Research Progress in Saphenous Vein Graft Restenosis after Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting_Chinese Journal of Clinical Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery

Authors：

SU Jingjing , LIU Hongyu.

Department of Cardiovascular Surgery，Harbin Medical University，Harbin 150000，P. R. China;

Corresponding author：

Keywords：

Coronary artery bypass grafting; 　Graft; 　Restenosis

DOI：

10.7507/1007-4848.20130101

Video：

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Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is a major treatment method for coronary artery disease，but postoperative vein graft restenosis remains an unsolved problem. Research has confirmed that perioperative antiplatelet therapy　can effectively reduce early coronary artery bypass graft thrombosis. Lipid-lowering therapy can significantly improve long-term　patency of saphenous vein grafts after CABG. In addition，gene therapy provides a new direction to prevent vein graft restenosis after CABG.

Citation： SU Jingjing,LIU Hongyu.. Research Progress in Saphenous Vein Graft Restenosis after Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting. Chinese Journal of Clinical Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, 2013, 20(3): 343-346. doi: 10.7507/1007-4848.20130101 Copy

1.	吴锡桂. 我国人群冠心病流行现况与趋势. 中国慢性病预防与控制， 2003， 11 （4）：190-191.
2.	Verma S， Szmitko PE， Weisel RD， et al. Should radial arteries be used routinely for coronary artery bypass grafting ? Circulation， 2004， 110 （5）：e40-e46.
3.	Stone D， Liu Y， Shayakhmetov D， et al. Adenovirus-platelet　interaction in blood causes virus sequestration to the reticuloendothelial system of the liver. J Virol， 2007， 81 （9）：4866-4871.
4.	Thomas AC， Wyatt MJ， Newby AC. Reduction of early vein graft thrombosis by tissue plasminogen activator gene transfer. Thromb Haemost， 2009， 102 （1）：145-152.
5.	陈绪军，陈鑫，石开虎，等. 冠状动脉旁路移植术后移植血管狭窄的危险因素分析. 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志， 2008， 15 （6）：418-422.
6.	Parang P， Arora R. Coronary veingraft disease：pathogenesis and prevention. Can J Cardiol， 2009， 25 （2）：e57-62.
7.	Motwani JG， Topol EJ. Aortocoronary saphenous vein graft disease：pathogenesis， predisposition， and prevention. Circulation， 1998， 97 （9）：916-931.
8.	Davies MG， Hagen PO. The vascular endothelium. A new horizon . Ann Surg， 1993， 218 （5）：593-609.
9.	Lopes RD， Mehta RH， Hafley GE， et al. Relationship between vein graft failure and subsequent clinical outcomes after coronary artery bypass surgery. Circulation， 2012， 125 （6）：749-756.
10.	Mangano DT. Multicenter Study of Perioperative Ischemia Research Group. Aspirin and mortality from coronary bypass surgery. N Engl J Med， 2002， 347 （17）：1309-1317.
11.	Sedrakyan A， Treasure T， Elefteriades JA. Effect of aprotinin on clinical outcomes in coronary artery bypass graft surgery：a systematic　review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. J Thorac　Cardiovasc Surg， 2004， 128 （3）：442-448.
12.	Pamukcu B. A review of aspirin resistance; definition， possible mechanisms， detection with platelet function tests， and its clinical outcomes. J Thromb Thrombolysis， 2007， 23 （3）：213-222.
13.	Chan V， Kulik A， Bourke ME， et al. Clopidogrel is safe early after　on- and off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery. J Card Surg， 2007， 22 （6）：493-497.
14.	Dunning J， Versteegh M， Fabbri A， et al. Guideline on antiplatelet　and anticoagulation management in cardiac surgery. Eur J　Cardiothorac Surg， 2008， 34 （1）：73-92.
15.	Gao G， Zheng Z， Pi Y， et al. Aspirin plus clopidogrel therapy　increases early venous graft patency after coronary artery bypass　surgery a single-center， randomized， controlled trial. J Am Coll Cardiol， 2010， 56 （20）：1639-1643.
16.	Soffer D， Moussa I， Harjai KJ， et al. Impact of angina class on inhibition of platelet aggregation following clopidogrel loading in　patients undergoing coronary intervention：do we need more aggressive　dosing regimens in unstable angina? Catheter Cardiovasc Interv， 2003， 59 （1）：21-25.
17.	Hechler B， Zhang Y， Eckly A， et al. Lineage-specific overexpression　of the P2Y1 receptor induces platelet hyper-reactivity in transgenic mice. J Thromb Haemost， 2003， 1 （1）：155-163.
18.	Lau WC， Gurbel PA， Watkins PB， et al. Contribution of hepatic cytochrome P450 3A4 metabolic activity to the phenomenon of clopidogrel resistance. Circulation， 2004， 109 （2）：166-171.
19.	Lau WC， Welch TD， Shields T， et al. The effect of St John's Wort on the pharmacodynamic response of clopidogrel in hyporesponsive volunteers and patients：increased platelet inhibition by enhancement of CYP3A4 metabolic activity. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol， 2011， 57 （1）：86-93.
20.	Giusti B， Gori AM， Marcucci R， et al. Role of glycoprotein Ia gene polymorphisms in determining platelet function in myocardial infarction　patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention on dual antiplatelet treatment. Atherosclerosis， 2008， 196 （1）：341-348.
21.	Zeymer U， Jünger C， Zahn R， et al. Effects of a secondary prevention　combination therapy with an aspirin， an ACE inhibitor and a statin on 1-year mortality of patients with acute myocardial infarction treated with a beta-blocker. Support for a polypill approach. Curr Med Res Opin， 2011， 27 （8）：1563-1570.
22.	Schouten O， Boersma E， Hoeks SE， et al. Fluvastatin and perioperative events in patients undergoing vascular surgery. N Engl J Med， 2009， 361 （10）：980-989.
23.	Sun YF， Ji Q， Mei YQ， et al. Role of preoperative atorvastatin administration in protection against postoperative atrial fibrillation following conventional coronary artery bypass grafting. Int Heart J， 2011， 52 （1）：7-11.
24.	Shah SJ， Waters DD， Barter P， et al. Intensive lipid-lowering with atorvastatin for secondary prevention in patients after coronary artery bypass surgery. J Am Coll Cardiol， 2008， 51 （20）：1938-1943.
25.	Hillis LD， Smith PK， Anderson JL， et al. 2011 ACCF/AHA Guideline for Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery. A report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. Developed in collaboration　with the American Association for Thoracic Surgery， Society of　Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists， and Society of Thoracic Surgeons. J Am Coll Cardiol， 2011， 58 （24）：e123-210.
26.	Kratlian RG， Hajjar RJ. Cardiac gene therapy：from concept to reality.　Curr Heart Fail Rep， 2012， 9 （1）：33-39.
27.	Hacein-Bey-Abina S， Von Kalle C， Schmidt M， et al. LMO2-associated clonal T cell proliferation in two patients after gene therapy for SCID-X1. Science， 2003， 302 （5644）：415-419.
28.	Nayak S， Herzog RW. Progress and prospects：immune responses to viral vectors. Gene Ther， 2010， 17 （3）：295-304.
29.	Pacak CA， Mah CS， Thattaliyath BD， et al. Recombinant adeno-associated virus serotype 9 leads to preferential cardiac transduction in vivo. Circ Res， 2006， 99 （4）：e3-e9.
30.	West NE， Qian H， Guzik TJ， et al. Nitric oxide synthase （nNOS） gene transfer modifies venous bypass graft remodeling：effects on vascular smooth muscle cell differentiation and superoxide production.Circulation， 2001， 104 （13）：1526-1532.
31.	George SJ， Angelini GD， Capogrossi MC， et al. Wild-type p53 gene transfer inhibits neointima formation in human saphenous vein by modulation of smooth muscle cell migration and induction ofapoptosis. Gene Ther， 2001， 8 （9）：668-676.

1. 　吴锡桂. 我国人群冠心病流行现况与趋势. 中国慢性病预防与控制， 2003， 11 （4）：190-191.
2. 　Verma S， Szmitko PE， Weisel RD， et al. Should radial arteries be used routinely for coronary artery bypass grafting ? Circulation， 2004， 110 （5）：e40-e46.
3. 　Stone D， Liu Y， Shayakhmetov D， et al. Adenovirus-platelet　interaction in blood causes virus sequestration to the reticuloendothelial system of the liver. J Virol， 2007， 81 （9）：4866-4871.
4. 　Thomas AC， Wyatt MJ， Newby AC. Reduction of early vein graft thrombosis by tissue plasminogen activator gene transfer. Thromb Haemost， 2009， 102 （1）：145-152.
5. 　陈绪军，陈鑫，石开虎，等. 冠状动脉旁路移植术后移植血管狭窄的危险因素分析. 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志， 2008， 15 （6）：418-422.
6. 　Parang P， Arora R. Coronary veingraft disease：pathogenesis and prevention. Can J Cardiol， 2009， 25 （2）：e57-62.
7. 　Motwani JG， Topol EJ. Aortocoronary saphenous vein graft disease：pathogenesis， predisposition， and prevention. Circulation， 1998， 97 （9）：916-931.
8. 　Davies MG， Hagen PO. The vascular endothelium. A new horizon . Ann Surg， 1993， 218 （5）：593-609.
9. 　Lopes RD， Mehta RH， Hafley GE， et al. Relationship between vein graft failure and subsequent clinical outcomes after coronary artery bypass surgery. Circulation， 2012， 125 （6）：749-756.
10. 　Mangano DT. Multicenter Study of Perioperative Ischemia Research Group. Aspirin and mortality from coronary bypass surgery. N Engl J Med， 2002， 347 （17）：1309-1317.
11. 　Sedrakyan A， Treasure T， Elefteriades JA. Effect of aprotinin on clinical outcomes in coronary artery bypass graft surgery：a systematic　review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. J Thorac　Cardiovasc Surg， 2004， 128 （3）：442-448.
12. 　Pamukcu B. A review of aspirin resistance; definition， possible mechanisms， detection with platelet function tests， and its clinical outcomes. J Thromb Thrombolysis， 2007， 23 （3）：213-222.
13. 　Chan V， Kulik A， Bourke ME， et al. Clopidogrel is safe early after　on- and off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery. J Card Surg， 2007， 22 （6）：493-497.
14. 　Dunning J， Versteegh M， Fabbri A， et al. Guideline on antiplatelet　and anticoagulation management in cardiac surgery. Eur J　Cardiothorac Surg， 2008， 34 （1）：73-92.
15. 　Gao G， Zheng Z， Pi Y， et al. Aspirin plus clopidogrel therapy　increases early venous graft patency after coronary artery bypass　surgery a single-center， randomized， controlled trial. J Am Coll Cardiol， 2010， 56 （20）：1639-1643.
16. 　Soffer D， Moussa I， Harjai KJ， et al. Impact of angina class on inhibition of platelet aggregation following clopidogrel loading in　patients undergoing coronary intervention：do we need more aggressive　dosing regimens in unstable angina? Catheter Cardiovasc Interv， 2003， 59 （1）：21-25.
17. 　Hechler B， Zhang Y， Eckly A， et al. Lineage-specific overexpression　of the P2Y1 receptor induces platelet hyper-reactivity in transgenic mice. J Thromb Haemost， 2003， 1 （1）：155-163.
18. 　Lau WC， Gurbel PA， Watkins PB， et al. Contribution of hepatic cytochrome P450 3A4 metabolic activity to the phenomenon of clopidogrel resistance. Circulation， 2004， 109 （2）：166-171.
19. 　Lau WC， Welch TD， Shields T， et al. The effect of St John's Wort on the pharmacodynamic response of clopidogrel in hyporesponsive volunteers and patients：increased platelet inhibition by enhancement of CYP3A4 metabolic activity. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol， 2011， 57 （1）：86-93.
20. 　Giusti B， Gori AM， Marcucci R， et al. Role of glycoprotein Ia gene polymorphisms in determining platelet function in myocardial infarction　patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention on dual antiplatelet treatment. Atherosclerosis， 2008， 196 （1）：341-348.
21. 　Zeymer U， Jünger C， Zahn R， et al. Effects of a secondary prevention　combination therapy with an aspirin， an ACE inhibitor and a statin on 1-year mortality of patients with acute myocardial infarction treated with a beta-blocker. Support for a polypill approach. Curr Med Res Opin， 2011， 27 （8）：1563-1570.
22. 　Schouten O， Boersma E， Hoeks SE， et al. Fluvastatin and perioperative events in patients undergoing vascular surgery. N Engl J Med， 2009， 361 （10）：980-989.
23. 　Sun YF， Ji Q， Mei YQ， et al. Role of preoperative atorvastatin administration in protection against postoperative atrial fibrillation following conventional coronary artery bypass grafting. Int Heart J， 2011， 52 （1）：7-11.
24. 　Shah SJ， Waters DD， Barter P， et al. Intensive lipid-lowering with atorvastatin for secondary prevention in patients after coronary artery bypass surgery. J Am Coll Cardiol， 2008， 51 （20）：1938-1943.
25. 　Hillis LD， Smith PK， Anderson JL， et al. 2011 ACCF/AHA Guideline for Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery. A report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. Developed in collaboration　with the American Association for Thoracic Surgery， Society of　Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists， and Society of Thoracic Surgeons. J Am Coll Cardiol， 2011， 58 （24）：e123-210.
26. 　Kratlian RG， Hajjar RJ. Cardiac gene therapy：from concept to reality.　Curr Heart Fail Rep， 2012， 9 （1）：33-39.
27. 　Hacein-Bey-Abina S， Von Kalle C， Schmidt M， et al. LMO2-associated clonal T cell proliferation in two patients after gene therapy for SCID-X1. Science， 2003， 302 （5644）：415-419.
28. 　Nayak S， Herzog RW. Progress and prospects：immune responses to viral vectors. Gene Ther， 2010， 17 （3）：295-304.
29. 　Pacak CA， Mah CS， Thattaliyath BD， et al. Recombinant adeno-associated virus serotype 9 leads to preferential cardiac transduction in vivo. Circ Res， 2006， 99 （4）：e3-e9.
30. 　West NE， Qian H， Guzik TJ， et al. Nitric oxide synthase （nNOS） gene transfer modifies venous bypass graft remodeling：effects on vascular smooth muscle cell differentiation and superoxide production.Circulation， 2001， 104 （13）：1526-1532.
31. 　George SJ， Angelini GD， Capogrossi MC， et al. Wild-type p53 gene transfer inhibits neointima formation in human saphenous vein by modulation of smooth muscle cell migration and induction ofapoptosis. Gene Ther， 2001， 8 （9）：668-676.

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Research Progress in Saphenous Vein Graft Restenosis after Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting

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