The Advance of Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma Prognostic Factors_CHINESE JOURNAL OF BASES AND CLINICS IN GENERAL SURGERY

Authors：

 LIXiao-song ^1,2 ,  ZHENGJun ^1,2 , YAORu-cheng ^1,2

1. Department of General Surgery, The First Clinical Medicine College, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, Hubei Province, China;
2. Institute of Hepatopancreatobilary Surgery, The Three Gorges University, Yichang 443003, Hubei Yichang, China;

Corresponding author：

ZHENGJun, Email: zhengjun1995@163.com

Keywords：

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma; Prognostic factor; Survival rate; Review literature

DOI：

10.7507/1007-9424.20160032

Video：

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Abstract Full text Figures/Tables Video References Cited by

Objective To overview the various molecular biological index to judge the prognosis of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC), in order to promote ICC patients follow-up treatment, improve survival rate, and quality of life of the patients. Methods "ICC" and "prognostic factor" were searched as key words by PubMed and CNKI series full-text database retrieval systems from 2000 to 2015. Totally 48 English papers and 15 Chinese papers were obtained. Choice criteria:the molecular biological index that affect the prognosis of ICC patients, and can effectively guide treatment. According to the choice criteria, 45 papers were finally analyzed. Results The indicators of Homer1, mucin 1 (MUC1)\mucin 4 (MUC4), lactate dehydrogenase A (LDH-A), Beclin1, Smad4, protein tyrosine kinase-7 (PTK7), IMP3, cytokeratin 7 (CK7)/cytokeratin 20 (CK20), and sphingosine kinase 1 (SPHK1) could be used as prognostic factors in the survival of patients with ICC, and to determine tumor size and stage, vascular invasion, nerve injury, and lymph node metastasis, are of great clinical significance. Conclusion These indicators have a significant meanning in the prognosis of ICC and the adjustment of the follow-up treatment.

Citation： LIXiao-song, ZHENGJun, YAORu-cheng. The Advance of Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma Prognostic Factors. CHINESE JOURNAL OF BASES AND CLINICS IN GENERAL SURGERY, 2016, 23(1): 114-118. doi: 10.7507/1007-9424.20160032 Copy

1.	Bragazzi MC, Cardinale V, Carpino G, et al. Cholangiocarcinoma:epidemiology and risk factors. Translat Gastrointest Cancer, 2012, 1(1):21-32.
2.	吴孟超, 吴在德.黄家驷外科学中册. 7版.北京:人民卫生出版社, 2008:1695-1763.
3.	Patel T. Worldwide trends in mortality from biliary tract maligna-ncies. BMC Cancer, 2002, 2:10.
4.	Shaib Y, El-Serag HB. The epidemiology of cholangiocarcinoma. Semin Liver Dis, 2004, 24(2):115-125.
5.	Koh KC, Lee H, Choi MS, et al. Clinicopathologic features and prognosis of combined hepatocellular cholangiocarcinoma. Am J Surg, 2005, 189(1):120-125.
6.	Bridgewater J, Galle PR, Khan SA, et al. Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. J Hepatol, 2014, 60(6):1268-1289.
7.	Nathan H, Aloia TA, Vauthey JN, et al. A proposed staging system for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol, 2009, 16(1):14-22.
8.	Jiang Z, Chu PG, Woda BA, et al. Analysis of RNA-binding protein IMP3 to predict metastasis and prognosis of renal-cell carcinoma:a retrospective study. Lancet Oncol, 2006, 7(7):556-564.
9.	Wu SY, Yu MX, Li XG, et al. Identification of Homer1 as a potential prognostic marker for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 2014, 15(7):3299-3304.
10.	黄奋, 周泉波, 陈汝福, 等.黏蛋白1在肝内胆管结石合并肝内胆管癌的表达及意义.中华普通外科学文献:电子版, 2010, 4(5):424-427.
11.	Park SY, Roh SJ, Kim YN, et al. Expression of MUC1, MUC2, MUC5AC and MUC6 in cholangiocarcinoma:prognostic impact. Oncol Rep, 2009, 22(3):649-657.
12.	Tamada S, Goto M, Nomoto M, et al. Expression of MUC1 and MUC2 mucins in extrahepatic bile duct carcinomas:its relationship with tumor progression and prognosis. Patho Int, 2002, 52(11):713-723.
13.	Zen Y, Sasaki M, Fujii T, et al. Different expression patterns of mucin core proteins and cytokeratins during intrahepatic cholan-giocarcinogenesis from biliary intraepithelial neoplasia and intra-ductal papillary neoplasm of bile duct-An immunohistochemical study of 110 cases of hepatolithiasis. J Hepatol, 2006, 44(2):350-358.
14.	贺彦宇. MUC3、MUC4在肝内胆管结石并肝内胆管癌组织中的表达及相关研究.南华大学, 2012:1-52.
15.	Fantin VR, St-Pierre J, Leder P. Attenuation of LDH-A expression uncovers a link between glycolysis, mitochondrial physiology, and tumor maintenance. Cancer Cell, 2006, 9(6):425-434.
16.	Yu Y, Liao M, Liu R, et al. Overexpression of lactate dehydrogenase-A in human intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma:its implication for treatment. World J Surg Oncol, 2014, 12:78.
17.	Wang AG, Yoon SY, Oh JH, et al. Identification of intrahepaticcho-langiocarcinoma related genes by comparison with normal liver-tissues using expressed sequence tags. Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 2006, 345(3):1022-1032.
18.	Liang XH, Jackson S, Seaman M, et al. Induction of autophagy and inhibition of tumorigenesis by beclin 1. Nature, 1999, 402(6762):672-676.
19.	Won KY, Kim GY, Kim YW, et al. Clinicopathologic correlation of beclin-1 and bcl-2 expression in human breast cancer. Hum Pathol, 2010, 41(1):107-112.
20.	Dong LW, Hou YJ, Tan YX, et al. Prognostic significance of Beclin 1 in intrahepatic cholangiocellular carcinoma. Autophagy, 2011, 7(10):1222-1229.
21.	Schwarte-Waldhoff I, Klein S, Blass-Kampmann S, et al. DPC4/SMAD4 mediated tumor suppression of colon carcinoma cells is associated with reduced urokinase expression. Oncogene, 1999, 18(20):3152-3158.
22.	Yan XQ, Zhang W, Zhang BX, et al. Inactivation of Smad4 is a prognostic factor in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Chin Med J (Engl). 2013, 126(16):3039-3043.
23.	Meng L, Sefah K, O'Donoghue MB, et al. Silencing of PTK7 in colon cancer cells:caspase-10-dependent apoptosis via mitochon-drial pathway. PLoS One, 2010, 5(11):e14018.
24.	Mossie K, Jallal B, Alves F, et al. Colon carcinoma kinase-4 defines a new subclass of the receptor tyrosine kinase family. Oncogene, 1995, 11(10):2179-2184.
25.	Shangguan D, Cao Z, Meng L, et al. Cell-specific aptamer probes for membrane protein elucidation in cancer cells. J Proteome Res, 2008, 7(5):2133-2139.
26.	Jin J, Ryu HS, Lee KB, et al. High expression of protein tyrosine kinase 7 significantly associates with invasiveness and poor prog-nosis in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. PLos One, 2014, 9(2):e90247.
27.	Nielsen J, Christiansen J, Lykke-Andersen J, et al. A family of insulin-like growth factorⅡmRNA-binding proteins represses translation in late development. Mol Cell Biol, 1999, 19(2):1262-1270.
28.	Mueller-Pillasch F, Pohl B, Wilda M, et al. Expression of the highly conserved RNA binding protein KOC in embryogenesis. Mech Dev, 1999, 88(1):95-99.
29.	Yantiss RK, Woda BA, Fanger GR, et al. KOC (K homology domain containing protein overexpressed in cancer):a novel molecular marker that distinguishes between benign and malignant lesions of the pancreas. Am J Surg Pathol, 2005, 29(2):188-195.
30.	Walter O, Prasad M, Lu S, et al. IMP3 is a novel biomarker for triple negative invasive mammary carcinoma associated with a more aggressive phenotype. Hum Pathol, 2009, 40(11):1528-1533.
31.	Lu D, Vohra P, Chu PG, et al. An oncofetal protein IMP3:a new molecular marker for the detection of esophageal adenocarcinoma and high-grade dysplasia. Am J Surg Pathol, 2009; 33(4):521-525.
32.	Lu D, Yang X, Jiang NY, et al. IMP3, a new biomarker to predict progression of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia into invasive cancer. Am J Surg Pathol, 2011; 35(11):1638-1645.
33.	Gao Y, Yang M, Jiang Z, et al. IMP3 expression is associated with poor outcome and epigenetic deregulation in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Hum Pathol, 2014, 45(6):1184-1191.
34.	Poultsides GA, Zhu AX, Choti MA, et al. Intrahepatic cholangiocar-cinoma. Surg Clin North Am, 2010, 90(4):817-837.
35.	Sulpice L, Rayar M, Boucher E, et al. Treatment of recurrent intrahe-patic cholangiocarcinoma. Br J Surg, 2012, 99(12):1711-1717.
36.	王猛, 赵勇, 孙国志, 等. CK7和CK20在肝内胆管癌及肝内胆管结石旁胆管组织中的表达.中国现代普通外科进展, 2010, 13(5):373-375.
37.	Sia D, Tovar V, Moeini A, et al. Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma:pathogenesis and rationale for molecular therapies. Oncogene, 2013, 32(41):4861-4870.
38.	Hezel AF, Deshpande V, Zhu AX. Genetics of biliary tract cancers and emerging targeted therapies. J Clin Oncol, 2010, 28(21):3531-3540.
39.	Chen MH, Lin KJ, Yang WL, et al. Gene expression-based chemical genomics identifies heat-shock protein 90 inhibitors as potential therapeutic drugs in cholangiocarcinoma. Cancer. 2013, 119(2):293-303.
40.	Chen MH, Chiang KC, Cheng CT, et al. Antitumor activity of the combination of an HSP90 inhibitor and a PI3K/mTOR dual inhi-bitor against cholangiocarcinoma. Oncotarget, 2014, 5(9):2372-2389.
41.	Zhu AX, Hezel AF. Development of molecularly targeted therapies in biliary tract cancers:reassessing the challenges and opportunities. Hepatology, 2011, 53(2):695-704.
42.	Shida D, Takabe K, Kapitonov D, et al. Targeting SphK1 as a new strategy against cancer. Curr Drug Targets, 2008, 9(8):662-673.
43.	Pyne NJ, Pyne S. Sphingosine 1-phosphate and cancer. Nat Rev Cancer, 2010, 10(7):489-503.
44.	Chen MH, Yen CC, Cheng CT, et al. Identification of SPHK1 as a therapeutic target and marker of poor prognosis in cholangiocar-cinoma. Oncotarget, 2015, 6(27):23594-23608.
45.	Matsumoto K, Onoyama T, Kawata S, et al. Hepatitis B and C virus infection is a risk factor for the development of cholangiocarcinoma. Intern Med, 2014, 53(7):651-654.

1. Bragazzi MC, Cardinale V, Carpino G, et al. Cholangiocarcinoma:epidemiology and risk factors. Translat Gastrointest Cancer, 2012, 1(1):21-32.
2. 吴孟超, 吴在德.黄家驷外科学中册. 7版.北京:人民卫生出版社, 2008:1695-1763.
3. Patel T. Worldwide trends in mortality from biliary tract maligna-ncies. BMC Cancer, 2002, 2:10.
4. Shaib Y, El-Serag HB. The epidemiology of cholangiocarcinoma. Semin Liver Dis, 2004, 24(2):115-125.
5. Koh KC, Lee H, Choi MS, et al. Clinicopathologic features and prognosis of combined hepatocellular cholangiocarcinoma. Am J Surg, 2005, 189(1):120-125.
6. Bridgewater J, Galle PR, Khan SA, et al. Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. J Hepatol, 2014, 60(6):1268-1289.
7. Nathan H, Aloia TA, Vauthey JN, et al. A proposed staging system for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol, 2009, 16(1):14-22.
8. Jiang Z, Chu PG, Woda BA, et al. Analysis of RNA-binding protein IMP3 to predict metastasis and prognosis of renal-cell carcinoma:a retrospective study. Lancet Oncol, 2006, 7(7):556-564.
9. Wu SY, Yu MX, Li XG, et al. Identification of Homer1 as a potential prognostic marker for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 2014, 15(7):3299-3304.
10. 黄奋, 周泉波, 陈汝福, 等.黏蛋白1在肝内胆管结石合并肝内胆管癌的表达及意义.中华普通外科学文献:电子版, 2010, 4(5):424-427.
11. Park SY, Roh SJ, Kim YN, et al. Expression of MUC1, MUC2, MUC5AC and MUC6 in cholangiocarcinoma:prognostic impact. Oncol Rep, 2009, 22(3):649-657.
12. Tamada S, Goto M, Nomoto M, et al. Expression of MUC1 and MUC2 mucins in extrahepatic bile duct carcinomas:its relationship with tumor progression and prognosis. Patho Int, 2002, 52(11):713-723.
13. Zen Y, Sasaki M, Fujii T, et al. Different expression patterns of mucin core proteins and cytokeratins during intrahepatic cholan-giocarcinogenesis from biliary intraepithelial neoplasia and intra-ductal papillary neoplasm of bile duct-An immunohistochemical study of 110 cases of hepatolithiasis. J Hepatol, 2006, 44(2):350-358.
14. 贺彦宇. MUC3、MUC4在肝内胆管结石并肝内胆管癌组织中的表达及相关研究.南华大学, 2012:1-52.
15. Fantin VR, St-Pierre J, Leder P. Attenuation of LDH-A expression uncovers a link between glycolysis, mitochondrial physiology, and tumor maintenance. Cancer Cell, 2006, 9(6):425-434.
16. Yu Y, Liao M, Liu R, et al. Overexpression of lactate dehydrogenase-A in human intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma:its implication for treatment. World J Surg Oncol, 2014, 12:78.
17. Wang AG, Yoon SY, Oh JH, et al. Identification of intrahepaticcho-langiocarcinoma related genes by comparison with normal liver-tissues using expressed sequence tags. Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 2006, 345(3):1022-1032.
18. Liang XH, Jackson S, Seaman M, et al. Induction of autophagy and inhibition of tumorigenesis by beclin 1. Nature, 1999, 402(6762):672-676.
19. Won KY, Kim GY, Kim YW, et al. Clinicopathologic correlation of beclin-1 and bcl-2 expression in human breast cancer. Hum Pathol, 2010, 41(1):107-112.
20. Dong LW, Hou YJ, Tan YX, et al. Prognostic significance of Beclin 1 in intrahepatic cholangiocellular carcinoma. Autophagy, 2011, 7(10):1222-1229.
21. Schwarte-Waldhoff I, Klein S, Blass-Kampmann S, et al. DPC4/SMAD4 mediated tumor suppression of colon carcinoma cells is associated with reduced urokinase expression. Oncogene, 1999, 18(20):3152-3158.
22. Yan XQ, Zhang W, Zhang BX, et al. Inactivation of Smad4 is a prognostic factor in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Chin Med J (Engl). 2013, 126(16):3039-3043.
23. Meng L, Sefah K, O'Donoghue MB, et al. Silencing of PTK7 in colon cancer cells:caspase-10-dependent apoptosis via mitochon-drial pathway. PLoS One, 2010, 5(11):e14018.
24. Mossie K, Jallal B, Alves F, et al. Colon carcinoma kinase-4 defines a new subclass of the receptor tyrosine kinase family. Oncogene, 1995, 11(10):2179-2184.
25. Shangguan D, Cao Z, Meng L, et al. Cell-specific aptamer probes for membrane protein elucidation in cancer cells. J Proteome Res, 2008, 7(5):2133-2139.
26. Jin J, Ryu HS, Lee KB, et al. High expression of protein tyrosine kinase 7 significantly associates with invasiveness and poor prog-nosis in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. PLos One, 2014, 9(2):e90247.
27. Nielsen J, Christiansen J, Lykke-Andersen J, et al. A family of insulin-like growth factorⅡmRNA-binding proteins represses translation in late development. Mol Cell Biol, 1999, 19(2):1262-1270.
28. Mueller-Pillasch F, Pohl B, Wilda M, et al. Expression of the highly conserved RNA binding protein KOC in embryogenesis. Mech Dev, 1999, 88(1):95-99.
29. Yantiss RK, Woda BA, Fanger GR, et al. KOC (K homology domain containing protein overexpressed in cancer):a novel molecular marker that distinguishes between benign and malignant lesions of the pancreas. Am J Surg Pathol, 2005, 29(2):188-195.
30. Walter O, Prasad M, Lu S, et al. IMP3 is a novel biomarker for triple negative invasive mammary carcinoma associated with a more aggressive phenotype. Hum Pathol, 2009, 40(11):1528-1533.
31. Lu D, Vohra P, Chu PG, et al. An oncofetal protein IMP3:a new molecular marker for the detection of esophageal adenocarcinoma and high-grade dysplasia. Am J Surg Pathol, 2009; 33(4):521-525.
32. Lu D, Yang X, Jiang NY, et al. IMP3, a new biomarker to predict progression of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia into invasive cancer. Am J Surg Pathol, 2011; 35(11):1638-1645.
33. Gao Y, Yang M, Jiang Z, et al. IMP3 expression is associated with poor outcome and epigenetic deregulation in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Hum Pathol, 2014, 45(6):1184-1191.
34. Poultsides GA, Zhu AX, Choti MA, et al. Intrahepatic cholangiocar-cinoma. Surg Clin North Am, 2010, 90(4):817-837.
35. Sulpice L, Rayar M, Boucher E, et al. Treatment of recurrent intrahe-patic cholangiocarcinoma. Br J Surg, 2012, 99(12):1711-1717.
36. 王猛, 赵勇, 孙国志, 等. CK7和CK20在肝内胆管癌及肝内胆管结石旁胆管组织中的表达.中国现代普通外科进展, 2010, 13(5):373-375.
37. Sia D, Tovar V, Moeini A, et al. Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma:pathogenesis and rationale for molecular therapies. Oncogene, 2013, 32(41):4861-4870.
38. Hezel AF, Deshpande V, Zhu AX. Genetics of biliary tract cancers and emerging targeted therapies. J Clin Oncol, 2010, 28(21):3531-3540.
39. Chen MH, Lin KJ, Yang WL, et al. Gene expression-based chemical genomics identifies heat-shock protein 90 inhibitors as potential therapeutic drugs in cholangiocarcinoma. Cancer. 2013, 119(2):293-303.
40. Chen MH, Chiang KC, Cheng CT, et al. Antitumor activity of the combination of an HSP90 inhibitor and a PI3K/mTOR dual inhi-bitor against cholangiocarcinoma. Oncotarget, 2014, 5(9):2372-2389.
41. Zhu AX, Hezel AF. Development of molecularly targeted therapies in biliary tract cancers:reassessing the challenges and opportunities. Hepatology, 2011, 53(2):695-704.
42. Shida D, Takabe K, Kapitonov D, et al. Targeting SphK1 as a new strategy against cancer. Curr Drug Targets, 2008, 9(8):662-673.
43. Pyne NJ, Pyne S. Sphingosine 1-phosphate and cancer. Nat Rev Cancer, 2010, 10(7):489-503.
44. Chen MH, Yen CC, Cheng CT, et al. Identification of SPHK1 as a therapeutic target and marker of poor prognosis in cholangiocar-cinoma. Oncotarget, 2015, 6(27):23594-23608.
45. Matsumoto K, Onoyama T, Kawata S, et al. Hepatitis B and C virus infection is a risk factor for the development of cholangiocarcinoma. Intern Med, 2014, 53(7):651-654.

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The Advance of Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma Prognostic Factors

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