Research progress of Chinese unique Inlay Bristow (Cuistow surgery) using suture button fixation_Chinese Journal of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery

Authors：

SONG Qingfa ,  SHAO Zhenxing ,  CUI Guoqing

Department of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Institute of Sports Medicine of Peking University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Engineering Research Center of Sports Trauma Treatment Technology and Devices, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China;

Corresponding author：

SHAO Zhenxing, Email: shaozhenxing@bjmu.edu.cn; CUI Guoqing, Email: drcuiguoqing1964@126.com

Keywords：

Anterior shoulder instability; coracoid transfer surgery; suture button fixation; Cuistow surgery

DOI：

10.7507/1002-1892.202403134

Video：

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Objective To explore the research progress of the coracoid transfer surgery using suture button fixation, particularly focusing on the technique known as Chinese unique Inlay Bristow (Cuistow surgery).Methods Extensive literature review was conducted to summarize and analyze the utilization of suture button fixation in the Cuistow surgery, comparing its biomechanical and clinical outcomes with those of traditional screw fixation.Results Utilizing suture button fixation in coracoid transfer surgery helps circumvent certain metal-related complications associated with traditional screw fixation. While its biomechanical stability and effectiveness have been preliminarily confirmed, debates persist regarding its graft healing rate and postoperative recurrence rate compared to traditional screw fixation. The Cuistow surgery based on the Inlay structure is a solution to improve the healing rate of graft after suture button fixation. Conclusion Suture button fixation, as a novel approach in coracoid transfer surgery, remains to have its advantages and disadvantages compared to traditional screw fixation not entirely elucidated, underscoring the need for further in-depth clinical and fundamental research. Cuistow surgery is the Chinese experience of coracoid transfer surgery, and its biomechanical stability and clinical advantages have been preliminarily confirmed.

Citation： SONG Qingfa, SHAO Zhenxing, CUI Guoqing. Research progress of Chinese unique Inlay Bristow (Cuistow surgery) using suture button fixation. Chinese Journal of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery, 2024, 38(6): 641-645. doi: 10.7507/1002-1892.202403134 Copy

1.	Knapik DM, Gillespie RJ, Salata MJ, et al. Prevalence and impact of glenoid augmentation in american football athletes participating in the national football league scouting combine. Orthop J Sports Med, 2017, 5(8): 2325967117722945. doi: 10.1177/2325967117722945.
2.	Gigis I, Heikenfeld R, Kapinas A, et al. Arthroscopic versus conservative treatment of first anterior dislocation of the shoulder in adolescents. J Pediatr Orthop, 2014, 34(4): 421-425.
3.	Kukkonen J, Elamo S, Flinkkilä T, et al. Arthroscopic Bankart versus open Latarjet as a primary operative treatment for traumatic anteroinferior instability in young males: a randomised controlled trial with 2-year follow-up. Br J Sports Med, 2022, 56(6): 327-332.
4.	Maiotti M, De Vita A, De Benedetto M, et al. Clinical outcomes and recurrence rate of 4 procedures for recurrent anterior shoulder instability: ASA, remplissage, open, and arthroscopic Latarjet: a multicenter study. J Shoulder Elbow Surg, 2023, 32(5): 931-938.
5.	Rossi LA, Tanoira I, Gorodischer T, et al. Recurrence and revision rates with arthroscopic Bankart repair compared with the Latarjet procedure in competitive rugby players with glenohumeral instability and a glenoid bone loss <20. Am J Sports Med, 2021, 49(4): 866-872.
6.	Waltenspül M, Ernstbrunner L, Ackermann J, et al. Long-term results and failure analysis of the open Latarjet procedure and arthroscopic Bankart repair in adolescents. J Bone Joint Surg (Am), 2022, 104(12): 1046-1054.
7.	Tanaka M, Hanai H, Kotani Y, et al. Open bristow versus open Latarjet for anterior shoulder instability in rugby players: Radiological and clinical outcomes. Orthop J Sports Med, 2022, 10(5): 23259671221095094. doi: 10.1177/23259671221095094.
8.	Hirose T, Tanaka M, Nakai H, et al. Association between preoperative glenoid bone loss and postoperative outcomes after coracoid transfer combined with open Bankart repair: Comparison of the Bristow and Latarjet techniques. Orthop J Sports Med, 2023, 11(5): 23259671231172219. doi: 10.1177/23259671231172219.
9.	Hurley ET, Matache BA, Wong I, et al. Anterior shoulder instability part Ⅱ-Latarjet, remplissage, and glenoid bone-grafting-an international consensus statement. Arthroscopy, 2022, 38(2): 224-233.
10.	Thamrongskulsiri N, Limskul D, Tanpowpong T, et al. Clinical outcomes, union rates, and complications of screw versus button fixation in the Bristow-Latarjet procedure for anterior shoulder instability: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Orthop Surg, 2023, 15(6): 1000-1012.
11.	Maguire JA, Dhillon J, Sarna N, et al. Screw fixation for the Latarjet procedure may reduce risk of recurrent instability but increases reoperation rate compared to suture-button fixation: A systematic review. Arthroscopy, 2023. doi: 10.1016/j.arthro.2023.11.020.
12.	Cho CH, Na SS, Choi BC, et al. Complications related to Latarjet shoulder stabilization: A systematic review. Am J Sports Med, 2023, 51(1): 263-270.
13.	Boileau P, Gendre P, Baba M, et al. A guided surgical approach and novel fixation method for arthroscopic Latarjet. J Shoulder Elbow Surg, 2016, 25(1): 78-89.
14.	Gendre P, Thélu CE, d’Ollonne T, et al. Coracoid bone block fixation with cortical buttons: An alternative to screw fixation? Orthop Traumatol Surg Res, 2016, 102(8): 983-987.
15.	Lin L, Luo H, Cheng X, et al. The cuistow: A modified arthroscopic Bristow procedure for the treatment of recurrent anterior shoulder instability. JBJS Essent Surg Tech, 2022, 12(2): e21.00002. doi: 10.2106/JBJS.ST.21.00002.
16.	Lin L, Zhang M, Song Q, et al. Cuistow: Chinese unique inlay Bristow: A novel arthroscopic surgical procedure for treatment of recurrent anterior shoulder instability with a minimum 3-year follow-up. J Bone Joint Surg (Am), 2021, 103(1): 15-22.
17.	Shao Z, Song Q, Cheng X, et al. An arthroscopic “Inlay” Bristow procedure with suture button fixation for the treatment of recurrent anterior glenohumeral instability: 3-year follow-up. Am J Sports Med, 2020, 48(11): 2638-2649.
18.	Boileau P, Thélu CÉ, Mercier N, et al. Arthroscopic Bristow-Latarjet combined with bankart repair restores shoulder stability in patients with glenoid bone loss. Clin Orthop Relat Res, 2014, 472(8): 2413-2424.
19.	Butt U, Charalambous CP. Complications associated with open coracoid transfer procedures for shoulder instability. J Shoulder Elbow Surg, 2012, 21(8): 1110-1119.
20.	Deng Z, Zheng Y, Su J, et al. Open versus arthroscopic Latarjet for recurrent anterior shoulder instability: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Orthop J Sports Med, 2023, 11(5): 23259671231174476. doi: 10.1177/23259671231174476.
21.	Ekhtiari S, Horner NS, Bedi A, et al. The learning curve for the Latarjet procedure: A systematic review. Orthop J Sports Med, 2018, 6(7): 2325967118786930. doi: 10.1177/23259671231174476.
22.	Boileau P, Saliken D, Gendre P, et al. Arthroscopic Latarjet: Suture-button fixation is a safe and reliable alternative to screw fixation. Arthroscopy, 2019, 35(4): 1050-1061.
23.	Xu J, Liu H, Lu W, et al. Modified arthroscopic Latarjet procedure: Suture-button fixation achieves excellent remodeling at 3-year follow-up. Am J Sports Med, 2020, 48(1): 39-47.
24.	Shao Z, Zhao Y, Luo H, et al. Clinical and radiologic outcomes of all-arthroscopic Latarjet procedure with modified suture button fixation: Excellent bone healing with a low complication rate. Arthroscopy, 2022, 38(7): 2157-2165.
25.	Massin V, Lami D, Ollivier M, et al. Comparative biomechanical study of five systems for fixation of the coracoid transfer during the Latarjet procedure for treatment of anterior recurrent shoulder instability. Int Orthop, 2020, 44(9): 1767-1772.
26.	Provencher MT, Aman ZS, LaPrade CM, et al. Biomechanical comparison of screw fixation versus a cortical button and self-tensioning suture for the Latarjet procedure. Orthop J Sports Med, 2018, 6(6): 2325967118777842. doi: 10.1177/2325967118777842.
27.	Kazum E, Chechik O, Pritsch T, et al. Biomechanical evaluation of suture buttons versus cortical screws in the Latarjet-Bristow procedure: a fresh-frozen cadavers study. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg, 2019, 139(12): 1779-1783.
28.	Manfredi JN, Schick S, Paul KD, et al. A systematic review of screw and suture button glenoid augmentation constructs. Orthop J Sports Med, 2023, 11(10): 23259671231186429. doi: 10.1177/23259671231186429.
29.	Bonnevialle N, Girard M, Dalmas Y, et al. Short-term bone fusion with arthroscopic double-button Latarjet versus open-screw Latarjet. Am J Sports Med, 2021, 49(6): 1596-1603.
30.	Hardy A, Sabatier V, Schoch B, et al. Latarjet with cortical button fixation is associated with an increase of the risk of recurrent dislocation compared to screw fixation. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc, 2020, 28(7): 2354-2360.
31.	Boileau P, Gendre P, Saliken DJ, et al. Tensioning device increases coracoid bone block healing rates in arthroscopic Latarjet procedure with suture-button fixation. J Shoulder Elbow Surg, 2022, 31(7): 1451-1462.
32.	Barret H, Chelli M, Van Der Meijden O, et al. Arthroscopic Latarjet: 2 or 4 cortical buttons for coracoid fixation? A case-control comparative study. Am J Sports Med, 2022, 50(2): 311-320.
33.	Song Q, Gao A, Bai J, et al. The arthroscopic Bristow procedure is superior to the arthroscopic Latarjet procedure in return to sports but inferior in graft healing: A comparative study with 3.4-year follow-up. Arthroscopy, 2023, 39(12): 2423-2433.
34.	Gasbarro G, Giugale JM, Walch G, et al. Predictive surgical reasons for failure after coracoid process transfers. Orthop J Sports Med, 2016, 4(12): 2325967116676795. doi: 10.1177/2325967116676795.
35.	Willemot L, De Boey S, Van Tongel A, et al. Analysis of failures after the Bristow-Latarjet procedure for recurrent shoulder instability. Int Orthop, 2019, 43(8): 1899-1907.
36.	Khan U, Torrance E, Hussain M, et al. Failed Latarjet surgery: why, how, and what next? JSES Int, 2020, 4(1): 68-71.
37.	邵振兴, 宋庆法, 赵宇晴, 等. 一种结合线袢固定的关节镜下“嵌入式”喙突移位术: 手术技术及术后影像学分析. 北京大学学报 (医学版), 2021, 53(5): 896-901.
38.	Shao Z, Cheng X, Luo H, et al. Arthroscopic “double-inlay” eden-hybinette procedure with modified suture button fixation for the revision of failed Bristow-Latarjet. Arthrosc Tech, 2021, 10(12): e2619-e2625.
39.	Song Q, Zhang S, Cheng X, et al. Clinical and radiographic outcomes after arthroscopic inlay Bristow surgery with screw versus suture button fixation: A comparative study of 117 patients with 3.3-year follow-up. Orthop J Sports Med, 2022, 10(3): 23259671221076048. doi: 10.1177/23259671221076048.
40.	Gao A, Song Q, Shao Z, et al. Inlay structure can improve bone graft stability in the Bristow procedure. J Shoulder Elbow Surg, 2024, 33(4): 781-791.
41.	Song Q, Zhang S, Bai J, et al. Previously failed Bankart repair and the duration from first dislocation to surgery were the risk factors associated with the level of return to sports after coracoid transfer. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc, 2023, 31(9): 4052-4059.

1. Knapik DM, Gillespie RJ, Salata MJ, et al. Prevalence and impact of glenoid augmentation in american football athletes participating in the national football league scouting combine. Orthop J Sports Med, 2017, 5(8): 2325967117722945. doi: 10.1177/2325967117722945.
2. Gigis I, Heikenfeld R, Kapinas A, et al. Arthroscopic versus conservative treatment of first anterior dislocation of the shoulder in adolescents. J Pediatr Orthop, 2014, 34(4): 421-425.
3. Kukkonen J, Elamo S, Flinkkilä T, et al. Arthroscopic Bankart versus open Latarjet as a primary operative treatment for traumatic anteroinferior instability in young males: a randomised controlled trial with 2-year follow-up. Br J Sports Med, 2022, 56(6): 327-332.
4. Maiotti M, De Vita A, De Benedetto M, et al. Clinical outcomes and recurrence rate of 4 procedures for recurrent anterior shoulder instability: ASA, remplissage, open, and arthroscopic Latarjet: a multicenter study. J Shoulder Elbow Surg, 2023, 32(5): 931-938.
5. Rossi LA, Tanoira I, Gorodischer T, et al. Recurrence and revision rates with arthroscopic Bankart repair compared with the Latarjet procedure in competitive rugby players with glenohumeral instability and a glenoid bone loss <20. Am J Sports Med, 2021, 49(4): 866-872.
6. Waltenspül M, Ernstbrunner L, Ackermann J, et al. Long-term results and failure analysis of the open Latarjet procedure and arthroscopic Bankart repair in adolescents. J Bone Joint Surg (Am), 2022, 104(12): 1046-1054.
7. Tanaka M, Hanai H, Kotani Y, et al. Open bristow versus open Latarjet for anterior shoulder instability in rugby players: Radiological and clinical outcomes. Orthop J Sports Med, 2022, 10(5): 23259671221095094. doi: 10.1177/23259671221095094.
8. Hirose T, Tanaka M, Nakai H, et al. Association between preoperative glenoid bone loss and postoperative outcomes after coracoid transfer combined with open Bankart repair: Comparison of the Bristow and Latarjet techniques. Orthop J Sports Med, 2023, 11(5): 23259671231172219. doi: 10.1177/23259671231172219.
9. Hurley ET, Matache BA, Wong I, et al. Anterior shoulder instability part Ⅱ-Latarjet, remplissage, and glenoid bone-grafting-an international consensus statement. Arthroscopy, 2022, 38(2): 224-233.
10. Thamrongskulsiri N, Limskul D, Tanpowpong T, et al. Clinical outcomes, union rates, and complications of screw versus button fixation in the Bristow-Latarjet procedure for anterior shoulder instability: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Orthop Surg, 2023, 15(6): 1000-1012.
11. Maguire JA, Dhillon J, Sarna N, et al. Screw fixation for the Latarjet procedure may reduce risk of recurrent instability but increases reoperation rate compared to suture-button fixation: A systematic review. Arthroscopy, 2023. doi: 10.1016/j.arthro.2023.11.020.
12. Cho CH, Na SS, Choi BC, et al. Complications related to Latarjet shoulder stabilization: A systematic review. Am J Sports Med, 2023, 51(1): 263-270.
13. Boileau P, Gendre P, Baba M, et al. A guided surgical approach and novel fixation method for arthroscopic Latarjet. J Shoulder Elbow Surg, 2016, 25(1): 78-89.
14. Gendre P, Thélu CE, d’Ollonne T, et al. Coracoid bone block fixation with cortical buttons: An alternative to screw fixation? Orthop Traumatol Surg Res, 2016, 102(8): 983-987.
15. Lin L, Luo H, Cheng X, et al. The cuistow: A modified arthroscopic Bristow procedure for the treatment of recurrent anterior shoulder instability. JBJS Essent Surg Tech, 2022, 12(2): e21.00002. doi: 10.2106/JBJS.ST.21.00002.
16. Lin L, Zhang M, Song Q, et al. Cuistow: Chinese unique inlay Bristow: A novel arthroscopic surgical procedure for treatment of recurrent anterior shoulder instability with a minimum 3-year follow-up. J Bone Joint Surg (Am), 2021, 103(1): 15-22.
17. Shao Z, Song Q, Cheng X, et al. An arthroscopic “Inlay” Bristow procedure with suture button fixation for the treatment of recurrent anterior glenohumeral instability: 3-year follow-up. Am J Sports Med, 2020, 48(11): 2638-2649.
18. Boileau P, Thélu CÉ, Mercier N, et al. Arthroscopic Bristow-Latarjet combined with bankart repair restores shoulder stability in patients with glenoid bone loss. Clin Orthop Relat Res, 2014, 472(8): 2413-2424.
19. Butt U, Charalambous CP. Complications associated with open coracoid transfer procedures for shoulder instability. J Shoulder Elbow Surg, 2012, 21(8): 1110-1119.
20. Deng Z, Zheng Y, Su J, et al. Open versus arthroscopic Latarjet for recurrent anterior shoulder instability: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Orthop J Sports Med, 2023, 11(5): 23259671231174476. doi: 10.1177/23259671231174476.
21. Ekhtiari S, Horner NS, Bedi A, et al. The learning curve for the Latarjet procedure: A systematic review. Orthop J Sports Med, 2018, 6(7): 2325967118786930. doi: 10.1177/23259671231174476.
22. Boileau P, Saliken D, Gendre P, et al. Arthroscopic Latarjet: Suture-button fixation is a safe and reliable alternative to screw fixation. Arthroscopy, 2019, 35(4): 1050-1061.
23. Xu J, Liu H, Lu W, et al. Modified arthroscopic Latarjet procedure: Suture-button fixation achieves excellent remodeling at 3-year follow-up. Am J Sports Med, 2020, 48(1): 39-47.
24. Shao Z, Zhao Y, Luo H, et al. Clinical and radiologic outcomes of all-arthroscopic Latarjet procedure with modified suture button fixation: Excellent bone healing with a low complication rate. Arthroscopy, 2022, 38(7): 2157-2165.
25. Massin V, Lami D, Ollivier M, et al. Comparative biomechanical study of five systems for fixation of the coracoid transfer during the Latarjet procedure for treatment of anterior recurrent shoulder instability. Int Orthop, 2020, 44(9): 1767-1772.
26. Provencher MT, Aman ZS, LaPrade CM, et al. Biomechanical comparison of screw fixation versus a cortical button and self-tensioning suture for the Latarjet procedure. Orthop J Sports Med, 2018, 6(6): 2325967118777842. doi: 10.1177/2325967118777842.
27. Kazum E, Chechik O, Pritsch T, et al. Biomechanical evaluation of suture buttons versus cortical screws in the Latarjet-Bristow procedure: a fresh-frozen cadavers study. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg, 2019, 139(12): 1779-1783.
28. Manfredi JN, Schick S, Paul KD, et al. A systematic review of screw and suture button glenoid augmentation constructs. Orthop J Sports Med, 2023, 11(10): 23259671231186429. doi: 10.1177/23259671231186429.
29. Bonnevialle N, Girard M, Dalmas Y, et al. Short-term bone fusion with arthroscopic double-button Latarjet versus open-screw Latarjet. Am J Sports Med, 2021, 49(6): 1596-1603.
30. Hardy A, Sabatier V, Schoch B, et al. Latarjet with cortical button fixation is associated with an increase of the risk of recurrent dislocation compared to screw fixation. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc, 2020, 28(7): 2354-2360.
31. Boileau P, Gendre P, Saliken DJ, et al. Tensioning device increases coracoid bone block healing rates in arthroscopic Latarjet procedure with suture-button fixation. J Shoulder Elbow Surg, 2022, 31(7): 1451-1462.
32. Barret H, Chelli M, Van Der Meijden O, et al. Arthroscopic Latarjet: 2 or 4 cortical buttons for coracoid fixation? A case-control comparative study. Am J Sports Med, 2022, 50(2): 311-320.
33. Song Q, Gao A, Bai J, et al. The arthroscopic Bristow procedure is superior to the arthroscopic Latarjet procedure in return to sports but inferior in graft healing: A comparative study with 3.4-year follow-up. Arthroscopy, 2023, 39(12): 2423-2433.
34. Gasbarro G, Giugale JM, Walch G, et al. Predictive surgical reasons for failure after coracoid process transfers. Orthop J Sports Med, 2016, 4(12): 2325967116676795. doi: 10.1177/2325967116676795.
35. Willemot L, De Boey S, Van Tongel A, et al. Analysis of failures after the Bristow-Latarjet procedure for recurrent shoulder instability. Int Orthop, 2019, 43(8): 1899-1907.
36. Khan U, Torrance E, Hussain M, et al. Failed Latarjet surgery: why, how, and what next? JSES Int, 2020, 4(1): 68-71.
37. 邵振兴, 宋庆法, 赵宇晴, 等. 一种结合线袢固定的关节镜下“嵌入式”喙突移位术: 手术技术及术后影像学分析. 北京大学学报 (医学版), 2021, 53(5): 896-901.
38. Shao Z, Cheng X, Luo H, et al. Arthroscopic “double-inlay” eden-hybinette procedure with modified suture button fixation for the revision of failed Bristow-Latarjet. Arthrosc Tech, 2021, 10(12): e2619-e2625.
39. Song Q, Zhang S, Cheng X, et al. Clinical and radiographic outcomes after arthroscopic inlay Bristow surgery with screw versus suture button fixation: A comparative study of 117 patients with 3.3-year follow-up. Orthop J Sports Med, 2022, 10(3): 23259671221076048. doi: 10.1177/23259671221076048.
40. Gao A, Song Q, Shao Z, et al. Inlay structure can improve bone graft stability in the Bristow procedure. J Shoulder Elbow Surg, 2024, 33(4): 781-791.
41. Song Q, Zhang S, Bai J, et al. Previously failed Bankart repair and the duration from first dislocation to surgery were the risk factors associated with the level of return to sports after coracoid transfer. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc, 2023, 31(9): 4052-4059.

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Research progress of Chinese unique Inlay Bristow (Cuistow surgery) using suture button fixation

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