Radioactive <sup>125</sup>I seed implantation in the treatment of unresectable pancreatic cancer_CHINESE JOURNAL OF BASES AND CLINICS IN GENERAL SURGERY

Authors：

YE Jun , YANG Dujiang , LI Zhenlu , LU Huimin ,  HU Weiming

Department of Pancreatic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China;

Corresponding author：

HU Weiming, Email: huweiming@scu.edu.cn

Keywords：

pancreatic cancer; radioactive ¹²⁵I seed; implantation therapy; complication; review

DOI：

10.7507/1007-9424.201904013

Video：

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Objective To investigate the current status and research progress of radioactive ¹²⁵I seed implantation in the treatment of unresectable pancreatic cancer.Methods Reviewed the relevant literatures to summarize and analyze the mechanism of action, indications and contraindications, implantation methods, clinical efficacy, complications, and treatment measures of radioactive ¹²⁵I seed implantation in the treatment of pancreatic cancer.Results The mechanism of radioactive ¹²⁵I seed implantation in the treatment of pancreatic cancer had been deeply studied in terms of gene expression and molecular signal level. The procedure was applicable to a wide range of patients; the implantation methods were abundant, CT and ultrasound guidance had their advantages; it could effectively inhibit tumor growth and improve overall survival rate. It was dramatically for pain relief, as well as low overall complication rate, and the complications could be alleviated by symptomatic treatment.Conclusion Radioactive ¹²⁵I seed implantation in the treatment of unresectable pancreatic cancer has been widely promoted due to its simple operation and small trauma, and it is effective in controlling tumor growth, prolonging survival, and relieving pain.

Citation： YE Jun, YANG Dujiang, LI Zhenlu, LU Huimin, HU Weiming. Radioactive ¹²⁵I seed implantation in the treatment of unresectable pancreatic cancer. CHINESE JOURNAL OF BASES AND CLINICS IN GENERAL SURGERY, 2019, 26(11): 1378-1384. doi: 10.7507/1007-9424.201904013 Copy

1.	Zheng J, Guinter MA, Merchant AT, et al. Dietary patterns and risk of pancreatic cancer: a systematic review. Nutr Rev, 2017, 75(11): 883-908.
2.	Bray F, Ferlay J, Soerjomataram I, et al. Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin, 2018, 68(6): 394-424.
3.	Balaban EP, Mangu PB, Khorana AA, et al. Locally advanced, unresectable pancreatic cancer: American Society of Clinical Oncology Clinical Practice Guideline. J Clin Oncol, 2016, 34(22): 2654-2668.
4.	Cameron JL, He J. Two thousand consecutive pancreatico- duodenectomies. J Am Coll Surg, 2015, 220(4): 530-536.
5.	D’Angio G, Hilaris BS, Arthur K, et al. Iodine 125 implantation for unresectable cancer of the pancreas. Postgrad Med, 1970, 47(3): 226-230.
6.	苑陆杰, 于华. (125) I 粒子持续低剂量率照射杀伤恶性肿瘤作用机制研究进展. 齐鲁医学杂志, 2016, 31(2): 242-245.
7.	Du YQ, Li ZS, Jin ZD. Endoscope-assisted brachytherapy for pancreatic cancer: from tumor killing to pain relief and drainage. J Interv Gastroenterol, 2011, 1(1): 23-27.
8.	Hu Y, Qi E, Liu F, et al. The application of a three-dimensional visualized seed planning and navigation system in ¹²⁵I seed implantation for pancreatic cancer. Onco Targets Ther, 2018, 11: 619-627.
9.	Kim SY, Yang ES, Lee YS, et al. Sensitive to apoptosis gene protein regulates ionizing radiation-induced apoptosis. Biochimie, 2011, 93(2): 269-276.
10.	Colmenares R, Krupa K, Muñoz A, et al. A process to describe radiation damage at the molecular level. Application to the ¹²⁵I seeds in water. Appl Radiat Isot, 2018, 140: 163-170.
11.	Yang Y, Xie Q, Zhao Z, et al. Functionalized selenium nanosystem as radiation sensitizer of ¹²⁵I seeds for precise cancer therapy. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces, 2017, 9(31): 25857-25869.
12.	Wang J, Wang J, Liao A, et al. The direct biologic effects of radioactive ¹²⁵I seeds on pancreatic cancer cells PANC-1, at continuous low-dose rates. Cancer Biother Radiopharm, 2009, 24(4): 409-416.
13.	Li D, Jia YM, Cao PK, et al. Combined effect of (125)I and gemcitabine on PANC-1 cells: cellular apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. J Cancer Res Ther, 2018, 14(7): 1476-1481.
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17.	Ma JX, Jin ZD, Si PR, et al. Continuous and low-energy ¹²⁵I seed irradiation changes DNA methyltransferases expression patterns and inhibits pancreatic cancer tumor growth. J Exp Clin Cancer Res, 2011, 30: 35.
18.	Bapat AA, Hostetter G, Von Hoff DD, et al. Perineural invasion and associated pain in pancreatic cancer. Nat Rev Cancer, 2011, 11(10): 695-707.
19.	Xu Q, Wang Z, Chen X, et al. Stromal-derived factor-1α/CXCL12-CXCR4 chemotactic pathway promotes perineural invasion in pancreatic cancer. Oncotarget, 2015, 6(7): 4717-4732.
20.	Alrawashdeh W, Jones R, Dumartin L, et al. Perineural invasion in pancreatic cancer: proteomic analysis and in vitro modelling. Mol Oncol, 2019, 13(5): 1075-1091.
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25.	Nagasawa H, Little JB. Induction of sister chromatid exchanges by extremely low doses of alpha-particles. Cancer Res, 1992, 52(22): 6394-6396.
26.	Widel M. Radionuclides in radiation-induced bystander effect; may it share in radionuclide therapy? Neoplasma, 2017, 64(4): 641-654.
27.	Turchan WT, Shapiro RH, Sevigny GV, et al. Irradiated human endothelial progenitor cells induce bystander killing in human non-small cell lung and pancreatic cancer cells. Int J Radiat Biol, 2016, 92(8): 427-433.
28.	盖保东, 肖中迪, 刘晶, 等. ¹²⁵Ⅰ放射性粒子治疗不同分期胰腺癌. 内分泌外科杂志, 2008, 2(4): 246-248.
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38.	Xu K, Niu L, Mu F, et al. Cryosurgery in combination with brachytherapy of iodine-125 seeds for pancreatic cancer. Gland Surg, 2013, 2(2): 91-99.
39.	Zhongmin W, Yu L, Fenju L, et al. Clinical efficacy of CT-guided iodine-125 seed implantation therapy in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer. Eur Radiol, 2010, 20(7): 1786-1791.
40.	俞炎平, 江海涛, 姚征, 等. CT 引导下经皮胰腺穿刺活检和组织间植入治疗的径路及安全性. 中华肿瘤杂志, 2013, 35(8): 608-612.
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1. Zheng J, Guinter MA, Merchant AT, et al. Dietary patterns and risk of pancreatic cancer: a systematic review. Nutr Rev, 2017, 75(11): 883-908.
2. Bray F, Ferlay J, Soerjomataram I, et al. Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin, 2018, 68(6): 394-424.
3. Balaban EP, Mangu PB, Khorana AA, et al. Locally advanced, unresectable pancreatic cancer: American Society of Clinical Oncology Clinical Practice Guideline. J Clin Oncol, 2016, 34(22): 2654-2668.
4. Cameron JL, He J. Two thousand consecutive pancreatico- duodenectomies. J Am Coll Surg, 2015, 220(4): 530-536.
5. D’Angio G, Hilaris BS, Arthur K, et al. Iodine 125 implantation for unresectable cancer of the pancreas. Postgrad Med, 1970, 47(3): 226-230.
6. 苑陆杰, 于华. (125) I 粒子持续低剂量率照射杀伤恶性肿瘤作用机制研究进展. 齐鲁医学杂志, 2016, 31(2): 242-245.
7. Du YQ, Li ZS, Jin ZD. Endoscope-assisted brachytherapy for pancreatic cancer: from tumor killing to pain relief and drainage. J Interv Gastroenterol, 2011, 1(1): 23-27.
8. Hu Y, Qi E, Liu F, et al. The application of a three-dimensional visualized seed planning and navigation system in ¹²⁵I seed implantation for pancreatic cancer. Onco Targets Ther, 2018, 11: 619-627.
9. Kim SY, Yang ES, Lee YS, et al. Sensitive to apoptosis gene protein regulates ionizing radiation-induced apoptosis. Biochimie, 2011, 93(2): 269-276.
10. Colmenares R, Krupa K, Muñoz A, et al. A process to describe radiation damage at the molecular level. Application to the ¹²⁵I seeds in water. Appl Radiat Isot, 2018, 140: 163-170.
11. Yang Y, Xie Q, Zhao Z, et al. Functionalized selenium nanosystem as radiation sensitizer of ¹²⁵I seeds for precise cancer therapy. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces, 2017, 9(31): 25857-25869.
12. Wang J, Wang J, Liao A, et al. The direct biologic effects of radioactive ¹²⁵I seeds on pancreatic cancer cells PANC-1, at continuous low-dose rates. Cancer Biother Radiopharm, 2009, 24(4): 409-416.
13. Li D, Jia YM, Cao PK, et al. Combined effect of (125)I and gemcitabine on PANC-1 cells: cellular apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. J Cancer Res Ther, 2018, 14(7): 1476-1481.
14. Wang ZM, Lu J, Zhang LY, et al. Biological effects of low-dose-rate irradiation of pancreatic carcinoma cells in vitro using ¹²⁵I seeds. World J Gastroenterol, 2015, 21(8): 2336-2342.
15. Liu C, Wang L, Qiu H, et al. Combined strategy of radioactive ¹²⁵I seeds and salinomycin for enhanced glioma chemo-radiotherapy: evidences for ROS-mediated apoptosis and signaling crosstalk. Neurochem Res, 2018, 43(7): 1317-1327.
16. Gao J, Wang L, Xu J, et al. Aberrant DNA methyltransferase expression in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma development and progression. J Exp Clin Cancer Res, 2013, 32: 86.
17. Ma JX, Jin ZD, Si PR, et al. Continuous and low-energy ¹²⁵I seed irradiation changes DNA methyltransferases expression patterns and inhibits pancreatic cancer tumor growth. J Exp Clin Cancer Res, 2011, 30: 35.
18. Bapat AA, Hostetter G, Von Hoff DD, et al. Perineural invasion and associated pain in pancreatic cancer. Nat Rev Cancer, 2011, 11(10): 695-707.
19. Xu Q, Wang Z, Chen X, et al. Stromal-derived factor-1α/CXCL12-CXCR4 chemotactic pathway promotes perineural invasion in pancreatic cancer. Oncotarget, 2015, 6(7): 4717-4732.
20. Alrawashdeh W, Jones R, Dumartin L, et al. Perineural invasion in pancreatic cancer: proteomic analysis and in vitro modelling. Mol Oncol, 2019, 13(5): 1075-1091.
21. Lu Z, Dong TH, Si PR, et al. Continuous low-dose-rate irradiation of Iodine-125 seeds inhibiting perineural invasion in pancreatic cancer. Chin Med J (Engl), 2016, 129(20): 2460-2468.
22. Morganti AG, Trodella L, Valentini V, et al. Pain relief with short-term irradiation in locally advanced carcinoma of the pancreas. J Palliat Care, 2003, 19(4): 258-262.
23. Yang Y, Ma ZH, Li XG, et al. Iodine-125 irradiation inhibits invasion of gastric cancer cells by reactivating microRNA-181c expression. Oncol Lett, 2016, 12(4): 2789-2795.
24. Bapat AA, Munoz RM, Von Hoff DD, et al. Blocking nerve growth factor signaling reduces the neural invasion potential of pancreatic cancer cells. PLoS One, 2016, 11(10): e0165586.
25. Nagasawa H, Little JB. Induction of sister chromatid exchanges by extremely low doses of alpha-particles. Cancer Res, 1992, 52(22): 6394-6396.
26. Widel M. Radionuclides in radiation-induced bystander effect; may it share in radionuclide therapy? Neoplasma, 2017, 64(4): 641-654.
27. Turchan WT, Shapiro RH, Sevigny GV, et al. Irradiated human endothelial progenitor cells induce bystander killing in human non-small cell lung and pancreatic cancer cells. Int J Radiat Biol, 2016, 92(8): 427-433.
28. 盖保东, 肖中迪, 刘晶, 等. ¹²⁵Ⅰ放射性粒子治疗不同分期胰腺癌. 内分泌外科杂志, 2008, 2(4): 246-248.
29. 中国抗癌协会胰腺癌专业委员会. 胰腺癌综合诊治指南(2018版). 中华外科杂志, 2018, 56(7): 481-494.
30. Wang J, Chai S, Zheng G, et al. Expert consensus statement on computed tomography-guided (125)I radioactive seeds permanent interstitial brachytherapy. J Cancer Res Ther, 2018, 14(1): 12-17.
31. Wang J, Jiang Y, Li J, et al. Intraoperative ultrasound-guided iodine-125 seed implantation for unresectable pancreatic carcinoma. J Exp Clin Cancer Res, 2009, 28: 88.
32. Wang H, Wang J, Jiang Y, et al. The investigation of ¹²⁵I seed implantation as a salvage modality for unresectable pancreatic carcinoma. J Exp Clin Cancer Res, 2013, 32: 106.
33. Li YF, Liu ZQ, Zhang YS, et al. Implantation of radioactive (125)I seeds improves the prognosis of locally advanced pancreatic cancer patients: a retrospective study. J Huazhong Univ Sci Technolog Med Sci, 2016, 36(2): 205-210.
34. Zheng Z, Xu Y, Zhang S, et al. Surgical bypass and permanent iodine-125 seed implantation vs. surgical bypass for the treatment of pancreatic head cancer. Oncol Lett, 2017, 14(3): 2838-2844.
35. Liu K, Ji B, Zhang W, et al. Comparison of iodine-125 seed implantation and pancreaticoduodenectomy in the treatment of pancreatic cancer. Int J Med Sci, 2014, 11(9): 893-896.
36. Liu Y, Lyu SC, Wang XQ, et al. Application of preoperative three-dimensional model design in radioactive particle implantation for advanced pancreatic cancer. Onco Targets Ther, 2018, 11: 8685-8693.
37. 李清春, 杨文涛, 盖保东, 等. 放射性碘-125 粒子植入治疗腹腔肿瘤的徒手穿刺技巧. 中国普外基础与临床杂志, 2018, 25(12): 1507-1510.
38. Xu K, Niu L, Mu F, et al. Cryosurgery in combination with brachytherapy of iodine-125 seeds for pancreatic cancer. Gland Surg, 2013, 2(2): 91-99.
39. Zhongmin W, Yu L, Fenju L, et al. Clinical efficacy of CT-guided iodine-125 seed implantation therapy in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer. Eur Radiol, 2010, 20(7): 1786-1791.
40. 俞炎平, 江海涛, 姚征, 等. CT 引导下经皮胰腺穿刺活检和组织间植入治疗的径路及安全性. 中华肿瘤杂志, 2013, 35(8): 608-612.
41. Yu YP, Yu Q, Guo JM, et al. Effectiveness and security of CT-guided percutaneous implantation of (125)I seeds in pancreatic carcinoma. Br J Radiol, 2014, 87(1039): 20130642.
42. Wang B, Hao Y, Pu F, et al. Computer-aided designed, three dimensional-printed hemipelvic prosthesis for peri-acetabular malignant bone tumour. Int Orthop, 2018, 42(3): 687-694.
43. Zeng H, Yuan-Liang S, Xie G, et al. Three-dimensional printing of facial contour based on preoperative computer simulation and its clinical application. Medicine (Baltimore), 2019, 98(2): e12919.
44. Rynio P, Kazimierczak A, Jedrzejczak T, et al. A 3D printed aortic arch template to facilitate decision-making regarding the use of an externalized transapical wire during thoracic endovascular aneurysm repair. Ann Vasc Surg, 2019, 54: 336. e5-336. e8.
45. 吉喆, 姜玉良, 郭福新, 等. 3D 打印模板联合 CT 引导下放射性粒子植入治疗椎旁/腹膜后恶性肿瘤的剂量学验证观察. 中华医学杂志, 2017, 97(13): 996-1000.
46. Huang W, Lu J, Chen KM, et al. Preliminary application of 3D-printed coplanar template for iodine-125 seed implantation therapy in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer. World J Gastroenterol, 2018, 24(46): 5280-5287.
47. 中国医师协会放射性粒子植入技术专家委员会, 中国抗癌协会肿瘤微创治疗专业委员会粒子治疗分会. 放射性 ¹²⁵I 粒子植入治疗胰腺癌中国专家共识(2017年版). 临床肝胆病杂志, 2018, 34(4): 716-723.
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Radioactive ¹²⁵I seed implantation in the treatment of unresectable pancreatic cancer

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CHINESE JOURNAL OF BASES AND CLINICS IN GENERAL SURGERY

Radioactive 125I seed implantation in the treatment of unresectable pancreatic cancer

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Radioactive ¹²⁵I seed implantation in the treatment of unresectable pancreatic cancer