Progression of Diagnosis and Treatment of Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma_CHINESE JOURNAL OF BASES AND CLINICS IN GENERAL SURGERY

Authors：

 GONGYan-ping , LIUFeng , ZOUXiu-he , MAYu , SUAn-ping , LEIJian-yong , WEITao , GONGRi-xiang , LIZhihui ,  ZHUJing-qiang

Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China;

Corresponding author：

ZHUJing-qiang, Email: zjq-wkys@163.com

Keywords：

medullary thyroid carcinoma; Diagnosis; Gene detection; surgery; Treatment

DOI：

10.7507/1007-9424.20160168

Video：

Export PDF Favorites Scan Get Citation

Abstract Full text Figures/Tables Video References Cited by

Objective To investigate diagnosis, gene detection, and treatment principle of medullary thyroid carcinoma.Method The relevant literatures and guidelines about diagnosis and treatment of medullary thyroid carcinoma were summarized and analyzed retrospectively. Results medullary thyroid carcinoma was given priority to surgical treatment. hereditary medullary cancer could be prophylactic thyroidectomy by the RET gene test results. advanced progressive medullary thyroid carcinoma, could be treated by palliative surgery, external radiotherapy, or systemic treatment with the tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Conclusions Prognosis of medullary thyroid carcinoma is worse, and occurrence of early metastasis is easy. so the first operation should be thoroughgoing. and the operation timing of prophylactic total thyroidectomy for hereditary medullary cancer could be determined by the results of RET gene detection to achieving early cure.

Citation： GONGYan-ping, LIUFeng, ZOUXiu-he, MAYu, SUAn-ping, LEIJian-yong, WEITao, GONGRi-xiang, LIZhihui, ZHUJing-qiang. Progression of Diagnosis and Treatment of Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma. CHINESE JOURNAL OF BASES AND CLINICS IN GENERAL SURGERY, 2016, 23(5): 620-625. doi: 10.7507/1007-9424.20160168 Copy

1.	Cancer of the Thyroid Invasive:Trends in sEER Incidence and U.s. mortality Using the Joinpoint Regression Program, 1975-2011. (sEER) stat version 8.1.2 Rate session. access the sEER 18 database at www.seer.cancer.gov.
2.	schlumberger m, Pacini F. Thyroid tumors. Paris:Edition Nucleon.2006:313-340.
3.	Wells sa Jr, asa sL, Dralle h, et al. american Thyroid association Guidelines Task Force on medullary Thyroid Carcinoma. Revised american Thyroid association guidelines for the management of medullary thyroid carcinoma. Thyroid, 2015, 25(6):567-610.
4.	Brandi mL, Gagel RF, angeli a, et al. Guidelines for diagnosis and therapy of mEN type 1 and type 2. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2001, 86(12):5658-5671.
5.	Eng C, Clayton D, schuffenecker I, et al. The relationship between specific RET proto-oncogene mutations and disease phenotype in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2. International RET mutation consortium analysis. JAMA, 1996, 276(19):1575-1579.
6.	Zordan P, Tavella s, Brizzolara a, et al. The immediate upstream sequence of the mouse Ret gene controls tissue-specific expression in transgenic mice. Int J Mol Med, 2006, 18(4):601-608.
7.	hofstra Rm, Landsvater Rm, Ceccherini I, et al. a mutation in the RET proto-oncogene associated with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2B and sporadic medullary thyroid carcinoma. Nature, 1994, 367(6461):375-376.
8.	marsh DJ, Learoyd DL, andrew sD, et al. somatic mutations in the RET proto-oncogene in sporadic medullary thyroid carcinoma. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf), 1996, 44(3):249-257.
9.	moura mm, Cavaco Bm, Pinto aE, et al. high prevalence of Ras mutations in RET-negative sporadic medullary thyroid carcinomas. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2011, 96(5):E863-E868.
10.	Boichard a, Croux L, al Ghuzlan a, et al. somatic Ras mutations occur in a large proportion of sporadic RET-negative medullary thyroid carcinomas and extend to a previously unidentified exon. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2012, 97(10):E2031-E2035.
11.	Ciampi R, mian C, Fugazzola L, et al. Evidence of a low prevalence of Ras mutations in a large medullary thyroid cancer series. Thyroid, 2013, 23(1):50-57.
12.	agrawal N, Jiao Y, sausen m, et al. Exomic sequencing of medullary thyroid cancer reveals dominant and mutually exclusive oncogenic mutations in RET and Ras. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2013, 98(2):E364-E369.
13.	Leboulleux s, Baudin E, Travagli JP, et al. medullary thyroid carcinoma. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf), 2004, 61(3):299-310.
14.	moley JF. medullary thyroid carcinoma:management of lymph node metastases. J Natl Compr Canc Netw, 2010, 8(5):549-556.
15.	Kebebew E, Ituarte Ph, siperstein aE, et al. medullary thyroid carcinoma:clinical characteristics, treatment, prognostic factors, and a comparison of staging systems. Cancer, 2000, 88(5):1139-1148.
16.	modigliani E, Cohen R, Campos Jm, et al. Prognostic factors for survival and for biochemical cure in medullary thyroid carcinoma:results in 899 patients. The GETC study Group. Groupe d'étude des tumeurs à calcitonine. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf), 1998, 48(3):265-273.
17.	Kebebew E, Greenspan Fs, Clark Oh, et al. Extent of disease and practice patterns for medullary thyroid cancer. J Am Coll Surg, 2005, 200(6):890-896.
18.	Roman s, Lin R, sosa Ja. Prognosis of medullary thyroid carcinoma:demographic, clinical, and pathologic predictors of survival in 1252 cases. Cancer, 2006, 107(9):2134-2142.
19.	abe K, adachi I, miyakawa s, et al. Production of calcitonin, adrenocorticotropic hormone, and beta-melanocyte-stimulating hormone in tumors derived from amine precursor uptake and decarboxylation cells. Cancer Res, 1977, 37(11):4190-4194.
20.	Borchhardt Ka, horl Wh, sunder-Plassmann G. Reversibility of 'secondary hypercalcitoninemia' after kidney transplantation. Am J Transplant, 2005, 5(7):1757-1763.
21.	Bevilacqua m, Dominguez LJ, Righini V, et al. Dissimilar PTh, gastrin, and calcitonin responses to oral calcium and peptones in hypocalciuric hypercalcemia, primary hyperparathyroidism, and normal subjects:a useful tool for differential diagnosis. J Bone Miner Res, 2006, 21(3):406-412.
22.	Basuyau JP, mallet E, Leroy m, et al. Reference intervals for serum calcitonin in men, women, and children. Clin Chem, 2004, 50(10):1828-1830.
23.	algeciras-schimnich a, Preissner Cm, Theobald JP, et al. Procalcitonin:a marker for the diagnosis and follow-up of patients with medullary thyroid carcinoma. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2009, 94(3):861-868.
24.	Walter ma, meier C, Radimerski T, et al. Procalcitonin levels predict clinical course and progression-free survival in patients with medullary thyroid cancer. Cancer, 2010, 116(1):31-40.
25.	Lorenz K, Elwerr m, machens a, et al. hypercalcitoninemia in thyroid conditions other than medullary thyroid carcinoma:a comparative analysis of calcium and pentagastrin stimulation of serum calcitonin. Langenbecks Arch Surg, 2013, 398(3):403-409.
26.	Trimboli P, Giovanella L, Crescenzi a, et al. medullary thyroid cancer diagnosis:an appraisal. Head Neck, 2014, 36(8):1216-1233.
27.	Colombo C, Verga U, mian C, et al. Comparison of calcium and pentagastrin tests for the diagnosis and follow-up of medullary thyroid cancer. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2012, 97(3):905-913.
28.	main C, Perrino mN, Colombo C, et al. Refining calcium test for the diagnosis of medullary thyroid cancer:cutoffs, procedures, and safety. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2014, 99(5):1656-1664.
29.	ashG statement. Professional disclosure of familial genetic information. The american society of human Genetics social Issues subcommittee on Familial Disclosure. Am J Hum Genet, 1998, 62(2):474-483.
30.	machens a, Dralle h. Genotype-phenotype based surgical concept of hereditary medullary thyroid carcinoma. World J Surg, 2007, 31(5):957-968.
31.	刘溦薇, 邓先兆, 樊友本, 等.散发性甲状腺髓样癌规范与非规范手术的效果观察.中国普外基础与临床杂志, 2014, 21(11):1408-1412.
32.	miyauchi a, matsuzuka F, hirai K, et al. Prospective trial of unilateral surgery for nonhereditary medullary thyroid carcinoma in patients without germline RET mutations. World J Surg, 2002, 26(8):1023-1028.
33.	Franc s, Niccoli-sire P, Cohen R, et al. Complete surgical lymph node resection does not prevent authentic recurrences of medullary thyroid carcinoma. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf), 2001, 55(3):403-409.
34.	Pelizzo mR, Boschin Im, Bernante P, et al. Natural history, diagnosis, treatment and outcome of medullary thyroid cancer:37 years experience on 157 patients. Eur J Surg Oncol, 2007, 33(4):493-497.
35.	scollo C, Baudin E, Travagli JP, et al. Rationale for central and bilateral lymph node dissection in sporadic and hereditary medullary thyroid cancer. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2003, 88(5):2070-2075.
36.	Leggett mD, Chen sL, schneider PD, et al. Prognostic value of lymph node yield and metastatic lymph node ratio in medullary thyroid carcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol, 2008, 15(9):2493-2499.
37.	machens a, Dralle h. Prognostic impact of N staging in 715 medullary thyroid cancer patients:proposal for a revised staging system. Ann Surg, 2013, 257(2):323-329.

1. Cancer of the Thyroid Invasive:Trends in sEER Incidence and U.s. mortality Using the Joinpoint Regression Program, 1975-2011. (sEER) stat version 8.1.2 Rate session. access the sEER 18 database at www.seer.cancer.gov.
2. schlumberger m, Pacini F. Thyroid tumors. Paris:Edition Nucleon.2006:313-340.
3. Wells sa Jr, asa sL, Dralle h, et al. american Thyroid association Guidelines Task Force on medullary Thyroid Carcinoma. Revised american Thyroid association guidelines for the management of medullary thyroid carcinoma. Thyroid, 2015, 25(6):567-610.
4. Brandi mL, Gagel RF, angeli a, et al. Guidelines for diagnosis and therapy of mEN type 1 and type 2. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2001, 86(12):5658-5671.
5. Eng C, Clayton D, schuffenecker I, et al. The relationship between specific RET proto-oncogene mutations and disease phenotype in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2. International RET mutation consortium analysis. JAMA, 1996, 276(19):1575-1579.
6. Zordan P, Tavella s, Brizzolara a, et al. The immediate upstream sequence of the mouse Ret gene controls tissue-specific expression in transgenic mice. Int J Mol Med, 2006, 18(4):601-608.
7. hofstra Rm, Landsvater Rm, Ceccherini I, et al. a mutation in the RET proto-oncogene associated with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2B and sporadic medullary thyroid carcinoma. Nature, 1994, 367(6461):375-376.
8. marsh DJ, Learoyd DL, andrew sD, et al. somatic mutations in the RET proto-oncogene in sporadic medullary thyroid carcinoma. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf), 1996, 44(3):249-257.
9. moura mm, Cavaco Bm, Pinto aE, et al. high prevalence of Ras mutations in RET-negative sporadic medullary thyroid carcinomas. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2011, 96(5):E863-E868.
10. Boichard a, Croux L, al Ghuzlan a, et al. somatic Ras mutations occur in a large proportion of sporadic RET-negative medullary thyroid carcinomas and extend to a previously unidentified exon. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2012, 97(10):E2031-E2035.
11. Ciampi R, mian C, Fugazzola L, et al. Evidence of a low prevalence of Ras mutations in a large medullary thyroid cancer series. Thyroid, 2013, 23(1):50-57.
12. agrawal N, Jiao Y, sausen m, et al. Exomic sequencing of medullary thyroid cancer reveals dominant and mutually exclusive oncogenic mutations in RET and Ras. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2013, 98(2):E364-E369.
13. Leboulleux s, Baudin E, Travagli JP, et al. medullary thyroid carcinoma. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf), 2004, 61(3):299-310.
14. moley JF. medullary thyroid carcinoma:management of lymph node metastases. J Natl Compr Canc Netw, 2010, 8(5):549-556.
15. Kebebew E, Ituarte Ph, siperstein aE, et al. medullary thyroid carcinoma:clinical characteristics, treatment, prognostic factors, and a comparison of staging systems. Cancer, 2000, 88(5):1139-1148.
16. modigliani E, Cohen R, Campos Jm, et al. Prognostic factors for survival and for biochemical cure in medullary thyroid carcinoma:results in 899 patients. The GETC study Group. Groupe d'étude des tumeurs à calcitonine. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf), 1998, 48(3):265-273.
17. Kebebew E, Greenspan Fs, Clark Oh, et al. Extent of disease and practice patterns for medullary thyroid cancer. J Am Coll Surg, 2005, 200(6):890-896.
18. Roman s, Lin R, sosa Ja. Prognosis of medullary thyroid carcinoma:demographic, clinical, and pathologic predictors of survival in 1252 cases. Cancer, 2006, 107(9):2134-2142.
19. abe K, adachi I, miyakawa s, et al. Production of calcitonin, adrenocorticotropic hormone, and beta-melanocyte-stimulating hormone in tumors derived from amine precursor uptake and decarboxylation cells. Cancer Res, 1977, 37(11):4190-4194.
20. Borchhardt Ka, horl Wh, sunder-Plassmann G. Reversibility of 'secondary hypercalcitoninemia' after kidney transplantation. Am J Transplant, 2005, 5(7):1757-1763.
21. Bevilacqua m, Dominguez LJ, Righini V, et al. Dissimilar PTh, gastrin, and calcitonin responses to oral calcium and peptones in hypocalciuric hypercalcemia, primary hyperparathyroidism, and normal subjects:a useful tool for differential diagnosis. J Bone Miner Res, 2006, 21(3):406-412.
22. Basuyau JP, mallet E, Leroy m, et al. Reference intervals for serum calcitonin in men, women, and children. Clin Chem, 2004, 50(10):1828-1830.
23. algeciras-schimnich a, Preissner Cm, Theobald JP, et al. Procalcitonin:a marker for the diagnosis and follow-up of patients with medullary thyroid carcinoma. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2009, 94(3):861-868.
24. Walter ma, meier C, Radimerski T, et al. Procalcitonin levels predict clinical course and progression-free survival in patients with medullary thyroid cancer. Cancer, 2010, 116(1):31-40.
25. Lorenz K, Elwerr m, machens a, et al. hypercalcitoninemia in thyroid conditions other than medullary thyroid carcinoma:a comparative analysis of calcium and pentagastrin stimulation of serum calcitonin. Langenbecks Arch Surg, 2013, 398(3):403-409.
26. Trimboli P, Giovanella L, Crescenzi a, et al. medullary thyroid cancer diagnosis:an appraisal. Head Neck, 2014, 36(8):1216-1233.
27. Colombo C, Verga U, mian C, et al. Comparison of calcium and pentagastrin tests for the diagnosis and follow-up of medullary thyroid cancer. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2012, 97(3):905-913.
28. main C, Perrino mN, Colombo C, et al. Refining calcium test for the diagnosis of medullary thyroid cancer:cutoffs, procedures, and safety. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2014, 99(5):1656-1664.
29. ashG statement. Professional disclosure of familial genetic information. The american society of human Genetics social Issues subcommittee on Familial Disclosure. Am J Hum Genet, 1998, 62(2):474-483.
30. machens a, Dralle h. Genotype-phenotype based surgical concept of hereditary medullary thyroid carcinoma. World J Surg, 2007, 31(5):957-968.
31. 刘溦薇, 邓先兆, 樊友本, 等.散发性甲状腺髓样癌规范与非规范手术的效果观察.中国普外基础与临床杂志, 2014, 21(11):1408-1412.
32. miyauchi a, matsuzuka F, hirai K, et al. Prospective trial of unilateral surgery for nonhereditary medullary thyroid carcinoma in patients without germline RET mutations. World J Surg, 2002, 26(8):1023-1028.
33. Franc s, Niccoli-sire P, Cohen R, et al. Complete surgical lymph node resection does not prevent authentic recurrences of medullary thyroid carcinoma. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf), 2001, 55(3):403-409.
34. Pelizzo mR, Boschin Im, Bernante P, et al. Natural history, diagnosis, treatment and outcome of medullary thyroid cancer:37 years experience on 157 patients. Eur J Surg Oncol, 2007, 33(4):493-497.
35. scollo C, Baudin E, Travagli JP, et al. Rationale for central and bilateral lymph node dissection in sporadic and hereditary medullary thyroid cancer. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2003, 88(5):2070-2075.
36. Leggett mD, Chen sL, schneider PD, et al. Prognostic value of lymph node yield and metastatic lymph node ratio in medullary thyroid carcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol, 2008, 15(9):2493-2499.
37. machens a, Dralle h. Prognostic impact of N staging in 715 medullary thyroid cancer patients:proposal for a revised staging system. Ann Surg, 2013, 257(2):323-329.

CHINESE JOURNAL OF BASES AND CLINICS IN GENERAL SURGERY

Progression of Diagnosis and Treatment of Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma

Abstract Full text Figures/Tables Video References Cited by

Previous Article

Next Article

Format

Content