Lung cancer is the most common cancer worldwide. The outcome and management of lung cancer patients could be improved by early diagnosis and prognosis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been implicated in signaling pathways regulating a variety of biological processes and play important roles in the development of carcinoma. Moreover, miRNAs can exist in the circulation in a remarkably stable form. All of these suggest miRNAs as new potentially clinical biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis of lung cancer. In this review, we aim to discuss diagnostic and prognostic value and potential clinical utility of miRNAs in serum.
Citation： SUNChao, SHIHong-can. Research Progress of MicroRNA in serum in diagnosis and Prognosis of lung cancer. Chinese Journal of Clinical Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, 2015, 22(5): 481-485. doi: 10.7507/1007-4848.20150125 Copy
| 1. | World Health Organization:Cancer. Fact Sheet No297, Updated February 2014. http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs297/en/. |
| 2. | Travis WD, Brambilla E, Noguchi M, et al. International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer/American Toracic Society/European Respiratory Society:International multidisciplinary classifcation of lung adenocarcinoma:Executive summary. Proc Am Torac, 2011, 8(5):381-385. |
| 3. | Ozkaya S, Findik S, Dirican A, et al. Long-term survival rates of patients with stageⅢB andⅣnon-small cell lung cancer treated with cisplatin plus vinorelbine or gemcitabine. Exp Ter Med, 2012, 4(6):1035-1038. |
| 4. | Ambros V. MicroRNA pathways in flies and worms:Growth, death, fat, stress, and timing. Cell, 2003, 113(6):673-676. |
| 5. | Ortholan C, Puissegur MP, Ilie M, et al. MicroRNAs and lung cancer:new oncogenes and tumor suppressors, new prognostic factors and potential therapeutic targets. Curr Med Chem, 2009, 16(9):1047-1061. |
| 6. | Garzon R, Marcucci G, Croce CM. Targeting microRNAs in cancer:rationale, strategies and challenges. Nat Rev Drug Discov, 2010, 9(10):775-789. |
| 7. | Krol J, Loedige I, Filipowicz W. The widespread regulation of microRNA biogenesis, function and decay. Nat Rev Genet, 2010, 11(9):597-610. |
| 8. | Calin GA, Dumitru CD, Shimizu M, et al. Frequent deletions and down-regulation of micro-RNA genes miR15 and miR16 at 13q14 in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 2002, 99(24):15524-15529. |
| 9. | Lu J, Getz G, Miska EA, et al. MicroRNA expression profles classify human cancers. Nature, 2005, 435(7043):834-838. |
| 10. | Kasinski AL, Slack FJ. Epigenetics and genetics. MicroRNAs en route to the clinic:progress in validating and targeting microRNAs for cancer therapy. Nat Rev Cancer, 2011, 11(12):849-864. |
| 11. | Lin PY, Yu SL, Yang PC. MicroRNA in lung cancer. Br J Cancer, 2010, 103(8):1144-1148. |
| 12. | Chen X, Ba Y, Ma L, et al. Characterization of microRNAs in serum:a novel class of biomarkers for diagnosis of cancer and other diseases. Cell Res, 2008, 18(10):997-1006. |
| 13. | Lawrie CH, Gal S, Dunlop HM, et al. Detection of elevated levels of tumour-associated microRNAs in serum of patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Br J Haematol, 2008, 141(5):672-675. |
| 14. | Mitchell PS, Parkin RK, Kroh EM, et al. Circulating microRNAs as stable blood-based markers for cancer detection. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 2008, 105(30):10513-10518. |
| 15. | Valadi H, Ekstrom K, Bossios A, et al. Exosome-mediated transfer of mRNAs and microRNAs is a novel mechanism of genetic exchange between cells. Nat Cell Biol, 2007, 9(6):654-659. |
| 16. | Zernecke A, Bidzhekov K, Noels H, et al. Delivery of microRNA-126 by apoptotic bodies induces CXCL12-dependent vascular protection. Sci Signal, 2009, 2(100):ra81. |
| 17. | Collino F, Deregibus MC, Bruno S, et al. Microvesicles derived from adult human bone marrow and tissue specifc mesenchymal stem cells shuttle selected pattern of miRNAs. PLoS One, 2010, 5(7):e11803. |
| 18. | Arroyo JD, Chevillet JR, Kroh EM, et al. Argonaute2 complexes carry a population of circulating microRNAs independant of vesicles in human plasma. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 2011, 108(12):5003-5008. |
| 19. | Vickers KC, Palmisano BT, Shoucri BM, et al. MicroRNAs are transported in plasma and delivered to recipient cells by high-density lipoproteins. Nat Cell Biol, 2011, 13(4):423-433. |
| 20. | Mittelbrunn M, Gutierrez-Vazquez C, Villarroya-Beltri C, et al. Unidirectional transfer of microRNA-loaded exosomes from T cells to antigen-presenting cells. Nat Commun, 2011, 2:282. |
| 21. | Rabinowits G, Gercel-Taylor C, Day JM, et al. Exosomal microRNA:a diagnostic marker for lung cancer. Clin Lung Cancer, 2009, 10(1):42-46. |
| 22. | Taylor DD, Gercel-Taylor C. MicroRNA signatures of tumor-derived exosomes as diagnostic biomarkers of ovarian cancer. Gynecol Oncol, 2008, 110(1):13-21. |
| 23. | Tsujiura M, Ichikawa D, Komatsu S, et al. Circulating microRNAs in plasma of patients with gastric cancers. Br J Cancer, 2010, 102(7):1174-1179. |
| 24. | Yu S, Liu Y, Wang J, et al. Circulating MicroRNA profles as potential biomarkers for diagnosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2012, 97(6):2084-2092. |
| 25. | Shen J, Todd NW, Zhang H, et al. Plasma microRNAs as potential biomarkers for non-small-cell lung cancer. Lab Invest, 2011, 91(4):579-587. |
| 26. | Zheng D, Haddadin S, Wang Y, et al. Plasma microRNAs as novel biomarkers for early detection of lung cancer. Int J Clin Exp Pathol, 2011, 4(6):575-586. |
| 27. | Chen X, Hu Z, Wang W, et al. Identification of ten serum microRNAs from a genome-wide serum microRNA expression profile as novel noninvasive biomarkers for nonsmall cell lung cancer diagnosis. Int J Cancer, 2012, 130(7):1620-1628. |
| 28. | Keller A, Leidinger P, Gislefoss R, et al. Stable serum miRNA profiles as potential tool for non-invasive lung cancer diagnosis. RNA Biol, 2011, 8(3):506-516. |
| 29. | Boeri M, Verri C, Conte D, et al. MicroRNA signatures in tissues and plasma predict development and prognosis of computed tomography detected lung cancer. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 2011, 108(9):3713-3718. |
| 30. | Bianchi F, Nicassio F, Marzi M, et al. A serum circulating miRNA diagnostic test to identify asymptomatic high-risk individuals with early stage lung cancer. EMBO Mol Med, 2011, 3(8):495-503. |
| 31. | Hunter MP, Ismail N, Zhang X, et al. Detection of microRNA expression in human peripheral blood microvesicles. PLoS One, 2008, 3(11):e3694. |
| 32. | Wang GK, Zhu JQ, Zhang JT, et al. Circulating microRNA:a novel potential biomarker for early diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction in humans. Eur Heart J, 2010, 31(6):659-666. |
| 33. | Reid G, Kirschner MB, van ZN. Circulating microRNAs:Association with disease and potential use as biomarkers. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol, 2011, 80(2):193-208. |
| 34. | Yang M, Chen J, Su F, et al. Microvesicles secreted by macrophages shuttle invasion-potentiating microRNAs into breast cancer cells. Mol Cancer, 2011, 10:117. |
| 35. | Ceppi P, Mudduluru G, Kumarswamy R, et al. Loss of miR-200c expression induces an aggressive, invasive, and chemoresistant phenotype in non-small cell lung cancer. Mol Cancer Res, 2010, 8(9):1207-1216. |
| 36. | Galluzzi L, Morselli E, Vitale I, et al. miR-181a and miR-630 regulate cisplatin-induced cancer cell death. Cancer Res, 2010, 70(5):1793-1803. |
| 37. | Martello G, Rosato A, Ferrari F, et al. A microRNA targeting dicer for metastasis control. Cell, 2010, 141(7):1195-1207. |
| 38. | Fareh M, Turchi L, Virolle V, et al. Te miR 302-367 cluster drastically affects self-renewal and infltration properties of glioma-initiating cells through CXCR4 repression and consequent disruption of the SHH-GLI-NANOG network. Cell Death Differ, 2012, 19(2):232-244. |
| 39. | Yu SL, Chen HY, Chang GC, et al. MicroRNA signature predicts survival and relapse in lung cancer. Cancer Cell, 2008, 13(1):48-57. |
| 40. | Ranade AR, Cherba D, Sridhar S, et al. MicroRNA 92a-2*:a biomarker predictive for chemoresistance and prognostic for survival in patients with small cell lung cancer. J Thorac Oncol, 2010, 5(8):1273-1278. |
| 41. | Raponi M, Dossey L, Jatkoe T, et al. MicroRNA classifiers for predicting prognosis of squamous cell lung cancer. Cancer Res, 2009, 69(14):5776-5783. |
| 42. | Hu Z, Chen X, Zhao Y, et al. Serum microRNA signatures identifed in a genome-wide serum microRNA expression profiling predict survival of non-small-cell lung cancer. J Clin Oncol, 2010, 28(10):1721-1726. |
| 43. | Wang ZX, Bian HB, Wang JR, et al. Prognostic significance of serum miRNA-21 expression in human non-small cell lung cancer. J Surg Oncol, 2011, 104(7):847-851. |
| 44. | Wei J, Gao W, Zhu CJ, et al. Identifcation of plasma microRNA-21 as a biomarker for early detection and chemosensitivity of nonsmall cell lung cancer. Chin J Cancer, 2011, 30(6):407-414. |
| 45. | Liu XG, Zhu WY, Huang YY, et al. High expression of serum miR-. |
| 46. | and tumor miR-200c associated with poor prognosis in patients with lung cancer. Med Oncol, 2012, 29(2):618-626. |
| 47. | Krichevsky AM, Gabriely G. miR-21:A small multi-faceted RNA. J Cell Mol Med, 2009, 13(1):39-53. |
- 1. World Health Organization:Cancer. Fact Sheet No297, Updated February 2014. http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs297/en/.
- 2. Travis WD, Brambilla E, Noguchi M, et al. International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer/American Toracic Society/European Respiratory Society:International multidisciplinary classifcation of lung adenocarcinoma:Executive summary. Proc Am Torac, 2011, 8(5):381-385.
- 3. Ozkaya S, Findik S, Dirican A, et al. Long-term survival rates of patients with stageⅢB andⅣnon-small cell lung cancer treated with cisplatin plus vinorelbine or gemcitabine. Exp Ter Med, 2012, 4(6):1035-1038.
- 4. Ambros V. MicroRNA pathways in flies and worms:Growth, death, fat, stress, and timing. Cell, 2003, 113(6):673-676.
- 5. Ortholan C, Puissegur MP, Ilie M, et al. MicroRNAs and lung cancer:new oncogenes and tumor suppressors, new prognostic factors and potential therapeutic targets. Curr Med Chem, 2009, 16(9):1047-1061.
- 6. Garzon R, Marcucci G, Croce CM. Targeting microRNAs in cancer:rationale, strategies and challenges. Nat Rev Drug Discov, 2010, 9(10):775-789.
- 7. Krol J, Loedige I, Filipowicz W. The widespread regulation of microRNA biogenesis, function and decay. Nat Rev Genet, 2010, 11(9):597-610.
- 8. Calin GA, Dumitru CD, Shimizu M, et al. Frequent deletions and down-regulation of micro-RNA genes miR15 and miR16 at 13q14 in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 2002, 99(24):15524-15529.
- 9. Lu J, Getz G, Miska EA, et al. MicroRNA expression profles classify human cancers. Nature, 2005, 435(7043):834-838.
- 10. Kasinski AL, Slack FJ. Epigenetics and genetics. MicroRNAs en route to the clinic:progress in validating and targeting microRNAs for cancer therapy. Nat Rev Cancer, 2011, 11(12):849-864.
- 11. Lin PY, Yu SL, Yang PC. MicroRNA in lung cancer. Br J Cancer, 2010, 103(8):1144-1148.
- 12. Chen X, Ba Y, Ma L, et al. Characterization of microRNAs in serum:a novel class of biomarkers for diagnosis of cancer and other diseases. Cell Res, 2008, 18(10):997-1006.
- 13. Lawrie CH, Gal S, Dunlop HM, et al. Detection of elevated levels of tumour-associated microRNAs in serum of patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Br J Haematol, 2008, 141(5):672-675.
- 14. Mitchell PS, Parkin RK, Kroh EM, et al. Circulating microRNAs as stable blood-based markers for cancer detection. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 2008, 105(30):10513-10518.
- 15. Valadi H, Ekstrom K, Bossios A, et al. Exosome-mediated transfer of mRNAs and microRNAs is a novel mechanism of genetic exchange between cells. Nat Cell Biol, 2007, 9(6):654-659.
- 16. Zernecke A, Bidzhekov K, Noels H, et al. Delivery of microRNA-126 by apoptotic bodies induces CXCL12-dependent vascular protection. Sci Signal, 2009, 2(100):ra81.
- 17. Collino F, Deregibus MC, Bruno S, et al. Microvesicles derived from adult human bone marrow and tissue specifc mesenchymal stem cells shuttle selected pattern of miRNAs. PLoS One, 2010, 5(7):e11803.
- 18. Arroyo JD, Chevillet JR, Kroh EM, et al. Argonaute2 complexes carry a population of circulating microRNAs independant of vesicles in human plasma. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 2011, 108(12):5003-5008.
- 19. Vickers KC, Palmisano BT, Shoucri BM, et al. MicroRNAs are transported in plasma and delivered to recipient cells by high-density lipoproteins. Nat Cell Biol, 2011, 13(4):423-433.
- 20. Mittelbrunn M, Gutierrez-Vazquez C, Villarroya-Beltri C, et al. Unidirectional transfer of microRNA-loaded exosomes from T cells to antigen-presenting cells. Nat Commun, 2011, 2:282.
- 21. Rabinowits G, Gercel-Taylor C, Day JM, et al. Exosomal microRNA:a diagnostic marker for lung cancer. Clin Lung Cancer, 2009, 10(1):42-46.
- 22. Taylor DD, Gercel-Taylor C. MicroRNA signatures of tumor-derived exosomes as diagnostic biomarkers of ovarian cancer. Gynecol Oncol, 2008, 110(1):13-21.
- 23. Tsujiura M, Ichikawa D, Komatsu S, et al. Circulating microRNAs in plasma of patients with gastric cancers. Br J Cancer, 2010, 102(7):1174-1179.
- 24. Yu S, Liu Y, Wang J, et al. Circulating MicroRNA profles as potential biomarkers for diagnosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2012, 97(6):2084-2092.
- 25. Shen J, Todd NW, Zhang H, et al. Plasma microRNAs as potential biomarkers for non-small-cell lung cancer. Lab Invest, 2011, 91(4):579-587.
- 26. Zheng D, Haddadin S, Wang Y, et al. Plasma microRNAs as novel biomarkers for early detection of lung cancer. Int J Clin Exp Pathol, 2011, 4(6):575-586.
- 27. Chen X, Hu Z, Wang W, et al. Identification of ten serum microRNAs from a genome-wide serum microRNA expression profile as novel noninvasive biomarkers for nonsmall cell lung cancer diagnosis. Int J Cancer, 2012, 130(7):1620-1628.
- 28. Keller A, Leidinger P, Gislefoss R, et al. Stable serum miRNA profiles as potential tool for non-invasive lung cancer diagnosis. RNA Biol, 2011, 8(3):506-516.
- 29. Boeri M, Verri C, Conte D, et al. MicroRNA signatures in tissues and plasma predict development and prognosis of computed tomography detected lung cancer. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 2011, 108(9):3713-3718.
- 30. Bianchi F, Nicassio F, Marzi M, et al. A serum circulating miRNA diagnostic test to identify asymptomatic high-risk individuals with early stage lung cancer. EMBO Mol Med, 2011, 3(8):495-503.
- 31. Hunter MP, Ismail N, Zhang X, et al. Detection of microRNA expression in human peripheral blood microvesicles. PLoS One, 2008, 3(11):e3694.
- 32. Wang GK, Zhu JQ, Zhang JT, et al. Circulating microRNA:a novel potential biomarker for early diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction in humans. Eur Heart J, 2010, 31(6):659-666.
- 33. Reid G, Kirschner MB, van ZN. Circulating microRNAs:Association with disease and potential use as biomarkers. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol, 2011, 80(2):193-208.
- 34. Yang M, Chen J, Su F, et al. Microvesicles secreted by macrophages shuttle invasion-potentiating microRNAs into breast cancer cells. Mol Cancer, 2011, 10:117.
- 35. Ceppi P, Mudduluru G, Kumarswamy R, et al. Loss of miR-200c expression induces an aggressive, invasive, and chemoresistant phenotype in non-small cell lung cancer. Mol Cancer Res, 2010, 8(9):1207-1216.
- 36. Galluzzi L, Morselli E, Vitale I, et al. miR-181a and miR-630 regulate cisplatin-induced cancer cell death. Cancer Res, 2010, 70(5):1793-1803.
- 37. Martello G, Rosato A, Ferrari F, et al. A microRNA targeting dicer for metastasis control. Cell, 2010, 141(7):1195-1207.
- 38. Fareh M, Turchi L, Virolle V, et al. Te miR 302-367 cluster drastically affects self-renewal and infltration properties of glioma-initiating cells through CXCR4 repression and consequent disruption of the SHH-GLI-NANOG network. Cell Death Differ, 2012, 19(2):232-244.
- 39. Yu SL, Chen HY, Chang GC, et al. MicroRNA signature predicts survival and relapse in lung cancer. Cancer Cell, 2008, 13(1):48-57.
- 40. Ranade AR, Cherba D, Sridhar S, et al. MicroRNA 92a-2*:a biomarker predictive for chemoresistance and prognostic for survival in patients with small cell lung cancer. J Thorac Oncol, 2010, 5(8):1273-1278.
- 41. Raponi M, Dossey L, Jatkoe T, et al. MicroRNA classifiers for predicting prognosis of squamous cell lung cancer. Cancer Res, 2009, 69(14):5776-5783.
- 42. Hu Z, Chen X, Zhao Y, et al. Serum microRNA signatures identifed in a genome-wide serum microRNA expression profiling predict survival of non-small-cell lung cancer. J Clin Oncol, 2010, 28(10):1721-1726.
- 43. Wang ZX, Bian HB, Wang JR, et al. Prognostic significance of serum miRNA-21 expression in human non-small cell lung cancer. J Surg Oncol, 2011, 104(7):847-851.
- 44. Wei J, Gao W, Zhu CJ, et al. Identifcation of plasma microRNA-21 as a biomarker for early detection and chemosensitivity of nonsmall cell lung cancer. Chin J Cancer, 2011, 30(6):407-414.
- 45. Liu XG, Zhu WY, Huang YY, et al. High expression of serum miR-.
- 46. and tumor miR-200c associated with poor prognosis in patients with lung cancer. Med Oncol, 2012, 29(2):618-626.
- 47. Krichevsky AM, Gabriely G. miR-21:A small multi-faceted RNA. J Cell Mol Med, 2009, 13(1):39-53.