Research progress on peripheral blood indexes in the prognosis of small cell lung cancer_Chinese Journal of Clinical Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery

Authors：

SHEN Qingwei ¹ , CHEN Yu ² , REN Hongxu ¹ , ZHANG Shuhao ¹ , LI Naibin ¹ ,  CHE Guowei ³

1. Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sichuan Gem Flower Hospital, Chengdu, 610213, P. R. China;
2. Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sichuan Gem Flower Hospital, Chengdu, 610213, P. R. China;
3. Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China;

Corresponding author：

CHE Guowei, Email: cheguowei_hx@aliyun.com

Keywords：

Peripheral blood indexes; small cell lung cancer; prognosis; research progress; review

DOI：

10.7507/1007-4848.202010025

Video：

Export PDF Favorites Scan Get Citation

Abstract Full text Figures/Tables Video References Cited by

In recent years, many scholars have explored the clinical application value of a number of peripheral hematology indexes in tumor patients. The significant correlation of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and platelet to lymphocyte ratio with the prognosis in various tumors has also been confirmed. At present, more peripheral blood indexes have been gradually applied to the evaluation of the prognosis in patients with malignant tumors. Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a type of highly malignant tumor and most patients are in advanced stage at the time of diagnosis. The evaluation value of tumor stage for survival is extremely limited. Therefore, this review intends to explain the relationship between various peripheral hematology indexes and the prognosis of SCLC patients, so as to provide some academic evidence for the clinical assessment of the survival of SCLC patients and formulation of appropriate treatment strategy, which may contribute to the improvement of the prognosis.

Citation： SHEN Qingwei, CHEN Yu, REN Hongxu, ZHANG Shuhao, LI Naibin, CHE Guowei. Research progress on peripheral blood indexes in the prognosis of small cell lung cancer. Chinese Journal of Clinical Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, 2022, 29(6): 788-792. doi: 10.7507/1007-4848.202010025 Copy

1.	Wang Y, Lin L, Ji Y, et al. Prognostic value of the advanced lung cancer inflammation index in early-stage non-small cell lung cancer patients undergoing video-assisted thoracoscopic pulmonary resection. Ann Palliat Med, 2020, 9(3): 721-729.
2.	Oronsky B, Reid TR, Oronsky A, et al. What's new in SCLC? A review. Neoplasia, 2017, 19(10): 842-847.
3.	Sodja E, Rijavec M, Koren A, et al. The prognostic value of whole blood SOX2, NANOG and OCT4 mRNA expression in advanced small-cell lung cancer. Radiol Oncol, 2016, 50(2): 188-196.
4.	Salgia R, Weaver RW, McCleod M, et al. Prognostic and predictive value of circulating tumor cells and CXCR4 expression as biomarkers for a CXCR4 peptide antagonist in combination with carboplatin-etoposide in small cell lung cancer: Exploratory analysis of a phaseⅡstudy. Invest New Drugs, 2017, 35(3): 334-344.
5.	Lu Y, Jiang J, Ren C. The clinicopathological and prognostic value of the pretreatment neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in small cell lung cancer: A meta-analysis. PLoS One, 2020, 15(4): e0230979.
6.	Yang HB, Xing M, Ma LN, et al. Prognostic significance of neutrophil-lymphocyteratio/platelet-lymphocyteratioin lung cancers: A meta-analysis. Oncotarget, 2016, 7(47): 76769-76778.
7.	Li W, Ma G, Wu Q, et al. Prognostic value of lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio among Asian lung cancer patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Oncotarget, 2017, 8(66): 110606-110613.
8.	Zhou T, Zhan J, Hong S, et al. Ratio of C-reactive protein/albumin is an inflammatory prognostic score for predicting overall survival of patients with small-cell lung cancer. Sci Rep, 2015, 5: 10481.
9.	Zhang C, Jia Y, Jia Y, et al. Prognostic and predictive value of plasma D-dimer levels in patients with small-cell lung cancer. Int J Clin Oncol, 2018, 23(6): 1070-1075.
10.	Jiang X, Mei X, Wu H, et al. D-dimer level is related to the prognosis of patients with small cell lung cancer. Ann Transl Med, 2017, 5(20): 394.
11.	Shen M, Hu P, Donskov F, et al. Tumor-associated neutropils as a new prognostic factor in cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One, 2014, 9(6): e98259.
12.	Kim J, Bae JS. Tumor-associated macrophages and neutrophils in tumor microenvironment. Mediators Inflamm, 2016, 2016: 6058147.
13.	Sionov RV, Assi S, Gershkovitz M, et al. Isolation and characterization of neutrophils with anti- tumor propertier. J Vis Exp, 2015, 19(100): e52933.
14.	Liang W, Ferrara N. The complex role of neutrophils in tumor angiogenesis and metastasis. Cancer Immunol Res, 2016, 4(2): 83-91.
15.	Li Z, Takino T, Endo Y, et al. Activation of MMP-9 by membrane type-1 MMP/MMP-2 axis stimulates tumor metastasis. Cancer Sci, 2017, 108(3): 347-353.
16.	Wang SC, Chou JF, Strong VE, et al. Pretreatment neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio independently predicts disease-specific survival in resectable gastroesophageal junction and gastric adenocarcinoma. Ann Surg, 2016, 263(2): 292-297.
17.	Takahashi Y, Kawamura M, Hato T, et al. Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio as a prognostic marker for lung adenocarcinoma after complete resection. World J Surg, 2016, 40(2): 365-372.
18.	Grenader T, Waddell T, Peckitt C, et al. Prognostic value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in advanced oesophago-gastric cancer: Exploratory analysis of the REAL-2 trial. Ann Oncol, 2016, 27(4): 687-692.
19.	Junttila MR, de Sauvage FJ. Influence of tumour micro-environment heterogeneity on therapeutic response. Nature, 2013, 501(7467): 346-354.
20.	曹雪涛, 主编. 医学免疫学. 北京: 人民卫生出版社, 2016. 83-92.
21.	Zhao L, Li T, Yang Y, et al. Clinical value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio as a predictor of prognosis of RetroNectin ®—Activated cytokine-induced killer cell therapy in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. Immunotherapy, 2019, 11(4): 273-282.
22.	Wang J, Kalhor N, Hu J, et al. Pretreatment neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio is associated with poor survival in patients with stage Ⅰ-Ⅲ non-small cell lung cancer. PLoS One, 2016, 11(10): e0163397.
23.	Suh KJ, Kim SH, Kim YJ, et al. Post-treatment neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio at week 6 is prognostic in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancers treated with anti-PD-1 antibody. Cancer Immunol Immunother, 2018, 67(3): 459-470.
24.	Yan M, Jurasz P. The role of platelets in the tumor microenvironment: From solid tumors to leukemia. Biochim Biophys Acta, 2016, 1863(3): 392-400.
25.	孙文兵, 孔健. 血小板在肿瘤进展中的作用. 医学研究杂志, 2016, 45(1): 1-3.
26.	Labelle M, Begum S, Hynes RO. Direct signaling between platelets and cancer cells induces an epithelial-mesenchymal-like transition and promotes metastasis. Cancer Cell, 2011, 20(5): 576-590.
27.	Qi C, Li B, Guo S, et al. P-selectin-mediated adhesion between platelets and tumor cells promotes intestinal tumorigenesis in Apc(Min/+) mice. Int J Biol Sci, 2015, 11(6): 679-687.
28.	Battinelli EM, Markens BA, Kulenthirarajan RA, et al. Anticoagulation inhibits tumor cell-mediated release of platelet angiogenic proteins and diminishes platelet angiogenic response. Blood, 2014, 123(1): 101-112.
29.	Lal I, Dittus K, Holmes CE. Platelets, coagulation and fibrinolysis in breast cancer progression. Breast Cancer Res, 2013, 15(4): 207.
30.	Kopp HG, Placke T, Salih HR. Platelet-derived transforming growth factor-beta down-regulates NKG2D thereby inhibiting natural killer cell antitumor reactivity. Cancer Res, 2009, 69(19): 7775-7783.
31.	Shen XB, Wang Y, Shan BJ, et al. Prognostic significance of platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and mean platelet volume (MPV) during etoposide-based first-line treatment in small cell lung cancer patients. Cancer Manag Res, 2019, 11: 8965-8975.
32.	Sakin A, Sahin S, Yasar N, et al. The relation between hemogram parameters and survival in extensive-stage small cell lung cancer. Oncol Res Treat, 2019, 42(10): 506-515.
33.	Zhang Q, Qu Y, Liu H, et al. Initial platelet-to-lymphocyte count as prognostic factor in limited-stage small cell lung cancer. Biomark Med, 2019, 13(4): 249-258.
34.	王彦, 徐文颖, 蒲俊栏, 等. 治疗前淋巴细胞/单核细胞比值与中国食管鳞癌患者预后关系的 Meta 分析. 医学研究杂志, 2020, 49(1): 128-132, 117.
35.	Wu P, Wu D, Zhao L, et al. Inverse role of distinct subsets and distribution of macrophage in lung cancer prognosis: A meta-analysis. Oncotarget, 2016, 7(26): 40451-40460.
36.	Go S, Kim R, Song H, et al. Prognostic significance of the lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio in patients with small cell lung cancer. Med Oncol, 2014, 31(12): 323.
37.	Elsberger B, Lankston L, McMillan DC, et al. Presence of tumoural C-reactive protein correlates with progressive prostate cancer. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis, 2011, 14(2): 122-128.
38.	陈冲, 葛鹏, 白银鹏, 等. CRP/Alb 比值对肺癌患者预后的临床价值. 检验医学, 2017, 32(3): 173-177.
39.	Demir S. Role of sterile pyuria in association to elevated PSA values in the diagnosis of non-palpable prostate cancer? Arch Ital Urol Androl, 2019, 91(3): 167.
40.	Rocha P, Morgan CJ, Templeton AJ, et al. Prognostic impact of C-reactive protein in metastatic prostate cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Oncol Res Treat, 2014, 37(12): 772-776.
41.	Leuzzi G, Galeone C, Gisabella M, et al. Baseline C-reactive protein level predicts survival of early-stage lung cancer: Evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis. Tumori, 2016, 102(5): 441-449.
42.	Caraceni P, Tufoni M, Bonavita ME. Clinical use of albumin. Blood Transfus, 2013, 11(4): s18-s25.
43.	Castell JV, Gómez-Lechón MJ, David M, et al. Acute-phase response of human hepatocytes: Regulation of acute-phase protein synthesis by interleukin-6. Hepatology, 1990, 12(5): 1179-1186.
44.	Li J, Cheng Y, Liu G, et al. The association of pretreatment serum albumin with outcomes in bladder cancer: A meta-analysis. Onco Targets Ther. 2018 Jun 15; 11: 3449-3459.
45.	Ge L, Wang F. Prognostic significance of preoperative serum albumin in epithelial ovarian cancer patients: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of observational studies. Cancer Manag Res, 2018, 10: 815-825.
46.	邓梅毓, 赵建清. 血浆 D-二聚体与肺癌分期、病理类型及预后相关性研究. 河北北方学院学报(自然科学版), 2020, 8: 5-7.
47.	Fan S, Zhao G, An G. High pretreatment plasma D-dimer levels are associated with shorter overall survival in patients with small cell lung cancer. J Int Med Res, 2019, 47(1): 215-224.

1. Wang Y, Lin L, Ji Y, et al. Prognostic value of the advanced lung cancer inflammation index in early-stage non-small cell lung cancer patients undergoing video-assisted thoracoscopic pulmonary resection. Ann Palliat Med, 2020, 9(3): 721-729.
2. Oronsky B, Reid TR, Oronsky A, et al. What's new in SCLC? A review. Neoplasia, 2017, 19(10): 842-847.
3. Sodja E, Rijavec M, Koren A, et al. The prognostic value of whole blood SOX2, NANOG and OCT4 mRNA expression in advanced small-cell lung cancer. Radiol Oncol, 2016, 50(2): 188-196.
4. Salgia R, Weaver RW, McCleod M, et al. Prognostic and predictive value of circulating tumor cells and CXCR4 expression as biomarkers for a CXCR4 peptide antagonist in combination with carboplatin-etoposide in small cell lung cancer: Exploratory analysis of a phaseⅡstudy. Invest New Drugs, 2017, 35(3): 334-344.
5. Lu Y, Jiang J, Ren C. The clinicopathological and prognostic value of the pretreatment neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in small cell lung cancer: A meta-analysis. PLoS One, 2020, 15(4): e0230979.
6. Yang HB, Xing M, Ma LN, et al. Prognostic significance of neutrophil-lymphocyteratio/platelet-lymphocyteratioin lung cancers: A meta-analysis. Oncotarget, 2016, 7(47): 76769-76778.
7. Li W, Ma G, Wu Q, et al. Prognostic value of lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio among Asian lung cancer patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Oncotarget, 2017, 8(66): 110606-110613.
8. Zhou T, Zhan J, Hong S, et al. Ratio of C-reactive protein/albumin is an inflammatory prognostic score for predicting overall survival of patients with small-cell lung cancer. Sci Rep, 2015, 5: 10481.
9. Zhang C, Jia Y, Jia Y, et al. Prognostic and predictive value of plasma D-dimer levels in patients with small-cell lung cancer. Int J Clin Oncol, 2018, 23(6): 1070-1075.
10. Jiang X, Mei X, Wu H, et al. D-dimer level is related to the prognosis of patients with small cell lung cancer. Ann Transl Med, 2017, 5(20): 394.
11. Shen M, Hu P, Donskov F, et al. Tumor-associated neutropils as a new prognostic factor in cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One, 2014, 9(6): e98259.
12. Kim J, Bae JS. Tumor-associated macrophages and neutrophils in tumor microenvironment. Mediators Inflamm, 2016, 2016: 6058147.
13. Sionov RV, Assi S, Gershkovitz M, et al. Isolation and characterization of neutrophils with anti- tumor propertier. J Vis Exp, 2015, 19(100): e52933.
14. Liang W, Ferrara N. The complex role of neutrophils in tumor angiogenesis and metastasis. Cancer Immunol Res, 2016, 4(2): 83-91.
15. Li Z, Takino T, Endo Y, et al. Activation of MMP-9 by membrane type-1 MMP/MMP-2 axis stimulates tumor metastasis. Cancer Sci, 2017, 108(3): 347-353.
16. Wang SC, Chou JF, Strong VE, et al. Pretreatment neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio independently predicts disease-specific survival in resectable gastroesophageal junction and gastric adenocarcinoma. Ann Surg, 2016, 263(2): 292-297.
17. Takahashi Y, Kawamura M, Hato T, et al. Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio as a prognostic marker for lung adenocarcinoma after complete resection. World J Surg, 2016, 40(2): 365-372.
18. Grenader T, Waddell T, Peckitt C, et al. Prognostic value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in advanced oesophago-gastric cancer: Exploratory analysis of the REAL-2 trial. Ann Oncol, 2016, 27(4): 687-692.
19. Junttila MR, de Sauvage FJ. Influence of tumour micro-environment heterogeneity on therapeutic response. Nature, 2013, 501(7467): 346-354.
20. 曹雪涛, 主编. 医学免疫学. 北京: 人民卫生出版社, 2016. 83-92.
21. Zhao L, Li T, Yang Y, et al. Clinical value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio as a predictor of prognosis of RetroNectin ®—Activated cytokine-induced killer cell therapy in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. Immunotherapy, 2019, 11(4): 273-282.
22. Wang J, Kalhor N, Hu J, et al. Pretreatment neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio is associated with poor survival in patients with stage Ⅰ-Ⅲ non-small cell lung cancer. PLoS One, 2016, 11(10): e0163397.
23. Suh KJ, Kim SH, Kim YJ, et al. Post-treatment neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio at week 6 is prognostic in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancers treated with anti-PD-1 antibody. Cancer Immunol Immunother, 2018, 67(3): 459-470.
24. Yan M, Jurasz P. The role of platelets in the tumor microenvironment: From solid tumors to leukemia. Biochim Biophys Acta, 2016, 1863(3): 392-400.
25. 孙文兵, 孔健. 血小板在肿瘤进展中的作用. 医学研究杂志, 2016, 45(1): 1-3.
26. Labelle M, Begum S, Hynes RO. Direct signaling between platelets and cancer cells induces an epithelial-mesenchymal-like transition and promotes metastasis. Cancer Cell, 2011, 20(5): 576-590.
27. Qi C, Li B, Guo S, et al. P-selectin-mediated adhesion between platelets and tumor cells promotes intestinal tumorigenesis in Apc(Min/+) mice. Int J Biol Sci, 2015, 11(6): 679-687.
28. Battinelli EM, Markens BA, Kulenthirarajan RA, et al. Anticoagulation inhibits tumor cell-mediated release of platelet angiogenic proteins and diminishes platelet angiogenic response. Blood, 2014, 123(1): 101-112.
29. Lal I, Dittus K, Holmes CE. Platelets, coagulation and fibrinolysis in breast cancer progression. Breast Cancer Res, 2013, 15(4): 207.
30. Kopp HG, Placke T, Salih HR. Platelet-derived transforming growth factor-beta down-regulates NKG2D thereby inhibiting natural killer cell antitumor reactivity. Cancer Res, 2009, 69(19): 7775-7783.
31. Shen XB, Wang Y, Shan BJ, et al. Prognostic significance of platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and mean platelet volume (MPV) during etoposide-based first-line treatment in small cell lung cancer patients. Cancer Manag Res, 2019, 11: 8965-8975.
32. Sakin A, Sahin S, Yasar N, et al. The relation between hemogram parameters and survival in extensive-stage small cell lung cancer. Oncol Res Treat, 2019, 42(10): 506-515.
33. Zhang Q, Qu Y, Liu H, et al. Initial platelet-to-lymphocyte count as prognostic factor in limited-stage small cell lung cancer. Biomark Med, 2019, 13(4): 249-258.
34. 王彦, 徐文颖, 蒲俊栏, 等. 治疗前淋巴细胞/单核细胞比值与中国食管鳞癌患者预后关系的 Meta 分析. 医学研究杂志, 2020, 49(1): 128-132, 117.
35. Wu P, Wu D, Zhao L, et al. Inverse role of distinct subsets and distribution of macrophage in lung cancer prognosis: A meta-analysis. Oncotarget, 2016, 7(26): 40451-40460.
36. Go S, Kim R, Song H, et al. Prognostic significance of the lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio in patients with small cell lung cancer. Med Oncol, 2014, 31(12): 323.
37. Elsberger B, Lankston L, McMillan DC, et al. Presence of tumoural C-reactive protein correlates with progressive prostate cancer. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis, 2011, 14(2): 122-128.
38. 陈冲, 葛鹏, 白银鹏, 等. CRP/Alb 比值对肺癌患者预后的临床价值. 检验医学, 2017, 32(3): 173-177.
39. Demir S. Role of sterile pyuria in association to elevated PSA values in the diagnosis of non-palpable prostate cancer? Arch Ital Urol Androl, 2019, 91(3): 167.
40. Rocha P, Morgan CJ, Templeton AJ, et al. Prognostic impact of C-reactive protein in metastatic prostate cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Oncol Res Treat, 2014, 37(12): 772-776.
41. Leuzzi G, Galeone C, Gisabella M, et al. Baseline C-reactive protein level predicts survival of early-stage lung cancer: Evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis. Tumori, 2016, 102(5): 441-449.
42. Caraceni P, Tufoni M, Bonavita ME. Clinical use of albumin. Blood Transfus, 2013, 11(4): s18-s25.
43. Castell JV, Gómez-Lechón MJ, David M, et al. Acute-phase response of human hepatocytes: Regulation of acute-phase protein synthesis by interleukin-6. Hepatology, 1990, 12(5): 1179-1186.
44. Li J, Cheng Y, Liu G, et al. The association of pretreatment serum albumin with outcomes in bladder cancer: A meta-analysis. Onco Targets Ther. 2018 Jun 15; 11: 3449-3459.
45. Ge L, Wang F. Prognostic significance of preoperative serum albumin in epithelial ovarian cancer patients: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of observational studies. Cancer Manag Res, 2018, 10: 815-825.
46. 邓梅毓, 赵建清. 血浆 D-二聚体与肺癌分期、病理类型及预后相关性研究. 河北北方学院学报(自然科学版), 2020, 8: 5-7.
47. Fan S, Zhao G, An G. High pretreatment plasma D-dimer levels are associated with shorter overall survival in patients with small cell lung cancer. J Int Med Res, 2019, 47(1): 215-224.

Chinese Journal of Clinical Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery

Research progress on peripheral blood indexes in the prognosis of small cell lung cancer

Abstract Full text Figures/Tables Video References Cited by

Previous Article

Next Article

Format

Content