TANGHong,
Email: hxyyth@qq.com
Evaluationthe right heart function has vital clinical value, especially in patients after surgical repair of tetralogy of Fallot(TOF).As an important tool used to assess the structure and function of heart, echocardiography has been used to evaluatethe right heart function of TOF after the surgery. This article reviews the current research on echocardiography techniques and right heart function in patients after surgical repair of Tetralogy of Fallot．
Citation： LIXi, TANGHong. Progress for the Echocardiographic Assessment of the Right Heart Function in Patients afer Surgical Repair of Tetralogy of Fallot. Chinese Journal of Clinical Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, 2015, 22(12): 1163-1166. doi: 10.7507/1007-4848.20150288 Copy
| 1. | Morikawa T, Murata M, Okuda S, et al. Quantitative analysis of right ventricular function in patients with pulmonary hypertension using three-dimensional echocardiography and a two-dimensional summation method compared to magnetic resonance imaging. Am J Cardiol, 2011, 107(3):484-489. |
| 2. | Roche SL, Redington AN. The failing right ventricle in congenital heart disease. Can J Cardiol, 2013, 29(7):768-778. |
| 3. | Fernando AA, Edmar A, Claudio R, et al. Long-term results of correction of tetralogy of Fallot in adulthood. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg, 2004, 25(2):250-255. |
| 4. | 葛建军, 周汝元, 史学功, 等. 法乐氏四联症根治术后心功能的临床评价. 中华医学杂志, 2006, 86(6):407-410. |
| 5. | Morrissey RL, Siu SC, Guerrero JL, et al. Automated assessment of ventricular volume and function by echocardiography:validation of automated border detection. Am Soc Echocardiogr, 1994, 7(2):107-115. |
| 6. | 钟明, 张运, 张薇, 等. 声学定量技术对肥厚型心肌病患者左室舒张功能的评价. 中国超声医学杂志, 2001, 17(5):354-335. |
| 7. | Gottlieb S, Keren A, Khoury Z, et al. Findings of automatic border detection in subjects with left ventricular diastolic dysfunction by Doppler echocardiography. Am Soc Echocardiogr, 1995, 8(2):149-216. |
| 8. | Vignon P, Spencer KT, Mor-Avi V, et al. Eva1uation of global and regional right ventricular function using automated border detection techniques. Echocardiogr, 1999, 16(1):105-116. |
| 9. | 杜莉, 王尔松, 赵宝珍. 彩色多普勒超声对法洛四联症手术指导意义的评价.中国医学影像技术, 2002, 18(9):892-894. |
| 10. | Kaul S, Tei C, Hopkins JM, et al. Assessment of right ventricular function using two-dimensional echocardiography. Am Heart J, 1984, 107(3):526-531. |
| 11. | Mercer-Rosa L, Parnell A, Forfia PR, et al. Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion in the assessment of right ventricular function in children and adolescents after repair of tetralogy of Fallot. Am Soc Echocardiogr, 2013, 26(11):1322-1329. |
| 12. | Bonnemains L, Stos B, Vaugrenard T, et al. Echocardiographic right ventricle longitudinal contraction indices cannot predict ejection fraction in post-operative Fallot children. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging, 2012, 13(3):235-242. |
| 13. | 苏蓉, 邓洁, 李静. 超声心动图评价右心功能的应用. 中国心血管杂志, 2007, 12(6):469-471. |
| 14. | Kaul S, Tei C, Hopkins JM, et al. Assessment of right ventricular function using two-dimensional echocardiography. Am Heart J, 1984, 107(3):526-531. |
| 15. | Levine RA, Gibson TC, Aretz T, et al. Echocardiographic measurement of right ventricular volume. Circulation, 1984, 69(3):497-505. |
| 16. | Foale R, Nihoyannopoulos P, Mckenna W, et al. Echocardiographic measurement of the normal adult right ventricle. Br Heart, 1986, 56(1):33-44. |
| 17. | Helbing WA, Bosch HG, Maliepaard C, et al. Comparison of echocardiographic methods with magnetic resonance imaging for assessment of right ventricular function in children. Am J Cardiol, 1995, 76(8):589-594. |
| 18. | Apfel HD, Solowiejczyk DE, Printz BF, et al. Feasibility of a two-dimensional echocardiographic method for the clinical assessment of right ventricular volume and function in children. J Am Soc Echocardiogr, 1996, 9(5):637-645. |
| 19. | Denslow S, Wiles HB. Right ventricular volumes revisited:a simple model and simple formula for echocardiographic determination. J Am Soc Echocardiogr, 1998, 11(9):864-873. |
| 20. | Rademakers F. Echocardiographic volumetry of the right ventricle. Eur J Echocardiogr, 2005, 6(1):4-6. |
| 21. | Bleeker GB, Steendijk P, Holman ER, et al. Assessing right ventricular function:the role of echocardiography and complementary technologies. Heart, 2006, 92(Suppl 1):i19-i26. |
| 22. | Therrien J, Provost Y, Merehani N, et al. Optimal timing for pulmonary valve replacement in adults after tetralogy of Fallot repair. Am J Cardiol, 2005, 95(6):779-782. |
| 23. | Meluzín J, Spinarová L, Bakala J, et al. Pulsed Doppler tissue imaging of the velocity of tricuspid annular systolic motion; a new, rapid, and non-invasive method of evaluating right ventricular systolic function. Eur Heart J, 2001, 22(4):340-348. |
| 24. | Miller D, Farah MG, Liner A, et al. The relation between quantitative right ventricular ejection fraction and indices of tricuspid annular motion and myocardial performance. J Am Soc Echocardiogr, 2004, 17(5):443-447. |
| 25. | Tüller D, Steiner M, Wahl A, et al. Systolic right ventricular function assessment by pulsed wave tissue Doppler imaging of the tricuspid annulus. Swiss Med Wkly, 2005, 135(31-32):461-468. |
| 26. | Wahl A, Praz F, Schwerzmann M, et al. Assessment of right ventricular systolic function:comparison between cardiac magnetic resonance derived ejection fraction and pulsed-wave Doppler imaging of the tricuspid annulus. Int J Cardiol, 2011, 151(1):58-62. |
| 27. | Pavlicek M, Wahl A, Rutz T, et al. Right ventricular systolic function assessment:rank of echocardiographic methods vs. cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. Eur J Echocardiogr, 2011, 12(11):871-880. |
| 28. | Koestenberger M, Nagel B, Ravekes W, et al. Tricuspid annular peak systolic velocity (S') in children and young adults with pulmonary artery hypertension secondary to congenital heart diseases, and in those with repaired tetralogy of Fallot:echocardiography and MRI data. J Am Soc Echocardiogr, 2012, 25(10):1041-1049. |
| 29. | Salehian O, Burwash I, Chan K, et al. Tricuspid annular systolic velocity predicts maximal oxygen consumption during exercise in adult patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot. J Am Soc Echocardiogr, 2008, 21(4):342-346. |
| 30. | Vogel M, Schmidt MR, Kristiansen SB, et al. Validation of myocardial acceleration during isovolumic contraction as a novel noninvasive index of right ventricular contractility. Circulation, 2002, 105(14):1693-1699. |
| 31. | Cetin I, Varan TB. Evaluation of right ventricular function by using tissue Doppler imaging in patients after repair of tetralogy of fallot. Echocardiography, 2009, 26(8):950-957. |
| 32. | Salehian O, Schwerzmann M, Merchant N, et al. Assessment of systemic right ventricular function in patients with transposition of the great arteries using the myocardial performance index:comparison with cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. Circulation, 2004, 110(20):3229-3233. |
| 33. | Tei C, Ling LH, Hodge DO, et al. New index of combined systolic and diastolic myocardial performance:a simple and reproducible measure of cardiac function-a study in normals and dilated cardiomyopathy. J Cardiol, 1995, 26(6):357-366. |
| 34. | Tei C, Yeo TC, Hodge DO, et al. Prognostic value of a doppler index combining systolic and diastolic performance in idiopathic-dilated cardiomyopathy. Am J Cardiol, 1998, 82(9):1071-1076. |
| 35. | Bruch C, Schmermund A, Marin D, et al. Tei-index in patients with mild-to-moderate congestive heart failure. Eur Heart J, 2000, 21(22):1888-1895. |
| 36. | Cheung E, Lam WS, Cheung Y. Functional implications of the right ventricular myocardial performance index in patients after surgical repair of tetralogy of Fallot. Heart & Vessels, 2008, 23(2):112-117. |
| 37. | Rahman MYAE, Abdul-Khaliq H, Vogel M, et al. Value of the new Doppler-derived myocardial performance index for the evaluation of right and left ventricular function following repair of tetralogy of fallot. Pediat Cardiol, 2002, 23(5):502-507. |
| 38. | 张烨, 李治安, 杨娅, 等. 二维应变超声心动图定量评价左心室整体和局部心肌应变的价值. 中华超声影像学杂志, 2007, 7:564-567. |
| 39. | Artis NJ, Oxborough DL, Williams G, et al. Two-dimensional strain imaging:A new echocardiographic advance with research and clinical applications. Int J Cardiol, 2008, 123(3):240-248. |
| 40. | Jianwen W, Khoury DS, Vinay T, et al. Global diastolic strain rate for the assessment of left ventricular relaxation and filling pressures. Circulation, 2007, 115(11):1376-1383. |
| 41. | Reisner S A, Lysyansky P, Agmon Y, et al. Global longitudinal strain:a novel index of left ventricular systolic function. J Am Soc Echocardiogr, 2004, 17(6):630-633. |
| 42. | Chow PC, Liang XC, Cheung EWY, et al. New two-dimensional global longitudinal strain and strain rate imaging for assessment of systemic right ventricular function. Heart, 2008, 94(7):855-859. |
| 43. | Sadeghpour A, Kyavar M, Madadi S, et al. Doppler-derived strain and strain rate imaging assessment of right ventricular systolic function in adults late after tetralogy of Fallot repair:an observational study. Anadolu Kardiyol Derg, 2013, 13(6):536-542. |
| 44. | Lu JC, Mahani MG, Agarwal PP, et al. Usefulness of right ventricular free wall strain to predict quality of life in "repaired" tetralogy of Fallot. Am J Cardiol, 2013, 111(11):1644-1649. |
| 45. | Claus P, Bijnens B, Gewillig M. Quantification of regional right and left ventricular function by ultrasonic strain rate and strain indexes after surgical repair of tetralogy of Fallot. Am J Cardiol, 2002, 90(2):133-138. |
| 46. | Lu X, Nadvoretskiy V, Bu L, et al. Accuracy and reproducibility of real-time three-dimensional echocardiography for assessment of right ventricular volumes and ejection fraction in children. J Am Soc Echocardiogr, 2008, 21(1):84-89. |
| 47. | Grewal J, Majdalany D, Syed I. Three-dimensional echocardiographic assessment of right ventricular volume and function in adult patients with congenital heart disease:comparison with magnetic resonance imaging. J Am Soc Echocardiogr, 2010, 23(2):127-133. |
| 48. | Hulst AEVD, Roest AAW, Holman ER, et al. Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography:segmental analysis of the right ventricle in patients with repaired tetralogy of fallot. J Am Soc Echocardiogr, 2011, 24(11):1183-1190. |
| 49. | Iriart X, Montaudon M, Lafitte S, et al. Right ventricle three-dimensional echography in corrected tetralogy of fallot:accuracy and variability. Eur J Echocardiogr, 2009, 10(6):784-792. |
| 50. | Hong-Kui Y, Shu-Juan L, Ip JJK, et al. Right ventricular mechanics in adults after surgical repair of tetralogy of fallot:insights from three-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography. J Am Soc Echocardiogr, 2014, 27(4):423-429. |
- 1. Morikawa T, Murata M, Okuda S, et al. Quantitative analysis of right ventricular function in patients with pulmonary hypertension using three-dimensional echocardiography and a two-dimensional summation method compared to magnetic resonance imaging. Am J Cardiol, 2011, 107(3):484-489.
- 2. Roche SL, Redington AN. The failing right ventricle in congenital heart disease. Can J Cardiol, 2013, 29(7):768-778.
- 3. Fernando AA, Edmar A, Claudio R, et al. Long-term results of correction of tetralogy of Fallot in adulthood. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg, 2004, 25(2):250-255.
- 4. 葛建军, 周汝元, 史学功, 等. 法乐氏四联症根治术后心功能的临床评价. 中华医学杂志, 2006, 86(6):407-410.
- 5. Morrissey RL, Siu SC, Guerrero JL, et al. Automated assessment of ventricular volume and function by echocardiography:validation of automated border detection. Am Soc Echocardiogr, 1994, 7(2):107-115.
- 6. 钟明, 张运, 张薇, 等. 声学定量技术对肥厚型心肌病患者左室舒张功能的评价. 中国超声医学杂志, 2001, 17(5):354-335.
- 7. Gottlieb S, Keren A, Khoury Z, et al. Findings of automatic border detection in subjects with left ventricular diastolic dysfunction by Doppler echocardiography. Am Soc Echocardiogr, 1995, 8(2):149-216.
- 8. Vignon P, Spencer KT, Mor-Avi V, et al. Eva1uation of global and regional right ventricular function using automated border detection techniques. Echocardiogr, 1999, 16(1):105-116.
- 9. 杜莉, 王尔松, 赵宝珍. 彩色多普勒超声对法洛四联症手术指导意义的评价.中国医学影像技术, 2002, 18(9):892-894.
- 10. Kaul S, Tei C, Hopkins JM, et al. Assessment of right ventricular function using two-dimensional echocardiography. Am Heart J, 1984, 107(3):526-531.
- 11. Mercer-Rosa L, Parnell A, Forfia PR, et al. Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion in the assessment of right ventricular function in children and adolescents after repair of tetralogy of Fallot. Am Soc Echocardiogr, 2013, 26(11):1322-1329.
- 12. Bonnemains L, Stos B, Vaugrenard T, et al. Echocardiographic right ventricle longitudinal contraction indices cannot predict ejection fraction in post-operative Fallot children. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging, 2012, 13(3):235-242.
- 13. 苏蓉, 邓洁, 李静. 超声心动图评价右心功能的应用. 中国心血管杂志, 2007, 12(6):469-471.
- 14. Kaul S, Tei C, Hopkins JM, et al. Assessment of right ventricular function using two-dimensional echocardiography. Am Heart J, 1984, 107(3):526-531.
- 15. Levine RA, Gibson TC, Aretz T, et al. Echocardiographic measurement of right ventricular volume. Circulation, 1984, 69(3):497-505.
- 16. Foale R, Nihoyannopoulos P, Mckenna W, et al. Echocardiographic measurement of the normal adult right ventricle. Br Heart, 1986, 56(1):33-44.
- 17. Helbing WA, Bosch HG, Maliepaard C, et al. Comparison of echocardiographic methods with magnetic resonance imaging for assessment of right ventricular function in children. Am J Cardiol, 1995, 76(8):589-594.
- 18. Apfel HD, Solowiejczyk DE, Printz BF, et al. Feasibility of a two-dimensional echocardiographic method for the clinical assessment of right ventricular volume and function in children. J Am Soc Echocardiogr, 1996, 9(5):637-645.
- 19. Denslow S, Wiles HB. Right ventricular volumes revisited:a simple model and simple formula for echocardiographic determination. J Am Soc Echocardiogr, 1998, 11(9):864-873.
- 20. Rademakers F. Echocardiographic volumetry of the right ventricle. Eur J Echocardiogr, 2005, 6(1):4-6.
- 21. Bleeker GB, Steendijk P, Holman ER, et al. Assessing right ventricular function:the role of echocardiography and complementary technologies. Heart, 2006, 92(Suppl 1):i19-i26.
- 22. Therrien J, Provost Y, Merehani N, et al. Optimal timing for pulmonary valve replacement in adults after tetralogy of Fallot repair. Am J Cardiol, 2005, 95(6):779-782.
- 23. Meluzín J, Spinarová L, Bakala J, et al. Pulsed Doppler tissue imaging of the velocity of tricuspid annular systolic motion; a new, rapid, and non-invasive method of evaluating right ventricular systolic function. Eur Heart J, 2001, 22(4):340-348.
- 24. Miller D, Farah MG, Liner A, et al. The relation between quantitative right ventricular ejection fraction and indices of tricuspid annular motion and myocardial performance. J Am Soc Echocardiogr, 2004, 17(5):443-447.
- 25. Tüller D, Steiner M, Wahl A, et al. Systolic right ventricular function assessment by pulsed wave tissue Doppler imaging of the tricuspid annulus. Swiss Med Wkly, 2005, 135(31-32):461-468.
- 26. Wahl A, Praz F, Schwerzmann M, et al. Assessment of right ventricular systolic function:comparison between cardiac magnetic resonance derived ejection fraction and pulsed-wave Doppler imaging of the tricuspid annulus. Int J Cardiol, 2011, 151(1):58-62.
- 27. Pavlicek M, Wahl A, Rutz T, et al. Right ventricular systolic function assessment:rank of echocardiographic methods vs. cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. Eur J Echocardiogr, 2011, 12(11):871-880.
- 28. Koestenberger M, Nagel B, Ravekes W, et al. Tricuspid annular peak systolic velocity (S') in children and young adults with pulmonary artery hypertension secondary to congenital heart diseases, and in those with repaired tetralogy of Fallot:echocardiography and MRI data. J Am Soc Echocardiogr, 2012, 25(10):1041-1049.
- 29. Salehian O, Burwash I, Chan K, et al. Tricuspid annular systolic velocity predicts maximal oxygen consumption during exercise in adult patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot. J Am Soc Echocardiogr, 2008, 21(4):342-346.
- 30. Vogel M, Schmidt MR, Kristiansen SB, et al. Validation of myocardial acceleration during isovolumic contraction as a novel noninvasive index of right ventricular contractility. Circulation, 2002, 105(14):1693-1699.
- 31. Cetin I, Varan TB. Evaluation of right ventricular function by using tissue Doppler imaging in patients after repair of tetralogy of fallot. Echocardiography, 2009, 26(8):950-957.
- 32. Salehian O, Schwerzmann M, Merchant N, et al. Assessment of systemic right ventricular function in patients with transposition of the great arteries using the myocardial performance index:comparison with cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. Circulation, 2004, 110(20):3229-3233.
- 33. Tei C, Ling LH, Hodge DO, et al. New index of combined systolic and diastolic myocardial performance:a simple and reproducible measure of cardiac function-a study in normals and dilated cardiomyopathy. J Cardiol, 1995, 26(6):357-366.
- 34. Tei C, Yeo TC, Hodge DO, et al. Prognostic value of a doppler index combining systolic and diastolic performance in idiopathic-dilated cardiomyopathy. Am J Cardiol, 1998, 82(9):1071-1076.
- 35. Bruch C, Schmermund A, Marin D, et al. Tei-index in patients with mild-to-moderate congestive heart failure. Eur Heart J, 2000, 21(22):1888-1895.
- 36. Cheung E, Lam WS, Cheung Y. Functional implications of the right ventricular myocardial performance index in patients after surgical repair of tetralogy of Fallot. Heart & Vessels, 2008, 23(2):112-117.
- 37. Rahman MYAE, Abdul-Khaliq H, Vogel M, et al. Value of the new Doppler-derived myocardial performance index for the evaluation of right and left ventricular function following repair of tetralogy of fallot. Pediat Cardiol, 2002, 23(5):502-507.
- 38. 张烨, 李治安, 杨娅, 等. 二维应变超声心动图定量评价左心室整体和局部心肌应变的价值. 中华超声影像学杂志, 2007, 7:564-567.
- 39. Artis NJ, Oxborough DL, Williams G, et al. Two-dimensional strain imaging:A new echocardiographic advance with research and clinical applications. Int J Cardiol, 2008, 123(3):240-248.
- 40. Jianwen W, Khoury DS, Vinay T, et al. Global diastolic strain rate for the assessment of left ventricular relaxation and filling pressures. Circulation, 2007, 115(11):1376-1383.
- 41. Reisner S A, Lysyansky P, Agmon Y, et al. Global longitudinal strain:a novel index of left ventricular systolic function. J Am Soc Echocardiogr, 2004, 17(6):630-633.
- 42. Chow PC, Liang XC, Cheung EWY, et al. New two-dimensional global longitudinal strain and strain rate imaging for assessment of systemic right ventricular function. Heart, 2008, 94(7):855-859.
- 43. Sadeghpour A, Kyavar M, Madadi S, et al. Doppler-derived strain and strain rate imaging assessment of right ventricular systolic function in adults late after tetralogy of Fallot repair:an observational study. Anadolu Kardiyol Derg, 2013, 13(6):536-542.
- 44. Lu JC, Mahani MG, Agarwal PP, et al. Usefulness of right ventricular free wall strain to predict quality of life in "repaired" tetralogy of Fallot. Am J Cardiol, 2013, 111(11):1644-1649.
- 45. Claus P, Bijnens B, Gewillig M. Quantification of regional right and left ventricular function by ultrasonic strain rate and strain indexes after surgical repair of tetralogy of Fallot. Am J Cardiol, 2002, 90(2):133-138.
- 46. Lu X, Nadvoretskiy V, Bu L, et al. Accuracy and reproducibility of real-time three-dimensional echocardiography for assessment of right ventricular volumes and ejection fraction in children. J Am Soc Echocardiogr, 2008, 21(1):84-89.
- 47. Grewal J, Majdalany D, Syed I. Three-dimensional echocardiographic assessment of right ventricular volume and function in adult patients with congenital heart disease:comparison with magnetic resonance imaging. J Am Soc Echocardiogr, 2010, 23(2):127-133.
- 48. Hulst AEVD, Roest AAW, Holman ER, et al. Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography:segmental analysis of the right ventricle in patients with repaired tetralogy of fallot. J Am Soc Echocardiogr, 2011, 24(11):1183-1190.
- 49. Iriart X, Montaudon M, Lafitte S, et al. Right ventricle three-dimensional echography in corrected tetralogy of fallot:accuracy and variability. Eur J Echocardiogr, 2009, 10(6):784-792.
- 50. Hong-Kui Y, Shu-Juan L, Ip JJK, et al. Right ventricular mechanics in adults after surgical repair of tetralogy of fallot:insights from three-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography. J Am Soc Echocardiogr, 2014, 27(4):423-429.