Analysis of a case of primary squamous cell carcinoma of liver_CHINESE JOURNAL OF BASES AND CLINICS IN GENERAL SURGERY

Authors：

HUANG Yang ¹ , ZHANG Zhixi ¹ , ZHENG Jinli ¹ , LU Xinyi ² ,  JIANG Li ¹

1. Department of Liver Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China;
2. Department of Intensive Care Unite, Sichuan Cancer Hospital, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China;

Corresponding author：

JIANG Li, Email: jl339@126.com

Keywords：

primary squamous cell carcinoma of liver; differential diagnosis; treatment

DOI：

10.7507/1007-9424.201905035

Video：

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Objective To investigate misdiagnosis of primary squamous cell carcinoma of liver (PSCCL) as cholangiocarcinoma before operation and its clinical manifestations, imaging manifestations, etiology, histological origin, pathological characteristics, diagnosis and differential diagnosis, selection of treatment methods, and prognosis, so as to improve understanding and reasonable diagnosis and treatment of disease.Method The clinicopathologic data of a case of PSCCL misdiagnosed as cholangiocarcinoma in the West China Hospital of Sichuan University were analyzed retrospectively.Results The patient was admitted to the West China Hospital of Sichuan University with the right hepatic space occupying. The preoperative imaging examination showed that the patient had the imaging characteristics of hepatic cholangiocarcinoma, then the right hemihepatectomy was performed. The postoperative pathological diagnosis was the PSCCL.Conclusions Preoperative diagnosis of PSCCL is extremely difficult and it is difficult to differentiate it from primary liver cancer, and it is easy to overlook liver metastasis’s occurrence in other parts of the squamous cell carcinoma, which leads to liver metastasis. It is usually diagnosed by pathological diagnosis after operation, and then original lesions in other parts are excluded by various examinations. PSCCL is treated in a variety of ways, but it’s prognosis is not good. At present, there is no unified treatment principle, most of which are surgery, followed by postoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy. In most cases, because PSCCL’s etiology is unknown and mechanism is not clear, clinicians can only implement individualized treatment according to patient’s condition.

Citation： HUANG Yang, ZHANG Zhixi, ZHENG Jinli, LU Xinyi, JIANG Li. Analysis of a case of primary squamous cell carcinoma of liver. CHINESE JOURNAL OF BASES AND CLINICS IN GENERAL SURGERY, 2020, 27(1): 82-87. doi: 10.7507/1007-9424.201905035 Copy

1.	Imai T. Ein Fall von zystischem Teratom der Leber, in welchem Plattenepithelkrebs entstand. Trans Soc Pathol Jap, 1934, 24: 578-580.
2.	张晓辉, 王锦波. 肝脏原发性鳞状细胞癌的诊断及治疗: 附 23 例报告并文献复习. 中国普通外科杂志, 2014, 23(1): 121-126.
3.	Zhu KL, Li DY, Jiang CB. Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the liver associated with hepatolithiasis: a case report. World J Gastroenterol, 2012, 18(40): 5830-5832.
4.	Naik S, Waris W, Carmosino L, et al. Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the liver. J Gastrointestin Liver Dis, 2009, 18(4): 487-489.
5.	Shinagawa T, Tadokoro M, Takagi M, et al. Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the liver: a case report. Acta Cytol, 1996, 40(2): 339-345.
6.	Banbury J, Conlon KC, Ghossein R, et al. Primary squamous cell carcinoma within a solitary nonparasitic hepatic cyst. J Surg Oncol, 1994, 57(3): 210-212.
7.	Nieweg O, Slooff MJ, Grond J. A case of primary squamous cell carcinoma of the liver arising in a solitary cyst. HPB Surg, 1992, 5(3): 203-208.
8.	Wilson JM, Groeschl R, George B, et al. Ciliated hepatic cyst leading to squamous cell carcinoma of the liver—A case report and review of the literature. Int J Surg Case Rep, 2013, 4(11): 972-975.
9.	Greenwood N, Orr WM. Primary squamous-cell carcinoma arising in a solitary non-parasitic cyst of the liver. J Pathol, 1972, 107(2): 145-148.
10.	Bloustein PA, Silverberg SG. Squamous cell carcinoma originating in an hepatic cyst. Case report with a review of the hepatic cyst-carcinoma association. Cancer, 1976, 38(5): 2002-2005.
11.	Gresham GA, Rue LW 3rd. Squamous cell carcinoma of the liver. Hum Pathol, 1985, 16(4): 413-416.
12.	Yagi H, Ueda M, Kawachi S, et al. Squamous cell carcinoma of the liver originating from non-parasitic cysts after a 15 year follow-up. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 2004, 16(10): 1051-1056.
13.	Vick DJ, Goodman ZD, Ishak KG. Squamous cell carcinoma arising in a ciliated hepatic foregut cyst. Arch Pathol Lab Med, 1999, 123(11): 1115-1117.
14.	Yuki N, Hijikata Y, Kato M, et al. Squamous cell carcinoma as a rare entity of primary liver tumor with grave prognosis. Hepatol Res, 2006, 36(4): 322-327.
15.	Spaggiari M, Di Benedetto F, Ballarin R, et al. Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the liver associated with Caroli‘s disease: a case report. Onkologie, 2011, 34(4): 193-195.
16.	Zhao R, Zhu K, Wang R, et al. Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the liver: A case report and review of the literature. Oncol Lett, 2012, 4(6): 1163-1166.
17.	Clements D, Newman P, Etherington R, et al. Squamous carcinoma in the liver. Gut, 1990, 31(11): 1333-1334.
18.	Lee HL, Liu YY, Yeh CN, et al. Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the liver: a successful surgically treated case. World J Gastroenterol, 2006, 12(33): 5419-5421.
19.	李玉林. 病理学. 第 8 版. 北京: 人民卫生出版社, 2013: 96-97.
20.	Song E, Kew MC, Grieve T, et al. Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the liver occurring in association with hepatolithiasis. Cancer, 1984, 53(3): 542-546.
21.	Odemiş B, Köksal AS, Yüksel O, et al. Squamous cell cancer of the liver arising from an epidermoid cyst: case report and review of the literature. Dig Dis Sci, 2006, 51(7): 1278-1284.
22.	Lynch MJ, McLeod MK, Weatherbee L, et al. Squamous cell cancer of the liver arising from a solitary benign nonparasitic hepatic cyst. Am J Gastroenterol, 1988, 83(4): 426-431.
23.	Boscolo G, Jirillo A, Da Pian P. Complete remission of poorly differentiated squamous liver carcinoma after systemic chemotherapy and surgery. A case report. Tumori, 2005, 91(1): 71-72.
24.	Monteagudo M, Vidal G, Moreno M, et al. Squamous cell carcinoma and infection in a solitary hepatic cyst. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 1998, 10(12): 1051-1053.
25.	Furlanetto A, Dei Tos AP. Squamous cell carcinoma arising in a ciliated hepatic foregut cyst. Virchows Arch, 2002, 441(3): 296-298.
26.	赵亮, 孙力, 孔风为, 等. 原发性肝脏鳞状细胞癌 2 例. 中国老年学杂志, 2017, 37(6): 1400-1402.
27.	Arase Y, Endo Y, Hara M, et al. Hepatic squamous cell carcinoma with hypercalcemia in liver cirrhosis. Acta Pathol Jpn, 1988, 38(5): 643-650.
28.	Carrim ZI, Murchison JT. The prevalence of simple renal and hepatic cysts detected by spiral computed tomography. Clin Radiol, 2003, 58(8): 626-629.
29.	文彬, 喻廷碧, 周继雍. 肝脏原发性鳞状细胞癌 (附 1 例报告及文献复习). 肿瘤研究与临床, 1997, 9(3): 57-58.
30.	庄莉, 凌琪, 王伟林. 肝原发性鳞状细胞癌 4 例报道. 浙江医学, 2006, 28(9): 762-763.
31.	Weimann A, Klempnauer J, Gebel M, et al. Squamous cell carcinoma of the liver originating from a solitary non-parasitic cyst case report and review of the literature. HPB Surg, 1996, 10(1): 45-49.
32.	邓荣海, 巫林伟, 吴成林, 等. 肝移植治疗肝原发性鳞状细胞癌 1 例. 中国组织工程研究与临床康复, 2011, 15(44): 8329-8332.

1. Imai T. Ein Fall von zystischem Teratom der Leber, in welchem Plattenepithelkrebs entstand. Trans Soc Pathol Jap, 1934, 24: 578-580.
2. 张晓辉, 王锦波. 肝脏原发性鳞状细胞癌的诊断及治疗: 附 23 例报告并文献复习. 中国普通外科杂志, 2014, 23(1): 121-126.
3. Zhu KL, Li DY, Jiang CB. Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the liver associated with hepatolithiasis: a case report. World J Gastroenterol, 2012, 18(40): 5830-5832.
4. Naik S, Waris W, Carmosino L, et al. Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the liver. J Gastrointestin Liver Dis, 2009, 18(4): 487-489.
5. Shinagawa T, Tadokoro M, Takagi M, et al. Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the liver: a case report. Acta Cytol, 1996, 40(2): 339-345.
6. Banbury J, Conlon KC, Ghossein R, et al. Primary squamous cell carcinoma within a solitary nonparasitic hepatic cyst. J Surg Oncol, 1994, 57(3): 210-212.
7. Nieweg O, Slooff MJ, Grond J. A case of primary squamous cell carcinoma of the liver arising in a solitary cyst. HPB Surg, 1992, 5(3): 203-208.
8. Wilson JM, Groeschl R, George B, et al. Ciliated hepatic cyst leading to squamous cell carcinoma of the liver—A case report and review of the literature. Int J Surg Case Rep, 2013, 4(11): 972-975.
9. Greenwood N, Orr WM. Primary squamous-cell carcinoma arising in a solitary non-parasitic cyst of the liver. J Pathol, 1972, 107(2): 145-148.
10. Bloustein PA, Silverberg SG. Squamous cell carcinoma originating in an hepatic cyst. Case report with a review of the hepatic cyst-carcinoma association. Cancer, 1976, 38(5): 2002-2005.
11. Gresham GA, Rue LW 3rd. Squamous cell carcinoma of the liver. Hum Pathol, 1985, 16(4): 413-416.
12. Yagi H, Ueda M, Kawachi S, et al. Squamous cell carcinoma of the liver originating from non-parasitic cysts after a 15 year follow-up. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 2004, 16(10): 1051-1056.
13. Vick DJ, Goodman ZD, Ishak KG. Squamous cell carcinoma arising in a ciliated hepatic foregut cyst. Arch Pathol Lab Med, 1999, 123(11): 1115-1117.
14. Yuki N, Hijikata Y, Kato M, et al. Squamous cell carcinoma as a rare entity of primary liver tumor with grave prognosis. Hepatol Res, 2006, 36(4): 322-327.
15. Spaggiari M, Di Benedetto F, Ballarin R, et al. Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the liver associated with Caroli‘s disease: a case report. Onkologie, 2011, 34(4): 193-195.
16. Zhao R, Zhu K, Wang R, et al. Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the liver: A case report and review of the literature. Oncol Lett, 2012, 4(6): 1163-1166.
17. Clements D, Newman P, Etherington R, et al. Squamous carcinoma in the liver. Gut, 1990, 31(11): 1333-1334.
18. Lee HL, Liu YY, Yeh CN, et al. Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the liver: a successful surgically treated case. World J Gastroenterol, 2006, 12(33): 5419-5421.
19. 李玉林. 病理学. 第 8 版. 北京: 人民卫生出版社, 2013: 96-97.
20. Song E, Kew MC, Grieve T, et al. Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the liver occurring in association with hepatolithiasis. Cancer, 1984, 53(3): 542-546.
21. Odemiş B, Köksal AS, Yüksel O, et al. Squamous cell cancer of the liver arising from an epidermoid cyst: case report and review of the literature. Dig Dis Sci, 2006, 51(7): 1278-1284.
22. Lynch MJ, McLeod MK, Weatherbee L, et al. Squamous cell cancer of the liver arising from a solitary benign nonparasitic hepatic cyst. Am J Gastroenterol, 1988, 83(4): 426-431.
23. Boscolo G, Jirillo A, Da Pian P. Complete remission of poorly differentiated squamous liver carcinoma after systemic chemotherapy and surgery. A case report. Tumori, 2005, 91(1): 71-72.
24. Monteagudo M, Vidal G, Moreno M, et al. Squamous cell carcinoma and infection in a solitary hepatic cyst. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 1998, 10(12): 1051-1053.
25. Furlanetto A, Dei Tos AP. Squamous cell carcinoma arising in a ciliated hepatic foregut cyst. Virchows Arch, 2002, 441(3): 296-298.
26. 赵亮, 孙力, 孔风为, 等. 原发性肝脏鳞状细胞癌 2 例. 中国老年学杂志, 2017, 37(6): 1400-1402.
27. Arase Y, Endo Y, Hara M, et al. Hepatic squamous cell carcinoma with hypercalcemia in liver cirrhosis. Acta Pathol Jpn, 1988, 38(5): 643-650.
28. Carrim ZI, Murchison JT. The prevalence of simple renal and hepatic cysts detected by spiral computed tomography. Clin Radiol, 2003, 58(8): 626-629.
29. 文彬, 喻廷碧, 周继雍. 肝脏原发性鳞状细胞癌 (附 1 例报告及文献复习). 肿瘤研究与临床, 1997, 9(3): 57-58.
30. 庄莉, 凌琪, 王伟林. 肝原发性鳞状细胞癌 4 例报道. 浙江医学, 2006, 28(9): 762-763.
31. Weimann A, Klempnauer J, Gebel M, et al. Squamous cell carcinoma of the liver originating from a solitary non-parasitic cyst case report and review of the literature. HPB Surg, 1996, 10(1): 45-49.
32. 邓荣海, 巫林伟, 吴成林, 等. 肝移植治疗肝原发性鳞状细胞癌 1 例. 中国组织工程研究与临床康复, 2011, 15(44): 8329-8332.

CHINESE JOURNAL OF BASES AND CLINICS IN GENERAL SURGERY

Analysis of a case of primary squamous cell carcinoma of liver

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