Clinical Study of Infiltration of Breast Cancer Surface Skin_CHINESE JOURNAL OF BASES AND CLINICS IN GENERAL SURGERY

Authors：

 LIWen-fang , ZHANGDan-feng , WANGQun , ZHAOZong-bin ,  WANGGeng

Department of General Surgery, Taihe Hospital Affiliated to Hubei Medical University, Shiyan 442000, Hubei Province, China;

Corresponding author：

WANGGeng, Email: zzb54@sohu.Com

Keywords：

Breast cancer; Human mammary gland globin; Skin infiltration

DOI：

10.7507/1007-9424.20140235

Video：

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Objective To study the infiltration situation of breast cancer surface skin, and explore the characteristics of infiltration of breast cancer surface skin at the molecular level. Methods Nested reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction technique was used to detect the expressions of human mammaglobin(hMAM)mRNA in 15 cases of hyperplasia of mammary gland tissues, 15 cases of breast fibroadenoma tissues, and 60 cases of breast cancer tissues and their corresponding tumor surface skins. The relationship of the hMAM mRNA expression in the surface skins of breast cancer tissue to its clinicopathologic characteristics was analyzed. Results The hMAM mRNA positive expressions in the breast fibroadenoma tissues, hyperplasia of mammary gland tissues, and breast cancer tissues were 40.00%(6/15), 53.33%(8/15), and 83.33%(50/60), respectively, which in the breast cancer tissues was significantly higher than that in the breast fibroadenoma tissues or hyperplasia of mammary gland tissues(P < 0.05). There was no hMAM mRNA positive expression in the surface skin of fibroadenoma or hyperplasia of mammary gland tissues, but there was 3(5.00%)cases of the hMAM mRNA positive expressions in the breast cancer surface skin. The hMAM mRNA positive expression in the breast cancer surface skin was not related with the patient age, tumor diameter, and tumor staging(P > 0.05), but was related with axillary lymph nodes metastasis and distance from tumor to nipple less than 4 cm(P < 0.05). Conclusions The hMAM mRNA highly expresses in breast cancer tissue and it has a certain value in the diagnosis of infiltration of breast cancer surface skin. The patients with axillary lymph node metastasis and distance from tumor to nipple less than 4 cm are more susceptible to infiltration of breast cancer surface skin.

Citation： LIWen-fang, ZHANGDan-feng, WANGQun, ZHAOZong-bin, WANGGeng. Clinical Study of Infiltration of Breast Cancer Surface Skin. CHINESE JOURNAL OF BASES AND CLINICS IN GENERAL SURGERY, 2014, 21(8): 976-979. doi: 10.7507/1007-9424.20140235 Copy

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2.	Narendra H, Ray S. Breast conserving surgery for breast cancer: single institutional experience from Southern India[J]. Indian J Cancer, 2012, 48(4): 415-422.
3.	Emmadi R, Wiley EL. Evaluation of resection margins in breast conservation therapy: the pathology perspective-past, present, and future[J]. 2012, 2012: Article ID 180259, 9 pages. doi. org/10. 1155/2012/180259.
4.	周韬, 黄平, 莫军扬, 等.早中期乳腺癌保留乳头乳晕改良根治术后离断背阔肌止点扩大肌皮瓣Ⅰ期乳房再造术的临床效果[J].中国普外基础与临床杂志, 2014, 21(2): 212-216.
5.	Zhao S, Yang H, Zhang M, et al. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) detected by triple-marker EpCAM, CK19, and hMAM RT-PCR and their relation to clinical outcome in metastatic breast cancer patients[J]. Cell Biochem Biophys, 2013, 65(2): 263-273.
6.	吴国球, 张臣, 孙宏伟, 等.建立人乳腺珠蛋白mRNA FQ-PCR方法用于乳腺癌微小转移的诊断[J].临床检验杂志, 2006, 24(2): 85-88.
7.	Han JH, Kang Y, Shin HC, et al. Mammaglobin expression in lymph nodes is an important marker of metastatic breast carcinoma[J]. Arch Pathol Lab Med, 2003, 127(10): 1330-1334.
8.	Watson MA, Fleming TP. Mammaglobin, a mammary-specific member of the uteroglobin gene family, is overexpressed in human breast cancer[J]. Cancer Res, 1996, 56(4): 860-865.
9.	Zuo L, Li L, Wang Q, et al. Mammaglobin as a potential molecular target for breast cancer drug delivery[J]. Cancer Cell Int, 2009, 9: 8.
10.	Lee GW, Kim JY, Koh EH, et al. Plasma human mammaglobin mRNA associated with poor outcome in patients with breast cancer[J]. Genet Mol Res, 2012, 11(4): 4034-4042.
11.	葛旭明, 高方喜, 陈昊.乳腺癌皮肤浸润及其临床相关因素[J].医学理论与实践, 2001, 14(6): 495-497.
12.	Lookingbill DP, Spangler N, Sexton FM. Skin involvement as the presenting sign of internal carcinoma. A retrospective study of 7316 cancer patients[J]. J Am Acad Dermatol, 1990, 22(1): 19-26.
13.	Ho CM, Mak CK, Lau Y, et al. Skin involvement in invasive breast carcinoma: safety of skin-sparing mastectomy[J]. Ann Surg Oncol, 2003, 10(2): 102-107.
14.	Chiummariello S, Arleo S, Pataia E, et al. Skin reducing mastectomy and immediate breast reconstruction with Becker 35 contour profile breast implant: our experience[J]. Minerva Chir, 2012, 67(1): 59-66.
15.	Kim SI, Cho SH, Lee JS, et al. Clinical relevance of lymph node ratio in breast cancer patients with one to three positive lymph nodes[J]. Br J Cancer, 2013, 109(5): 1165-1171.
16.	Huang L, Liu Z, Chen S, et al. A prognostic model for triplenegative breast cancer patients based on node status, cathepsin-D and Ki-67 index[J]. PLoS One, 2013, 8(12): e83081.
17.	Elkhodary TR, Ebrahim MA, Hatata EE, et al. Prognostic value of lymph node ratio in node-positive breast cancer in Egyptian patients[J]. J Egypt Natl Canc Inst, 2014, 26(1): 31-35.
18.	Pirozzi PR, Rossetti C, Carelli I, et al. Clinical and morphological factors predictive of occult involvement of the nipple-areola complex in mastectomy specimens[J]. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol, 2010, 148(2): 177-181.

1. Fisher B, Anderson S, Bryant J, et al. Twenty-year follow-up of a randomized trial comparing total mastectomy, lumpectomy, and lumpectomy plus irradiation for the treatment of invasive breast cancer[J]. N Engl J Med, 2002, 347(16): 1233-1241.
2. Narendra H, Ray S. Breast conserving surgery for breast cancer: single institutional experience from Southern India[J]. Indian J Cancer, 2012, 48(4): 415-422.
3. Emmadi R, Wiley EL. Evaluation of resection margins in breast conservation therapy: the pathology perspective-past, present, and future[J]. 2012, 2012: Article ID 180259, 9 pages. doi. org/10. 1155/2012/180259.
4. 周韬, 黄平, 莫军扬, 等.早中期乳腺癌保留乳头乳晕改良根治术后离断背阔肌止点扩大肌皮瓣Ⅰ期乳房再造术的临床效果[J].中国普外基础与临床杂志, 2014, 21(2): 212-216.
5. Zhao S, Yang H, Zhang M, et al. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) detected by triple-marker EpCAM, CK19, and hMAM RT-PCR and their relation to clinical outcome in metastatic breast cancer patients[J]. Cell Biochem Biophys, 2013, 65(2): 263-273.
6. 吴国球, 张臣, 孙宏伟, 等.建立人乳腺珠蛋白mRNA FQ-PCR方法用于乳腺癌微小转移的诊断[J].临床检验杂志, 2006, 24(2): 85-88.
7. Han JH, Kang Y, Shin HC, et al. Mammaglobin expression in lymph nodes is an important marker of metastatic breast carcinoma[J]. Arch Pathol Lab Med, 2003, 127(10): 1330-1334.
8. Watson MA, Fleming TP. Mammaglobin, a mammary-specific member of the uteroglobin gene family, is overexpressed in human breast cancer[J]. Cancer Res, 1996, 56(4): 860-865.
9. Zuo L, Li L, Wang Q, et al. Mammaglobin as a potential molecular target for breast cancer drug delivery[J]. Cancer Cell Int, 2009, 9: 8.
10. Lee GW, Kim JY, Koh EH, et al. Plasma human mammaglobin mRNA associated with poor outcome in patients with breast cancer[J]. Genet Mol Res, 2012, 11(4): 4034-4042.
11. 葛旭明, 高方喜, 陈昊.乳腺癌皮肤浸润及其临床相关因素[J].医学理论与实践, 2001, 14(6): 495-497.
12. Lookingbill DP, Spangler N, Sexton FM. Skin involvement as the presenting sign of internal carcinoma. A retrospective study of 7316 cancer patients[J]. J Am Acad Dermatol, 1990, 22(1): 19-26.
13. Ho CM, Mak CK, Lau Y, et al. Skin involvement in invasive breast carcinoma: safety of skin-sparing mastectomy[J]. Ann Surg Oncol, 2003, 10(2): 102-107.
14. Chiummariello S, Arleo S, Pataia E, et al. Skin reducing mastectomy and immediate breast reconstruction with Becker 35 contour profile breast implant: our experience[J]. Minerva Chir, 2012, 67(1): 59-66.
15. Kim SI, Cho SH, Lee JS, et al. Clinical relevance of lymph node ratio in breast cancer patients with one to three positive lymph nodes[J]. Br J Cancer, 2013, 109(5): 1165-1171.
16. Huang L, Liu Z, Chen S, et al. A prognostic model for triplenegative breast cancer patients based on node status, cathepsin-D and Ki-67 index[J]. PLoS One, 2013, 8(12): e83081.
17. Elkhodary TR, Ebrahim MA, Hatata EE, et al. Prognostic value of lymph node ratio in node-positive breast cancer in Egyptian patients[J]. J Egypt Natl Canc Inst, 2014, 26(1): 31-35.
18. Pirozzi PR, Rossetti C, Carelli I, et al. Clinical and morphological factors predictive of occult involvement of the nipple-areola complex in mastectomy specimens[J]. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol, 2010, 148(2): 177-181.

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CHINESE JOURNAL OF BASES AND CLINICS IN GENERAL SURGERY

Clinical Study of Infiltration of Breast Cancer Surface Skin

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