous tumor of the lumbar spinal root mimicking schwannoma: a case report. Spine J, 2014, 14(1): e17-e20.
12. 张晓娟, 朱燕, 杨其昌, 等. 椎管内恶性孤立性纤维性肿瘤1例及文献复习. 诊断学理论与实践, 2012, 11(2): 163-166.
13. Colamaria A, Carbone F, Sacco M, et al. Solitary fibrous tumor/hemangiopericytoma of the cervical spine: A systematic review of the literature with an illustrative case. Surg Neurol Int, 2022, 13: 532. doi: 10.25259/SNI_722_2022.
14. Gengler C, Guillou L. Solitary fibrous tumour and haemangio-pericytoma: evolution of a concept. Histopathology, 2006, 48(1): 63-74.
15. Park MS, Araujo DM. New insights into the hemangiopericytoma/solitary fibrous tumor spectrum of tumors. Curr Opin Oncol, 2009, 21(4): 327-331.
16. 晏菲, 敖启林, 孙建海, 等. 12例中枢神经系统孤立性纤维性肿瘤的临床病理分析. 华中科技大学学报(医学版), 2011, 40(6): 692-696.
17. Louis DN, Perry A, Reifenberger G, et al. The 2016 World Health Organization Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System: a summary. Acta Neuropathol, 2016, 131(6): 803-820.
18. Wang J, Zhao K, Han L, et al. Solitary fibrous tumor/Heman-giopericytoma of spinal cord: A retrospective single-center study of 16 cases. World Neurosurg, 2019, 123: e629-e638.
19. Yi X, Xiao D, He Y, et al. Spinal solitary fibrous tumor/hemangiopericytoma: A clinicopathologic and radiologic analysis of eleven cases. World Neurosurg, 2017, 104: 318-329.
20. Sun Z, Li F, Cai X, et al. Intracranial primary malignant solitary fibrous tumor/Hemangiopericytoma masquerading as meningioma: Report of a rare case. Int J Gen Med, 2020, 13: 963-967.
21. Ronchi A, Cozzolino I, Zito Marino F, et al. Extrapleural solitary fibrous tumor: A distinct entity from pleural solitary fibrous tumor. An update on clinical, molecular and diagnostic features. Ann Diagn Pathol, 2018, 34: 142-150.
22. Schweizer L, Koelsche C, Sahm F, et al. Meningeal heman-giopericytoma and solitary fibrous tumors carry the NAB2-STAT6 fusion and can be diagnosed by nuclear expression of STAT6 protein. Acta Neuropathol, 2013, 125(5): 651-658.
23. 钟晓江. 孤立性纤维性肿瘤的临床病理免疫组化分析. 中国医药指南, 2015, 13(14): 163.
24. 朱淑琴, 李巍, 李展宇. 孤立性纤维性肿瘤的临床病理研究. 中外医疗, 2019, 38(4): 35-37.
25. 邹飞, 管韵致, 王洪立, 等. 椎管内髓外硬膜下肿瘤的临床特点及病理学构成—167例病例分析. 中国脊柱脊髓杂志, 2014, 24(11): 991-994.
26. Apra C, El Arbi A, Montero AS, et al. Spinal solitary fibrous tumors: An original multicenter series and systematic review of presentation, management, and prognosis. Cancers (Basel), 2022, 14(12): 2839. doi: 10.3390/cancers14122839.
27. De Verdelhan O, Haegelen C, Carsin-Nicol B, et al. MR imaging features of spinal schwannomas and meningiomas. J Neuroradiol, 2005, 32(1): 42-49.
28. Klekamp J. Spinal ependymomas. Part 1: Intramedullary ependymomas. Neurosurg Focus, 2015, 39(2): E6. doi: 10.3171/2015.5.FOCUS15161.
29. 姜亮, 李杰, 刘忠军, 等. 脊柱血管瘤的诊断与治疗. 中国脊柱脊髓杂志, 2011, 21(1): 38-42.
30. 连媛媛, 徐琦, 杨志涛, 等. 脊柱侵袭性血管瘤典型影像表现. 医学影像学杂志, 2022, 32(9): 1564-1566.
31. Xu SY, Sun K, Xie HY, et al. Hemorrhagic, calcified, and ossified benign retroperitoneal schwannoma: First case report. Medicine (Baltimore), 2016, 95(30): e4318. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000004318.
32. Bishop AJ, Zagars GK, Demicco EG, et al. Soft tissue solitary fibrous tumor: Combined surgery and radiation therapy results in excellent local control. Am J Clin Oncol, 2018, 41(1): 81-85.
33. Gou Q, Xie Y, Ai P. Intracranial solitary fibrous tumor/heman-giopericytoma: Role and choice of postoperative radiotherapy techniques. Front Oncol, 2022, 12: 994335. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2022.994335.
34. Rana N, Kim E, Jaboin J, et al. The role of adjuvant radiation in the management of solitary fibrous tumors of the central nervous system: A national cancer database analysis of 155 patients. Cureus, 2018, 10(5): e2656. doi: 10.7759/cureus.2656.
35. Rick LH, Walraven I, Lecointe-Artzner E, et al. Radiation therapy as sole management for solitary fibrous tumors (SFT): A retrospective study from the global SFT initiative in collaboration with the sarcoma patients EuroNet. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys, 2018, 101(5): 1226-1233.
36. Sahai P, Singh G, Mondal D, et al. Solitary fibrous tumor of the sellar region treated with adjuvant radiation therapy. Asian J Neurosurg, 2016, 11(4): 449. doi: 10.4103/1793-5482.145186.
37. Spagnuolo RD, Brich S, Bozzi F, et al. Sunitinib-induced morpho-functional changes and drug effectiveness in malignant solitary fibrous tumours. Oncotarget, 2016, 7(29): 45015-45026.
38. Schuetze SM, Bolejack V, Choy E, et al. Phase 2 study of dasatinib in patients with alveolar soft part sarcoma, chondrosarcoma, chordoma, epithelioid sarcoma, or solitary fibrous tumor. Cancer, 2017, 123(1): 90-97.
39. DeVito N, Henderson E, Han G, et al. Clinical characteristics and outcomes for solitary fibrous tumor (SFT): A single center experience. PLoS One, 2015, 10(10): e0140362. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0140362.

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