- 1. Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second People's Hospital of Huai'an City, Huai'an 223001, Jiangsu Province, China;
- 2. Department of Gastric Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China;
Citation: ZHAOHai-jian, SHENLi-zong. Research Progress of Gastric Intestinal Metaplasia. CHINESE JOURNAL OF BASES AND CLINICS IN GENERAL SURGERY, 2015, 22(6): 767-771. doi: 10.7507/1007-9424.20150199 Copy
1. | Ferlay J, Shin HR, Bray F, et al. Estimates of worldwide burden of cancer in 2008:GLOBOCAN 2008. Int J Cancer, 2010, 127(12):2893-2917. |
2. | Japanese Gastric Cancer Association Registration Committee; Maruyama K, Kaminishi M, et al. Gastric cancer treated in 1991 in Japan:data analysis of nationwide registry. Gastric Cancer, 2006, 9(2):51-66. |
3. | Shen L, Huang Y, Sun M, et al. Clinicopathological features associated with lymph node metastasis in early gastric cancer:analysis of a single-institution experience in China. Can J Gastroenterol, 2009, 23(5):353-356. |
4. | Correa P. A human model of gastric carcinogenesis. Cancer Res, 1988, 48(13):3554-3560. |
5. | de Vries AC, Kuipers EJ. Epidemiology of premalignant gastric lesions:implications for the development of screening and surveillance strategies. Helicobacter, 2007, 12 Suppl 2:22-31. |
6. | de Vries AC, Haringsma J, Kuipers EJ. The detection, surveillance and treatment of premalignant gastric lesions related to Helicobacter pylori infection. Helicobacter, 2007, 12(1):1-15. |
7. | Zullo A, Hassan C, Romiti A, et al. Follow-up of intestinal metaplasia in the stomach:when, how and why. World J Gastrointest Oncol, 2012, 4(3):30-36. |
8. | Chandrasoma PT, Der R, Ma Y, et al. Histologic classification of patients based on mapping biopsies of the gastroesophageal junction. Am J Surg Pathol, 2003, 27(7):929-936. |
9. | Chiu PW, Ng EK, To KF, et al. Recognition of goblet cells upon endocytoscopy indicates the presence of gastric intestinal metaplasia. Dig Endosc, 2014, 26(1):52-56. |
10. | Correa P, Piazuelo MB, Wilson KT. Pathology of gastric intestinal metaplasia:clinical implications. Am J Gastroenterol, 2010, 105(3):493-498. |
11. | Li Y, Chang X, Zhou W, et al. Gastric intestinal metaplasia with basal gland atypia:a morphological and biologic evaluation in a large Chinese cohort. Hum Pathol, 2013, 44(4):578-590. |
12. | Piazuelo MB, Haque S, Delgado A, et al. Phenotypic differences between esophageal and gastric intestinal metaplasia. Mod Pathol, 2004, 17(1):62-74. |
13. | Eriksson NK, Kärkkäinen PA, Färkkilä MA, et al. Prevalence and distribution of gastric intestinal metaplasia and its subtypes. Dig Liver Dis, 2008, 40(5):355-360. |
14. | Silva S, Filipe MI, Pinho A. Variants of intestinal metaplasia in the evolution of chronic atrophic gastritis and gastric ulcer. A follow up study. Gut, 1990, 31(10):1097-1104. |
15. | Hong JB, Xia L, Zuo W, et al. Risk factors for intestinal metaplasia in concomitant gastric and duodenal ulcer disease. Exp Ther Med, 2014, 7(4):929-934. |
16. | You WC, Zhang L, Gail MH, et al. Precancerous lesions in two counties of China with contrasting gastric cancer risk. Int J Epidemiol, 1998, 27(6):945-948. |
17. | Dinis-Ribeiro M, Areia M, de Vries AC, et al. Management of precancerous conditions and lesions in the stomach (MAPS):guideline from the European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE), European Helicobacter Study Group (EHSG), European Society of Pathology (ESP), and the Sociedade Portuguesa de Endoscopia Digestiva (SPED). Endoscopy, 2012, 44(1):74-94. |
18. | de Vries AC, Haringsma J, de Vries RA, et al. Biopsy strategies for endoscopic surveillance of pre-malignant gastric lesions. Helicobacter, 2010, 15(4):259-264. |
19. | Goldman A, Shahidullah M, Goldman D, et al. A novel mechanism of acid and bile acid-induced DNA damage involving Na+/H+ exchanger:implication for Barrett's oesophagus. Gut, 2010, 59(12):1606-1616. |
20. | Matsuhisa T, Arakawa T, Watanabe T, et al. Relation between bile acid reflux into the stomach and the risk of atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia:a multicenter study of 2 283 cases. Dig Endosc, 2013, 25(5):519-525. |
21. | Almouradi T, Hiatt T, Attar B. Gastric intestinal metaplasia in an underserved population in the USA:prevalence, epidemiologic and clinical features. Gastroenterol Res Pract, 2013, 2013:856256. |
22. | de Vries AC, van Grieken NC, Looman CW, et al. Gastric cancer risk in patients with premalignant gastric lesions:a nationwide cohort study in the Netherlands. Gastroenterology, 2008, 134(4):945-952. |
23. | Felley C, Bouzourene H, Vanmelle MB, et al. Age, smoking and overweight contribute to the development of intestinal metaplasia of the cardia. World J Gastroenterol, 2012, 18(17):2076-2083. |
24. | Yee YK, Wong KW, Hui CK, et al. Prevalence and time trend of intestinal metaplasia in Hong Kong. J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 2009, 24(5):896-899. |
25. | Correa P. Human gastric carcinogenesis:a multistep and multifactorial process-First American Cancer Society Award Lecture on Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention. Cancer Res, 1992, 52(24):6735-6740. |
26. | Bronner MP. Gastric cancer and intestinal metaplasia. Hum Pathol, 1999, 30(7):733. |
27. | Rauws EA, Langenberg W, Houthoff HJ, et al. Campylobacter pyloridis-associated chronic active antral gastritis. A prospective study of its prevalence and the effects of antibacterial and antiulcer treatment. Gastroenterology, 1988, 94(1):33-40. |
28. | Correa P. Precursors of gastric and esophageal cancer. Cancer, 1982, 50(11 Suppl):2554-2565. |
29. | Rugge M, Correa P, Dixon MF, et al. Gastric dysplasia:the Padova international classification. Am J Surg Pathol, 2000, 24(2):167-176. |
30. | González CA, Pardo ML, Liso JM, et al. Gastric cancer occurrence in preneoplastic lesions:a long-term follow-up in a high-risk area in Spain. Int J Cancer, 2010, 127(11):2654-2660. |
31. | Dinis-Ribeiro M, Lopes C, da Costa-Pereira A, et al. A follow up model for patients with atrophic chronic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia. J Clin Pathol, 2004, 57(2):177-182. |
32. | Rokkas T, Filipe MI, Sladen GE. Detection of an increased incidence of early gastric cancer in patients with intestinal metaplasia typeⅢwho are closely followed up. Gut, 1991, 32(10):1110-1113. |
33. | El-Zimaity HM, Ramchatesingh J, Saeed MA, et al. Gastric intestinal metaplasia:subtypes and natural history. J Clin Pathol, 2001, 54(9):679-683. |
34. | Kang KP, Lee HS, Kim N, et al. Role of intestinal metaplasia subtyping in the risk of gastric cancer in Korea. J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 2009, 24(1):140-148. |
35. | Tatsuta M, Iishi H, Nakaizumi A, et al. Fundal atrophic gastritis as a risk factor for gastric cancer. Int J Cancer, 1993, 53(1):70-74. |
36. | González CA, Sanz-Anquela JM, Gisbert JP, et al. Utility of subtyping intestinal metaplasia as marker of gastric cancer risk. A review of the evidence. Int J Cancer, 2013, 133(5):1023-1032. |
37. | Sagiv E, Starr A, Rozovski U, et al. Targeting CD24 for treatment of colorectal and pancreatic cancer by monoclonal antibodies or small interfering RNA. Cancer Res, 2008, 68(8):2803-2812. |
38. | Bretz NP, Salnikov AV, Perne C, et al. CD24 controls Src/STAT3 activity in human tumors. Cell Mol Life Sci, 2012, 69(22):3863-3879. |
39. | Wang YC, Wang JL, Kong X, et al. CD24 mediates gastric carcinogenesis and promotes gastric cancer progression via STAT3 activation. Apoptosis, 2014, 19(4):643-656. |
40. | Feng XS, Wang YF, Hao SG, et al. Expression of Das-1, Ki67 and sulfuric proteins in gastric cardia adenocarcinoma and intestinal metaplasia lesions. Exp Ther Med, 2013, 5(6):1555-1558. |
41. | Dai J, Zhang N, Wang J, et al. Gastrokine-2 is downregulated in gastric cancer and its restoration suppresses gastric tumorigenesis and cancer metastasis. Tumour Biol, 2014, 35(5):4199-4207. |
42. | Zheng ZX, Sun Y, Bu ZD, et al. Intestinal stem cell marker LGR5 expression during gastric carcinogenesis. World J Gastroenterol, 2013, 19(46):8714-8721. |
43. | Leung WK, Wu MS, Kakugawa Y, et al. Screening for gastric cancer in Asia:current evidence and practice. Lancet Oncol, 2008, 9(3):279-287. |
44. | Repici A, Pagano N, Hassan C, et al. Endoscopic submucosal dissection of gastric neoplastic lesions in patients with liver cirrhosis:a systematic review. J Gastrointestin Liver Dis, 2012, 21(3):303-307. |
45. | Yeh JM, Hur C, Kuntz KM, et al. Cost-effectiveness of treatment and endoscopic surveillance of precancerous lesions to prevent gastric cancer. Cancer, 2010, 116(12):2941-2953. |
46. | Hirota WK, Zuckerman MJ, Adler DG, et al. ASGE guideline:the role of endoscopy in the surveillance of premalignant conditions of the upper GI tract. Gastrointest Endosc, 2006, 63(4):570-580. |
47. | Cooper SC, El-agib A, Dar S, et al. Endoscopic surveillance for Barrett's oesophagus:the patients' perspective. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 2009, 21(8):850-854. |
48. | O'Connor A, McNamara D, O'Moráin CA. Surveillance of gastric intestinal metaplasia for the prevention of gastric cancer. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2013, 9:CD009322. |
49. | Leung WK, Lin SR, Ching JY, et al. Factors predicting progression of gastric intestinal metaplasia:results of a randomised trial on Helicobacter pylori eradication. Gut, 2004, 53(9):1244-1249. |
50. | Kang JM, Kim N, Shin CM, et al. Predictive factors for improvement of atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia after Helicobacter pylori eradication:a three-year follow-up study in Korea. Helicobacter, 2012, 17(2):86-95. |
51. | Lee YC, Chen TH, Chiu HM, et al. The benefit of mass eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection:a community-based study of gastric cancer prevention. Gut, 2013, 62(5):676-682. |
52. | Rokkas T, Pistiolas D, Sechopoulos P, et al. The long-term impact of Helicobacter pylori eradication on gastric histology:a systematic review and meta-analysis. Helicobacter, 2007, 12 Suppl 2:32-38. |
53. | Wang J, Xu L, Shi R, et al. Gastric atrophy and intestinal metaplasia before and after Helicobacter pylori eradication:a meta-analysis. Digestion, 2011, 83(4):253-260. |
54. | Moon CM, Kim SH, Lee SK, et al. Chronic tamoxifen use is associated with a decreased risk of intestinal metaplasia in human gastric epithelium. Dig Dis Sci, 2014, 59(6):1244-1254. |
55. | Oshima H, Hioki K, Popivanova BK, et al. Prostaglandin E2 signaling and bacterial infection recruit tumor-promoting macrophages to mouse gastric tumors. Gastroenterology, 2011, 140(2):596-607. |
56. | Parsons AB, Lopez A, Givoni IE, et al. Exploring the mode-of-action of bioactive compounds by chemical-genetic profiling in yeast. Cell, 2006, 126(3):611-625. |
57. | Morad SA, Levin JC, Tan SF, et al. Novel off-target effect of tamoxifen-inhibition of acid ceramidase activity in cancer cells. Biochim Biophys Acta, 2013, 1831(12):1657-1664. |
58. | Huh WJ, Khurana SS, Geahlen JH, et al.Tamoxifen induces rapid, reversible atrophy, and metaplasia in mouse stomach.Gastroenterology, 2012, 142(1):21-24. |
59. | Wada T, Ishimoto T, Seishima R, et al.Functional role of CD44vxCT system in the development of spasmolytic polypeptide-expressing metaplasia.Cancer Sci, 2013, 104(10):1323-1329. |
60. | Goldenring JR.Gastric intestinal metaplasia and tamoxifen:can we reverse the inevitable?.Dig Dis Sci, 2014, 59(6):1078-1079. |
- 1. Ferlay J, Shin HR, Bray F, et al. Estimates of worldwide burden of cancer in 2008:GLOBOCAN 2008. Int J Cancer, 2010, 127(12):2893-2917.
- 2. Japanese Gastric Cancer Association Registration Committee; Maruyama K, Kaminishi M, et al. Gastric cancer treated in 1991 in Japan:data analysis of nationwide registry. Gastric Cancer, 2006, 9(2):51-66.
- 3. Shen L, Huang Y, Sun M, et al. Clinicopathological features associated with lymph node metastasis in early gastric cancer:analysis of a single-institution experience in China. Can J Gastroenterol, 2009, 23(5):353-356.
- 4. Correa P. A human model of gastric carcinogenesis. Cancer Res, 1988, 48(13):3554-3560.
- 5. de Vries AC, Kuipers EJ. Epidemiology of premalignant gastric lesions:implications for the development of screening and surveillance strategies. Helicobacter, 2007, 12 Suppl 2:22-31.
- 6. de Vries AC, Haringsma J, Kuipers EJ. The detection, surveillance and treatment of premalignant gastric lesions related to Helicobacter pylori infection. Helicobacter, 2007, 12(1):1-15.
- 7. Zullo A, Hassan C, Romiti A, et al. Follow-up of intestinal metaplasia in the stomach:when, how and why. World J Gastrointest Oncol, 2012, 4(3):30-36.
- 8. Chandrasoma PT, Der R, Ma Y, et al. Histologic classification of patients based on mapping biopsies of the gastroesophageal junction. Am J Surg Pathol, 2003, 27(7):929-936.
- 9. Chiu PW, Ng EK, To KF, et al. Recognition of goblet cells upon endocytoscopy indicates the presence of gastric intestinal metaplasia. Dig Endosc, 2014, 26(1):52-56.
- 10. Correa P, Piazuelo MB, Wilson KT. Pathology of gastric intestinal metaplasia:clinical implications. Am J Gastroenterol, 2010, 105(3):493-498.
- 11. Li Y, Chang X, Zhou W, et al. Gastric intestinal metaplasia with basal gland atypia:a morphological and biologic evaluation in a large Chinese cohort. Hum Pathol, 2013, 44(4):578-590.
- 12. Piazuelo MB, Haque S, Delgado A, et al. Phenotypic differences between esophageal and gastric intestinal metaplasia. Mod Pathol, 2004, 17(1):62-74.
- 13. Eriksson NK, Kärkkäinen PA, Färkkilä MA, et al. Prevalence and distribution of gastric intestinal metaplasia and its subtypes. Dig Liver Dis, 2008, 40(5):355-360.
- 14. Silva S, Filipe MI, Pinho A. Variants of intestinal metaplasia in the evolution of chronic atrophic gastritis and gastric ulcer. A follow up study. Gut, 1990, 31(10):1097-1104.
- 15. Hong JB, Xia L, Zuo W, et al. Risk factors for intestinal metaplasia in concomitant gastric and duodenal ulcer disease. Exp Ther Med, 2014, 7(4):929-934.
- 16. You WC, Zhang L, Gail MH, et al. Precancerous lesions in two counties of China with contrasting gastric cancer risk. Int J Epidemiol, 1998, 27(6):945-948.
- 17. Dinis-Ribeiro M, Areia M, de Vries AC, et al. Management of precancerous conditions and lesions in the stomach (MAPS):guideline from the European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE), European Helicobacter Study Group (EHSG), European Society of Pathology (ESP), and the Sociedade Portuguesa de Endoscopia Digestiva (SPED). Endoscopy, 2012, 44(1):74-94.
- 18. de Vries AC, Haringsma J, de Vries RA, et al. Biopsy strategies for endoscopic surveillance of pre-malignant gastric lesions. Helicobacter, 2010, 15(4):259-264.
- 19. Goldman A, Shahidullah M, Goldman D, et al. A novel mechanism of acid and bile acid-induced DNA damage involving Na+/H+ exchanger:implication for Barrett's oesophagus. Gut, 2010, 59(12):1606-1616.
- 20. Matsuhisa T, Arakawa T, Watanabe T, et al. Relation between bile acid reflux into the stomach and the risk of atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia:a multicenter study of 2 283 cases. Dig Endosc, 2013, 25(5):519-525.
- 21. Almouradi T, Hiatt T, Attar B. Gastric intestinal metaplasia in an underserved population in the USA:prevalence, epidemiologic and clinical features. Gastroenterol Res Pract, 2013, 2013:856256.
- 22. de Vries AC, van Grieken NC, Looman CW, et al. Gastric cancer risk in patients with premalignant gastric lesions:a nationwide cohort study in the Netherlands. Gastroenterology, 2008, 134(4):945-952.
- 23. Felley C, Bouzourene H, Vanmelle MB, et al. Age, smoking and overweight contribute to the development of intestinal metaplasia of the cardia. World J Gastroenterol, 2012, 18(17):2076-2083.
- 24. Yee YK, Wong KW, Hui CK, et al. Prevalence and time trend of intestinal metaplasia in Hong Kong. J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 2009, 24(5):896-899.
- 25. Correa P. Human gastric carcinogenesis:a multistep and multifactorial process-First American Cancer Society Award Lecture on Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention. Cancer Res, 1992, 52(24):6735-6740.
- 26. Bronner MP. Gastric cancer and intestinal metaplasia. Hum Pathol, 1999, 30(7):733.
- 27. Rauws EA, Langenberg W, Houthoff HJ, et al. Campylobacter pyloridis-associated chronic active antral gastritis. A prospective study of its prevalence and the effects of antibacterial and antiulcer treatment. Gastroenterology, 1988, 94(1):33-40.
- 28. Correa P. Precursors of gastric and esophageal cancer. Cancer, 1982, 50(11 Suppl):2554-2565.
- 29. Rugge M, Correa P, Dixon MF, et al. Gastric dysplasia:the Padova international classification. Am J Surg Pathol, 2000, 24(2):167-176.
- 30. González CA, Pardo ML, Liso JM, et al. Gastric cancer occurrence in preneoplastic lesions:a long-term follow-up in a high-risk area in Spain. Int J Cancer, 2010, 127(11):2654-2660.
- 31. Dinis-Ribeiro M, Lopes C, da Costa-Pereira A, et al. A follow up model for patients with atrophic chronic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia. J Clin Pathol, 2004, 57(2):177-182.
- 32. Rokkas T, Filipe MI, Sladen GE. Detection of an increased incidence of early gastric cancer in patients with intestinal metaplasia typeⅢwho are closely followed up. Gut, 1991, 32(10):1110-1113.
- 33. El-Zimaity HM, Ramchatesingh J, Saeed MA, et al. Gastric intestinal metaplasia:subtypes and natural history. J Clin Pathol, 2001, 54(9):679-683.
- 34. Kang KP, Lee HS, Kim N, et al. Role of intestinal metaplasia subtyping in the risk of gastric cancer in Korea. J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 2009, 24(1):140-148.
- 35. Tatsuta M, Iishi H, Nakaizumi A, et al. Fundal atrophic gastritis as a risk factor for gastric cancer. Int J Cancer, 1993, 53(1):70-74.
- 36. González CA, Sanz-Anquela JM, Gisbert JP, et al. Utility of subtyping intestinal metaplasia as marker of gastric cancer risk. A review of the evidence. Int J Cancer, 2013, 133(5):1023-1032.
- 37. Sagiv E, Starr A, Rozovski U, et al. Targeting CD24 for treatment of colorectal and pancreatic cancer by monoclonal antibodies or small interfering RNA. Cancer Res, 2008, 68(8):2803-2812.
- 38. Bretz NP, Salnikov AV, Perne C, et al. CD24 controls Src/STAT3 activity in human tumors. Cell Mol Life Sci, 2012, 69(22):3863-3879.
- 39. Wang YC, Wang JL, Kong X, et al. CD24 mediates gastric carcinogenesis and promotes gastric cancer progression via STAT3 activation. Apoptosis, 2014, 19(4):643-656.
- 40. Feng XS, Wang YF, Hao SG, et al. Expression of Das-1, Ki67 and sulfuric proteins in gastric cardia adenocarcinoma and intestinal metaplasia lesions. Exp Ther Med, 2013, 5(6):1555-1558.
- 41. Dai J, Zhang N, Wang J, et al. Gastrokine-2 is downregulated in gastric cancer and its restoration suppresses gastric tumorigenesis and cancer metastasis. Tumour Biol, 2014, 35(5):4199-4207.
- 42. Zheng ZX, Sun Y, Bu ZD, et al. Intestinal stem cell marker LGR5 expression during gastric carcinogenesis. World J Gastroenterol, 2013, 19(46):8714-8721.
- 43. Leung WK, Wu MS, Kakugawa Y, et al. Screening for gastric cancer in Asia:current evidence and practice. Lancet Oncol, 2008, 9(3):279-287.
- 44. Repici A, Pagano N, Hassan C, et al. Endoscopic submucosal dissection of gastric neoplastic lesions in patients with liver cirrhosis:a systematic review. J Gastrointestin Liver Dis, 2012, 21(3):303-307.
- 45. Yeh JM, Hur C, Kuntz KM, et al. Cost-effectiveness of treatment and endoscopic surveillance of precancerous lesions to prevent gastric cancer. Cancer, 2010, 116(12):2941-2953.
- 46. Hirota WK, Zuckerman MJ, Adler DG, et al. ASGE guideline:the role of endoscopy in the surveillance of premalignant conditions of the upper GI tract. Gastrointest Endosc, 2006, 63(4):570-580.
- 47. Cooper SC, El-agib A, Dar S, et al. Endoscopic surveillance for Barrett's oesophagus:the patients' perspective. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 2009, 21(8):850-854.
- 48. O'Connor A, McNamara D, O'Moráin CA. Surveillance of gastric intestinal metaplasia for the prevention of gastric cancer. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2013, 9:CD009322.
- 49. Leung WK, Lin SR, Ching JY, et al. Factors predicting progression of gastric intestinal metaplasia:results of a randomised trial on Helicobacter pylori eradication. Gut, 2004, 53(9):1244-1249.
- 50. Kang JM, Kim N, Shin CM, et al. Predictive factors for improvement of atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia after Helicobacter pylori eradication:a three-year follow-up study in Korea. Helicobacter, 2012, 17(2):86-95.
- 51. Lee YC, Chen TH, Chiu HM, et al. The benefit of mass eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection:a community-based study of gastric cancer prevention. Gut, 2013, 62(5):676-682.
- 52. Rokkas T, Pistiolas D, Sechopoulos P, et al. The long-term impact of Helicobacter pylori eradication on gastric histology:a systematic review and meta-analysis. Helicobacter, 2007, 12 Suppl 2:32-38.
- 53. Wang J, Xu L, Shi R, et al. Gastric atrophy and intestinal metaplasia before and after Helicobacter pylori eradication:a meta-analysis. Digestion, 2011, 83(4):253-260.
- 54. Moon CM, Kim SH, Lee SK, et al. Chronic tamoxifen use is associated with a decreased risk of intestinal metaplasia in human gastric epithelium. Dig Dis Sci, 2014, 59(6):1244-1254.
- 55. Oshima H, Hioki K, Popivanova BK, et al. Prostaglandin E2 signaling and bacterial infection recruit tumor-promoting macrophages to mouse gastric tumors. Gastroenterology, 2011, 140(2):596-607.
- 56. Parsons AB, Lopez A, Givoni IE, et al. Exploring the mode-of-action of bioactive compounds by chemical-genetic profiling in yeast. Cell, 2006, 126(3):611-625.
- 57. Morad SA, Levin JC, Tan SF, et al. Novel off-target effect of tamoxifen-inhibition of acid ceramidase activity in cancer cells. Biochim Biophys Acta, 2013, 1831(12):1657-1664.
- 58. Huh WJ, Khurana SS, Geahlen JH, et al.Tamoxifen induces rapid, reversible atrophy, and metaplasia in mouse stomach.Gastroenterology, 2012, 142(1):21-24.
- 59. Wada T, Ishimoto T, Seishima R, et al.Functional role of CD44vxCT system in the development of spasmolytic polypeptide-expressing metaplasia.Cancer Sci, 2013, 104(10):1323-1329.
- 60. Goldenring JR.Gastric intestinal metaplasia and tamoxifen:can we reverse the inevitable?.Dig Dis Sci, 2014, 59(6):1078-1079.
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