Recent advances of long non-coding RNA in tumor resistance by regulating autophagy_CHINESE JOURNAL OF BASES AND CLINICS IN GENERAL SURGERY

Authors：

FENG Jing , LI Weidong ,  TAN Gang

Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, P. R. China;

Corresponding author：

TAN Gang, Email: ttgg4698@sina.com

Keywords：

long non-coding RNA; autophagy; drug resistance; review

DOI：

10.7507/1007-9424.201901005

Video：

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Abstract Full text Figures/Tables Video References Cited by

Objective To summarize the recent advances in the relationship between long non-coding RNA (LncRNA) and tumor autophagy, autophagy and drug resistance regulation.Methods Reviewed the relevant literatures at home and abroad, and reviewed the recent research progress of LncRNA regulation of autophagy to affect tumor resistance.Results Drug resistance was a common problem in the process of anti-tumor therapy. Autophagy played an important role in the process of tumor resistance as an important mechanism to maintain cell homeostasis. Abnormal regulation of LncRNA could contribute to the occurrence and development of tumors, and could also mediate the resistance of tumor cells to anti-tumor drugs by promoting or inhibiting autophagy.Conclusions LncRNA can mediate tumor autophagy in a positive or negative direction, and autophagy is a " double-edged sword” for tumor resistance. LncRNA may improve tumor resistance to drugs by regulating autophagy.

Citation： FENG Jing, LI Weidong, TAN Gang. Recent advances of long non-coding RNA in tumor resistance by regulating autophagy. CHINESE JOURNAL OF BASES AND CLINICS IN GENERAL SURGERY, 2019, 26(7): 882-886. doi: 10.7507/1007-9424.201901005 Copy

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2.	Zhitomirsky B, Assaraf YG. Lysosomes as mediators of drug resistance in cancer. Drug Resist Updat, 2016, 24: 23-33.
3.	Yeo SK, Guan JL. Hierarchical heterogeneity in mammary tumors and its regulation by autophagy. Autophagy, 2016, 12(10): 1960-1961.
4.	Eapen VV, Waterman DP, Bernard A, et al. A pathway of targeted autophagy is induced by DNA damage in budding yeast. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2017, 114(7): E1158-E1167.
5.	Weisberg E, Nonami A, Griffin JD. Combination therapy with nilotinib for drug-sensitive and drug-resistant BCR-ABL-positive leukemia and other malignancies. Arch Toxicol, 2014, 88(12): 2233-2242.
6.	Kenific CM, Debnath J. Cellular and metabolic functions for autophagy in cancer cells. Trends Cell Biol, 2015, 25(1): 37-45.
7.	Jarroux J, Morillon A, Pinskaya M. History, discovery, and classification of lncRNAs. Adv Exp Med Biol, 2017, 1008: 1-46.
8.	Li J, Li Z, Zheng W, et al. LncRNA-ATB: an indispensable cancer-related long noncoding RNA. Cell Prolif, 2017, 50(6): 10.
9.	Wilusz JE. Long noncoding RNAs: re-writing dogmas of RNA processing and stability. Biochim Biophys Acta, 2016, 1859(1): 128-138.
10.	马英博, 张小东, 杨照国, 等. lncRNA 调控肿瘤能量代谢机制的研究进展. 中国普外基础与临床杂志, 2017, 24(3): 381-385.
11.	Li LJ, Chai Y, Guo XJ, et al. The effects of the long non-coding RNA MALAT-1 regulated autophagy-related signaling pathway on chemotherapy resistance in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Biomed Pharmacother, 2017, 89: 939-948.
12.	Zhang Y, Zhou Y, Xu T, et al. Clinical value of long noncoding RNA HOTAIR as a novel biomarker in digestive cancers: a meta-analysis. Technol Cancer Res Treat, 2018, 17: 1533034618756783.
13.	Yu X, Zheng H, Chan MT, et al. HULC: an oncogenic long non-coding RNA in human cancer. J Cell Mol Med, 2017, 21(2): 410-417.
14.	Wang H, Wang L, Zhang G, et al. MALAT1/miR-101-3p/MCL1 axis mediates cisplatin resistance in lung cancer. Oncotarget, 2017, 9(7): 7501-7512.
15.	Zheng H, Xu J, Hao S, et al. Expression of BANCR promotes papillary thyroid cancer by targeting thyroid stimulating hormone receptor. Oncol Lett, 2018, 16(2): 2009-2015.
16.	Ding CH, Yin C, Chen SJ, et al. The HNF1α-regulated lncRNA HNF1A-AS1 reverses the malignancy of hepatocellular carcinoma by enhancing the phosphatase activity of SHP-1. Mol Cancer, 2018, 17(1): 63.
17.	Ma Y, Xue Y, Liu X, et al. SNHG15 affects the growth of glioma microvascular endothelial cells by negatively regulating miR-153. Oncol Rep, 2017, 38(5): 3265-3277.
18.	He JH, Han ZP, Liu JM, et al. Overexpression of long non-coding RNA MEG3 inhibits proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma Huh7 cells via negative modulation of miRNA-664. J Cell Biochem, 2017, 118(11): 3713-3721.
19.	Huo JF, Chen XB. Long noncoding RNA growth arrest-specific 5 facilitates glioma cell sensitivity to cisplatin by suppressing excessive autophagy in an mTOR-dependent manner. J Cell Biochem, 2019, 120(4): 6127-6136.
20.	Frankel LB, Lubas M, Lund AH. Emerging connections between RNA and autophagy. Autophagy, 2017, 13(1): 3-23.
21.	Yang L, Wang H, Shen Q, et al. Long non-coding RNAs involved in autophagy regulation. Cell Death Dis, 2017, 8(10): e3073.
22.	Fu X, Wen H, Jing L, et al. MicroRNA-155-5p promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression by suppressing PTEN through the PI3K/Akt pathway. Cancer Sci, 2017, 108(4): 620-631.
23.	Xu CZ, Jiang C, Wu Q, et al. A feed-forward regulatory loop between HuR and the long noncoding RNA HOTAIR promotes head and neck squamous cell carcinoma progression and metastasis. Cell Physiol Biochem, 2016, 40(5): 1039-1051.
24.	Shi J, Dong B, Cao J, et al. Long non-coding RNA in glioma: signaling pathways. Oncotarget, 2017, 8(16): 27582-27592.
25.	Chen S, Wu DD, Sang XB, et al. The lncRNA HULC functions as an oncogene by targeting ATG7 and ITGB1 in epithelial ovarian carcinoma. Cell Death Dis, 2017, 8(10): e3118.
26.	Xiong H, Ni Z, He J, et al. LncRNA HULC triggers autophagy via stabilizing Sirt1 and attenuates the chemosensitivity of HCC cells. Oncogene, 2017, 36(25): 3528-3540.
27.	Zhou F, Li YH, Wang JJ, et al. Endoplasmic reticulum stress could induce autophagy and apoptosis and enhance chemotherapy sensitivity in human esophageal cancer EC9706 cells by mediating PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Tumour Biol, 2017, 39(6): 1010428317705748.
28.	Fu Z, Luo W, Wang J, et al. Malat1 activates autophagy and promotes cell proliferation by sponging miR-101 and upregulating STMN1, RAB5A and ATG4D expression in glioma. Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 2017, 492(3): 480-486.
29.	Li H, Liu X, Zhang L, et al. LncRNA BANCR facilitates vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration through JNK pathway. Oncotarget, 2017, 8(70): 114568-114575.
30.	Chunhua L, Zhao H, Zhao H, et al. Clinical significance of peripheral blood PCA3 gene expression in early diagnosis of prostate cancer. Transl Oncol, 2018, 11(3): 628-632.
31.	Cook KL, Clarke R. Overcoming cancer resistance. Future Med Chem, 2015, 7(12): 1471.
32.	Ayadi M, Bouygues A, Ouaret D, et al. Chronic chemotherapeutic stress promotes evolution of stemness and WNT/beta-catenin signaling in colorectal cancer cells: implications for clinical use of WNT-signaling inhibitors. Oncotarget, 2015, 6(21): 18518-18533.
33.	Armstrong JL, Hill DS, McKee CS, et al. Exploiting cannabinoid-induced cytotoxic autophagy to drive melanoma cell death. J Invest Dermatol, 2015, 135(6): 1629-1637.
34.	Ding X, Chaiteerakij R, Moser CD, et al. Antitumor effect of the novel sphingosine kinase 2 inhibitor ABC294640 is enhanced by inhibition of autophagy and by sorafenib in human cholangio- carcinoma cells. Oncotarget, 2016, 7(15): 20080-20092.
35.	Zhou J, Li G, Zheng Y, et al. A novel autophagy/mitophagy inhibitor liensinine sensitizes breast cancer cells to chemotherapy through DNM1L-mediated mitochondrial fission. Autophagy, 2015, 11(8): 1259-1279.
36.	Kimura T, Takabatake Y, Takahashi A, et al. Chloroquine in cancer therapy: a double-edged sword of autophagy. Cancer Res, 2013, 73(1): 3-7.
37.	Ma K, Zhang C, Huang MY, et al. Cinobufagin induces autophagy-mediated cell death in human osteosarcoma U2OS cells through the ROS/JNK/p38 signaling pathway. Oncol Rep, 2016, 36(1): 90-98.
38.	Barrows NJ, Campos RK, Powell ST, et al. A screen of FDA-approved drugs for inhibitors of zika virus infection. Cell Host Microbe, 2016, 20(2): 259-270.
39.	Han J, Li J, Tang K, et al. miR-338-3p confers 5-fluorouracil resistance in p53 mutant colon cancer cells by targeting the mammalian target of rapamycin. Exp Cell Res, 2017, 360(2): 328-336.
40.	Wang H, Li W, Xu J, et al. NDRG1 inhibition sensitizes osteosarcoma cells to combretastatin A-4 through targeting autophagy. Cell Death Dis, 2017, 8(9): e3048.
41.	Fu Z, Cheng X, Kuang J, et al. CQ sensitizes human pancreatic cancer cells to gemcitabine through the lysosomal apoptotic pathway via reactive oxygen species. Mol Oncol, 2018, 12(4): 529-544.
42.	Falvey CM, O’Donovan TR, El-Mashed S, et al. UBE2L6/UBCH8 and ISG15 attenuate autophagy in esophageal cancer cells. Oncotarget, 2017, 8(14): 23479-23491.
43.	Mao XG, Wang C, Liu DY, et al. Hypoxia upregulates HIG2 expression and contributes to bevacizumab resistance in glioblastoma. Oncotarget, 2016, 7(30): 47808-47820.
44.	Chen C, Lu L, Yan S, et al. Autophagy and doxorubicin resistance in cancer. Anticancer Drugs, 2018, 29(1): 1-9.
45.	Xiong HY, Guo XL, Bu XX, et al. Autophagic cell death induced by 5-FU in Bax or PUMA deficient human colon cancer cell. Cancer Lett, 2010, 288(1): 68-74.
46.	Carlisi D, Lauricella M, D’Anneo A, et al. The synergistic effect of SAHA and parthenolide in MDA-MB231 breast cancer cells. J Cell Physiol, 2015, 230(6): 1276-1289.
47.	D’Arcy M, Stürmer T, Lund JL. The importance and implications of comparator selection in pharmacoepidemiologic research. Curr Epidemiol Rep, 2018, 5(3): 272-283.
48.	Hashimoto D, Bläuer M, Hirota M, et al. Autophagy is needed for the growth of pancreatic adenocarcinoma and has a cytoprotective effect against anticancer drugs. Eur J Cancer, 2014, 50(7): 1382-1390.
49.	张麒, 艾良, 代佑果. 长链非编码 RNA 母系表达基因 3 多态性与胃癌关系的研究. 中国普外基础与临床杂志, 2018, 25(11): 1323-1326.
50.	Wang J, Zhou JY, Kho D, et al. Role for DUSP1 (dual-specificity protein phosphatase 1) in the regulation of autophagy. Autophagy, 2016, 12(10): 1791-1803.

1. Hards K, Cook GM. Targeting bacterial energetics to produce new antimicrobials. Drug Resist Updat, 2018, 36: 1-12.
2. Zhitomirsky B, Assaraf YG. Lysosomes as mediators of drug resistance in cancer. Drug Resist Updat, 2016, 24: 23-33.
3. Yeo SK, Guan JL. Hierarchical heterogeneity in mammary tumors and its regulation by autophagy. Autophagy, 2016, 12(10): 1960-1961.
4. Eapen VV, Waterman DP, Bernard A, et al. A pathway of targeted autophagy is induced by DNA damage in budding yeast. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2017, 114(7): E1158-E1167.
5. Weisberg E, Nonami A, Griffin JD. Combination therapy with nilotinib for drug-sensitive and drug-resistant BCR-ABL-positive leukemia and other malignancies. Arch Toxicol, 2014, 88(12): 2233-2242.
6. Kenific CM, Debnath J. Cellular and metabolic functions for autophagy in cancer cells. Trends Cell Biol, 2015, 25(1): 37-45.
7. Jarroux J, Morillon A, Pinskaya M. History, discovery, and classification of lncRNAs. Adv Exp Med Biol, 2017, 1008: 1-46.
8. Li J, Li Z, Zheng W, et al. LncRNA-ATB: an indispensable cancer-related long noncoding RNA. Cell Prolif, 2017, 50(6): 10.
9. Wilusz JE. Long noncoding RNAs: re-writing dogmas of RNA processing and stability. Biochim Biophys Acta, 2016, 1859(1): 128-138.
10. 马英博, 张小东, 杨照国, 等. lncRNA 调控肿瘤能量代谢机制的研究进展. 中国普外基础与临床杂志, 2017, 24(3): 381-385.
11. Li LJ, Chai Y, Guo XJ, et al. The effects of the long non-coding RNA MALAT-1 regulated autophagy-related signaling pathway on chemotherapy resistance in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Biomed Pharmacother, 2017, 89: 939-948.
12. Zhang Y, Zhou Y, Xu T, et al. Clinical value of long noncoding RNA HOTAIR as a novel biomarker in digestive cancers: a meta-analysis. Technol Cancer Res Treat, 2018, 17: 1533034618756783.
13. Yu X, Zheng H, Chan MT, et al. HULC: an oncogenic long non-coding RNA in human cancer. J Cell Mol Med, 2017, 21(2): 410-417.
14. Wang H, Wang L, Zhang G, et al. MALAT1/miR-101-3p/MCL1 axis mediates cisplatin resistance in lung cancer. Oncotarget, 2017, 9(7): 7501-7512.
15. Zheng H, Xu J, Hao S, et al. Expression of BANCR promotes papillary thyroid cancer by targeting thyroid stimulating hormone receptor. Oncol Lett, 2018, 16(2): 2009-2015.
16. Ding CH, Yin C, Chen SJ, et al. The HNF1α-regulated lncRNA HNF1A-AS1 reverses the malignancy of hepatocellular carcinoma by enhancing the phosphatase activity of SHP-1. Mol Cancer, 2018, 17(1): 63.
17. Ma Y, Xue Y, Liu X, et al. SNHG15 affects the growth of glioma microvascular endothelial cells by negatively regulating miR-153. Oncol Rep, 2017, 38(5): 3265-3277.
18. He JH, Han ZP, Liu JM, et al. Overexpression of long non-coding RNA MEG3 inhibits proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma Huh7 cells via negative modulation of miRNA-664. J Cell Biochem, 2017, 118(11): 3713-3721.
19. Huo JF, Chen XB. Long noncoding RNA growth arrest-specific 5 facilitates glioma cell sensitivity to cisplatin by suppressing excessive autophagy in an mTOR-dependent manner. J Cell Biochem, 2019, 120(4): 6127-6136.
20. Frankel LB, Lubas M, Lund AH. Emerging connections between RNA and autophagy. Autophagy, 2017, 13(1): 3-23.
21. Yang L, Wang H, Shen Q, et al. Long non-coding RNAs involved in autophagy regulation. Cell Death Dis, 2017, 8(10): e3073.
22. Fu X, Wen H, Jing L, et al. MicroRNA-155-5p promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression by suppressing PTEN through the PI3K/Akt pathway. Cancer Sci, 2017, 108(4): 620-631.
23. Xu CZ, Jiang C, Wu Q, et al. A feed-forward regulatory loop between HuR and the long noncoding RNA HOTAIR promotes head and neck squamous cell carcinoma progression and metastasis. Cell Physiol Biochem, 2016, 40(5): 1039-1051.
24. Shi J, Dong B, Cao J, et al. Long non-coding RNA in glioma: signaling pathways. Oncotarget, 2017, 8(16): 27582-27592.
25. Chen S, Wu DD, Sang XB, et al. The lncRNA HULC functions as an oncogene by targeting ATG7 and ITGB1 in epithelial ovarian carcinoma. Cell Death Dis, 2017, 8(10): e3118.
26. Xiong H, Ni Z, He J, et al. LncRNA HULC triggers autophagy via stabilizing Sirt1 and attenuates the chemosensitivity of HCC cells. Oncogene, 2017, 36(25): 3528-3540.
27. Zhou F, Li YH, Wang JJ, et al. Endoplasmic reticulum stress could induce autophagy and apoptosis and enhance chemotherapy sensitivity in human esophageal cancer EC9706 cells by mediating PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Tumour Biol, 2017, 39(6): 1010428317705748.
28. Fu Z, Luo W, Wang J, et al. Malat1 activates autophagy and promotes cell proliferation by sponging miR-101 and upregulating STMN1, RAB5A and ATG4D expression in glioma. Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 2017, 492(3): 480-486.
29. Li H, Liu X, Zhang L, et al. LncRNA BANCR facilitates vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration through JNK pathway. Oncotarget, 2017, 8(70): 114568-114575.
30. Chunhua L, Zhao H, Zhao H, et al. Clinical significance of peripheral blood PCA3 gene expression in early diagnosis of prostate cancer. Transl Oncol, 2018, 11(3): 628-632.
31. Cook KL, Clarke R. Overcoming cancer resistance. Future Med Chem, 2015, 7(12): 1471.
32. Ayadi M, Bouygues A, Ouaret D, et al. Chronic chemotherapeutic stress promotes evolution of stemness and WNT/beta-catenin signaling in colorectal cancer cells: implications for clinical use of WNT-signaling inhibitors. Oncotarget, 2015, 6(21): 18518-18533.
33. Armstrong JL, Hill DS, McKee CS, et al. Exploiting cannabinoid-induced cytotoxic autophagy to drive melanoma cell death. J Invest Dermatol, 2015, 135(6): 1629-1637.
34. Ding X, Chaiteerakij R, Moser CD, et al. Antitumor effect of the novel sphingosine kinase 2 inhibitor ABC294640 is enhanced by inhibition of autophagy and by sorafenib in human cholangio- carcinoma cells. Oncotarget, 2016, 7(15): 20080-20092.
35. Zhou J, Li G, Zheng Y, et al. A novel autophagy/mitophagy inhibitor liensinine sensitizes breast cancer cells to chemotherapy through DNM1L-mediated mitochondrial fission. Autophagy, 2015, 11(8): 1259-1279.
36. Kimura T, Takabatake Y, Takahashi A, et al. Chloroquine in cancer therapy: a double-edged sword of autophagy. Cancer Res, 2013, 73(1): 3-7.
37. Ma K, Zhang C, Huang MY, et al. Cinobufagin induces autophagy-mediated cell death in human osteosarcoma U2OS cells through the ROS/JNK/p38 signaling pathway. Oncol Rep, 2016, 36(1): 90-98.
38. Barrows NJ, Campos RK, Powell ST, et al. A screen of FDA-approved drugs for inhibitors of zika virus infection. Cell Host Microbe, 2016, 20(2): 259-270.
39. Han J, Li J, Tang K, et al. miR-338-3p confers 5-fluorouracil resistance in p53 mutant colon cancer cells by targeting the mammalian target of rapamycin. Exp Cell Res, 2017, 360(2): 328-336.
40. Wang H, Li W, Xu J, et al. NDRG1 inhibition sensitizes osteosarcoma cells to combretastatin A-4 through targeting autophagy. Cell Death Dis, 2017, 8(9): e3048.
41. Fu Z, Cheng X, Kuang J, et al. CQ sensitizes human pancreatic cancer cells to gemcitabine through the lysosomal apoptotic pathway via reactive oxygen species. Mol Oncol, 2018, 12(4): 529-544.
42. Falvey CM, O’Donovan TR, El-Mashed S, et al. UBE2L6/UBCH8 and ISG15 attenuate autophagy in esophageal cancer cells. Oncotarget, 2017, 8(14): 23479-23491.
43. Mao XG, Wang C, Liu DY, et al. Hypoxia upregulates HIG2 expression and contributes to bevacizumab resistance in glioblastoma. Oncotarget, 2016, 7(30): 47808-47820.
44. Chen C, Lu L, Yan S, et al. Autophagy and doxorubicin resistance in cancer. Anticancer Drugs, 2018, 29(1): 1-9.
45. Xiong HY, Guo XL, Bu XX, et al. Autophagic cell death induced by 5-FU in Bax or PUMA deficient human colon cancer cell. Cancer Lett, 2010, 288(1): 68-74.
46. Carlisi D, Lauricella M, D’Anneo A, et al. The synergistic effect of SAHA and parthenolide in MDA-MB231 breast cancer cells. J Cell Physiol, 2015, 230(6): 1276-1289.
47. D’Arcy M, Stürmer T, Lund JL. The importance and implications of comparator selection in pharmacoepidemiologic research. Curr Epidemiol Rep, 2018, 5(3): 272-283.
48. Hashimoto D, Bläuer M, Hirota M, et al. Autophagy is needed for the growth of pancreatic adenocarcinoma and has a cytoprotective effect against anticancer drugs. Eur J Cancer, 2014, 50(7): 1382-1390.
49. 张麒, 艾良, 代佑果. 长链非编码 RNA 母系表达基因 3 多态性与胃癌关系的研究. 中国普外基础与临床杂志, 2018, 25(11): 1323-1326.
50. Wang J, Zhou JY, Kho D, et al. Role for DUSP1 (dual-specificity protein phosphatase 1) in the regulation of autophagy. Autophagy, 2016, 12(10): 1791-1803.

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Recent advances of long non-coding RNA in tumor resistance by regulating autophagy

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