下肢静脉曲张微创治疗现状_CHINESE JOURNAL OF BASES AND CLINICS IN GENERAL SURGERY

Authors：

刘洪 ,  赵渝

重庆医科大学附属第一医院血管外科（重庆 400016）;

Corresponding author：

赵渝, Email: 820994765@qq.com

Keywords：

DOI：

10.7507/1007-9424.202002094

Video：

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Citation： 刘洪, 赵渝. 下肢静脉曲张微创治疗现状. CHINESE JOURNAL OF BASES AND CLINICS IN GENERAL SURGERY, 2020, 27(4): 400-403. doi: 10.7507/1007-9424.202002094 Copy

1.	Meissner MH. What is the medical rationale for the treatment of varicose veins? Phlebology, 2012, 27(Suppl 1): 27-33.
2.	Zhao ZY, Zhang XJ, Li JH, et al. Comparison of high ligation and stripping of the great saphenous vein combined with foam sclerotherapy versus conventional surgery for the treatment of superficial venous varicosities of the lower extremity. Int J Clin Exp Med, 2015, 8(5): 7843-7848.
3.	Zhang M, Qiu T, Bu X, et al. A national survey on management of varicose veins in China. J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord, 2018, 6(3): 338-346.
4.	赵渝, 何阳. 透光直视旋切系统联合长效青霉素治疗下肢静脉曲张及静脉性皮肤病变临床分析. 中国血管外科杂志: 电子版, 2010, 2(1): 24-27.
5.	Franceschi C, Cappelli M, Ermini S, et al. CHIVA: hemodynamic concept, strategy and results. Int Angiol, 2016, 35(1): 8-30.
6.	Bellmunt-Montoya S, Escribano JM, Dilme J, et al. CHIVA method for the treatment of chronic venous insufficiency. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2015, 29(6): CD009648.
7.	Gloviczki P, Comerota AJ, Dalsing MC, et al. The care of patients with varicose veins and associated chronic venous diseases: clinical practice guidelines of the Society for Vascular Surgery and the American Venous Forum. J Vasc Surg, 2011, 53(5 Suppl): 2S-48S.
8.	O’Flynn N, Vaughan M, Kelley K. Diagnosis and management of varicose veins in the legs: NICE guideline. Br J Gen Pract, 2014, 64(623): 314-315.
9.	Kürşat Bozkurt A, Lawaetz M, Danielsson G, et al. European College of Phlebology guideline for truncal ablation. Phlebology, 2020, 35(2): 73-83.
10.	Siribumrungwong B, Noorit P, Wilasrusmee C, et al. Cost-utility analysis of great saphenous vein ablation with radiofrequency, foam and surgery in the emerging health-care setting of Thailand. Phlebology, 2016, 31(8): 573-581.
11.	Goldman MP. Closure of the greater saphenous vein with endoluminal radiofrequency thermal heating of the vein wall in combination with ambulatory phlebectomy: preliminary 6-month follow-up. Dermatol Surg, 2000, 26(5): 452-456.
12.	Braithwaite SA, Braithwaite BD. Clinical utility of the Covidien Closure Fast^TM Endovenous Radiofrequency Ablation Catheter. Med Devices (Auckl), 2014, 7: 179-185.
13.	Dillavou ED, Harlander-Locke M, Labropoulos N, et al. Current state of the treatment of perforating veins. J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord, 2016, 4(1): 131-135.
14.	Newman JE, Meecham L, Walker RJ, et al. Optimising treatment parameters for Radiofrequency Induced Thermal Therapy (RFiTT): a comparison of the manufacturer’s treatment guidance with a locally developed treatment protocol. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg, 2014, 47(6): 664-669.
15.	Braithwaite B, Hnatek L, Zierau U, et al. Radiofrequency-induced thermal therapy: results of a European multicentre study of resistive ablation of incompetent truncal varicose veins. Phlebology, 2013, 28(1): 38-46.
16.	Badham GE, Dos Santos SJ, Lloyd LB, et al. One-year results of the use of endovenous radiofrequency ablation utilising an optimised radiofrequency-induced thermotherapy protocol for the treatment of truncal superficial venous reflux. Phlebology, 2018, 33(5): 298-302.
17.	Calcagno D, Rossi JA, Ha C. Effect of saphenous vein diameter on closure rate with ClosureFAST radiofrequency catheter. Vasc Endovascular Surg, 2009, 43(6): 567-570.
18.	Corcos L, Pontello D, DE Anna D, et al. Endovenous 808-nm diode laser occlusion of perforating veins and varicose collaterals: a prospective study of 482 limbs. Dermatol Surg, 2011, 37(10): 1486-1498.
19.	Malskat WSJ, Engels LK, Hollestein LM, et al. Commonly used endovenous laser ablation (EVLA) parameters do not influence efficacy: results of a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg, 2019, 58(2): 230-242.
20.	Rasmussen L, Lawaetz M, Serup J, et al. Randomized clinical trial comparing endovenous laser ablation, radiofrequency ablation, foam sclerotherapy, and surgical stripping for great saphenous varicose veins with 3-year follow-up. J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord, 2013, 1(4): 349-356.
21.	Ahadiat O, Higgins S, Ly A, et al. Review of endovenous thermal ablation of the great saphenous vein: endovenous laser therapy versus radiofrequency ablation. Dermatol Surg, 2018, 44(5): 679-688.
22.	Stokbroekx T, de Boer A, Verdaasdonk RM, et al. Commonly used fiber tips in endovenous laser ablation (EVLA): an analysis of technical differences. Lasers Med Sci, 2014, 29(2): 501-507.
23.	Nejm CS Jr, Timi JR, de Araújo WB Jr, et al. Endovenous laser ablation of the great saphenous vein-varying energy may not affect outcome. Phlebology, 2017, 32(1): 13-18.
24.	van den Bos RR, Malskat WS, De Maeseneer MG, et al. Randomized clinical trial of endovenous laser ablation versus steam ablation (LAST trial) for great saphenous varicose veins. Br J Surg, 2014, 101(9): 1077-1083.
25.	Mao J, Zhang C, Wang Z, et al. A retrospective study comparing endovenous laser ablation and microwave ablation for great saphenous varicose veins. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci, 2012, 16(7): 873-877.
26.	Subwongcharoen S, Chitwiset S. Chronic venous disease treated with endovenous microwave ablation: long-terms results and quality of life. J Med Assoc Thai, 2014, 97(Suppl 11): S76-S80.
27.	Rathbun S, Norris A, Morrison N, et al. Performance of endovenous foam sclerotherapy in the USA for the treatment of venous disorders: ACP/SVM/AVF/SIR quality improvement guidelines. Phlebology, 2014, 29(2): 76-82.
28.	Vähäaho S, Halmesmäki K, Albäck A, et al. Five-year follow-up of a randomized clinical trial comparing open surgery, foam sclerotherapy and endovenous laser ablation for great saphenous varicose veins. Br J Surg, 2018, 105(6): 686-691.
29.	Lam YL, Lawson JA, Toonder IM, et al. Eight-year follow-up of a randomized clinical trial comparing ultrasound-guided foam sclerotherapy with surgical stripping of the great saphenous vein. Br J Surg, 2018, 105(6): 692-698.
30.	Rabe E, Breu FX, Cavezzi A, et al. European guidelines for sclerotherapy in chronic venous disorders. Phlebology, 2014, 29(6): 338-354.
31.	Devereux N, Recke AL, Westermann L, et al. Catheter-directed foam sclerotherapy of great saphenous veins in combination with pre-treatment reduction of the diameter employing the principals of perivenous tumescent local anesthesia. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg, 2014, 47(2): 187-195.
32.	Ferrara F, Ferrara G. Sclerotherapy of varicose veins: my method (HCS). Minerva Cardioangiol, 2012, 60(2): 125-131.
33.	Yin H, He H, Wang M, et al. Prospective randomized study of ultrasound-guided foam sclerotherapy combined with great saphenous vein high ligation in the treatment of severe lower extremity varicosis. Ann Vasc Surg, 2017, 39: 256-263.
34.	Leo M, Stefano R, Raffaele AI. Foam sclerotherapy of the great saphenous vein in association with pre-terminal saphenous junction ligation/division as an office-based procedure: 12-month results. Phlebology, 2018, 33(5): 321-329.
35.	冉寅呈, 刘洪, 张矛, 等. 超声引导下泡沫硬化疗法联合主干高位透皮缝扎治疗原发性大隐静脉曲张的初步疗效. 中华血管外科杂志, 2018, 3(4): 228-232.
36.	Gibson K, Gunderson K. Liquid and foam sclerotherapy for spider and varicose veins. Surg Clin North Am, 2018, 98(2): 415-429.
37.	Elias S, Raines JK. Mechanochemical tumescentless endovenous ablation: final results of the initial clinical trial. Phlebology, 2012, 27(2): 67-72.
38.	Vos CG, Ünlü Ç, Bosma J, et al. A systematic review and meta-analysis of two novel techniques of nonthermal endovenous ablation of the great saphenous vein. J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord, 2017, 5(6): 880-896.
39.	Witte ME, Zeebregts CJ, de Borst GJ, et al. Mechanochemical endovenous ablation of saphenous veins using the ClariVein: a systematic review. Phlebology, 2017, 32(10): 649-657.
40.	Witte ME, Holewijn S, van Eekeren RR, et al. Midterm outcome of mechanochemical endovenous ablation for the treatment of great saphenous vein insufficiency. J Endovasc Ther, 2017, 24(1): 149-155.
41.	Lane T, Bootun R, Dharmarajah B, et al. A multi-centre randomised controlled trial comparing radiofrequency and mechanical occlusion chemically assisted ablation of varicose veins-final results of the Venefit versus Clarivein for varicose veins trial. Phlebology, 2017, 32(2): 89-98.
42.	Tang TY, Kam JW, Gaunt ME. ClariVein®-early results from a large single-centre series of mechanochemical endovenous ablation for varicose veins. Phlebology, 2017, 32(1): 6-12.
43.	Almeida JI, Javier JJ, Mackay E, et al. First human use of cyanoacrylate adhesive for treatment of saphenous vein incompetence. J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord, 2013, 1(2): 174-180.
44.	Proebstle TM, Alm J, Dimitri S, et al. Twelve-month follow-up of the european multicenter study on cyanoacrylate embolization of incompetent great saphenous veins. J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord, 2014, 2(1): 105-106.
45.	Chan YC, Law Y, Cheung GC, et al. Predictors of recanalization for incompetent great saphenous veins treated with cyanoacrylate glue. J Vasc Interv Radiol, 2017, 28(5): 665-671.
46.	Gibson K, Ferris B. Cyanoacrylate closure of incompetent great, small and accessory saphenous veins without the use of post-procedure compression: initial outcomes of a post-market evaluation of the VenaSeal System (the WAVES Study). Vascular, 2017, 25(2): 149-156.
47.	Whiteley MS. High intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) for the treatment of varicose veins and venous leg ulcers-a new non-invasive procedure and a potentially disruptive technology. Curr Med Res Opin, 2019, [Epub ahead of print].

1. Meissner MH. What is the medical rationale for the treatment of varicose veins? Phlebology, 2012, 27(Suppl 1): 27-33.
2. Zhao ZY, Zhang XJ, Li JH, et al. Comparison of high ligation and stripping of the great saphenous vein combined with foam sclerotherapy versus conventional surgery for the treatment of superficial venous varicosities of the lower extremity. Int J Clin Exp Med, 2015, 8(5): 7843-7848.
3. Zhang M, Qiu T, Bu X, et al. A national survey on management of varicose veins in China. J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord, 2018, 6(3): 338-346.
4. 赵渝, 何阳. 透光直视旋切系统联合长效青霉素治疗下肢静脉曲张及静脉性皮肤病变临床分析. 中国血管外科杂志: 电子版, 2010, 2(1): 24-27.
5. Franceschi C, Cappelli M, Ermini S, et al. CHIVA: hemodynamic concept, strategy and results. Int Angiol, 2016, 35(1): 8-30.
6. Bellmunt-Montoya S, Escribano JM, Dilme J, et al. CHIVA method for the treatment of chronic venous insufficiency. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2015, 29(6): CD009648.
7. Gloviczki P, Comerota AJ, Dalsing MC, et al. The care of patients with varicose veins and associated chronic venous diseases: clinical practice guidelines of the Society for Vascular Surgery and the American Venous Forum. J Vasc Surg, 2011, 53(5 Suppl): 2S-48S.
8. O’Flynn N, Vaughan M, Kelley K. Diagnosis and management of varicose veins in the legs: NICE guideline. Br J Gen Pract, 2014, 64(623): 314-315.
9. Kürşat Bozkurt A, Lawaetz M, Danielsson G, et al. European College of Phlebology guideline for truncal ablation. Phlebology, 2020, 35(2): 73-83.
10. Siribumrungwong B, Noorit P, Wilasrusmee C, et al. Cost-utility analysis of great saphenous vein ablation with radiofrequency, foam and surgery in the emerging health-care setting of Thailand. Phlebology, 2016, 31(8): 573-581.
11. Goldman MP. Closure of the greater saphenous vein with endoluminal radiofrequency thermal heating of the vein wall in combination with ambulatory phlebectomy: preliminary 6-month follow-up. Dermatol Surg, 2000, 26(5): 452-456.
12. Braithwaite SA, Braithwaite BD. Clinical utility of the Covidien Closure Fast^TM Endovenous Radiofrequency Ablation Catheter. Med Devices (Auckl), 2014, 7: 179-185.
13. Dillavou ED, Harlander-Locke M, Labropoulos N, et al. Current state of the treatment of perforating veins. J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord, 2016, 4(1): 131-135.
14. Newman JE, Meecham L, Walker RJ, et al. Optimising treatment parameters for Radiofrequency Induced Thermal Therapy (RFiTT): a comparison of the manufacturer’s treatment guidance with a locally developed treatment protocol. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg, 2014, 47(6): 664-669.
15. Braithwaite B, Hnatek L, Zierau U, et al. Radiofrequency-induced thermal therapy: results of a European multicentre study of resistive ablation of incompetent truncal varicose veins. Phlebology, 2013, 28(1): 38-46.
16. Badham GE, Dos Santos SJ, Lloyd LB, et al. One-year results of the use of endovenous radiofrequency ablation utilising an optimised radiofrequency-induced thermotherapy protocol for the treatment of truncal superficial venous reflux. Phlebology, 2018, 33(5): 298-302.
17. Calcagno D, Rossi JA, Ha C. Effect of saphenous vein diameter on closure rate with ClosureFAST radiofrequency catheter. Vasc Endovascular Surg, 2009, 43(6): 567-570.
18. Corcos L, Pontello D, DE Anna D, et al. Endovenous 808-nm diode laser occlusion of perforating veins and varicose collaterals: a prospective study of 482 limbs. Dermatol Surg, 2011, 37(10): 1486-1498.
19. Malskat WSJ, Engels LK, Hollestein LM, et al. Commonly used endovenous laser ablation (EVLA) parameters do not influence efficacy: results of a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg, 2019, 58(2): 230-242.
20. Rasmussen L, Lawaetz M, Serup J, et al. Randomized clinical trial comparing endovenous laser ablation, radiofrequency ablation, foam sclerotherapy, and surgical stripping for great saphenous varicose veins with 3-year follow-up. J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord, 2013, 1(4): 349-356.
21. Ahadiat O, Higgins S, Ly A, et al. Review of endovenous thermal ablation of the great saphenous vein: endovenous laser therapy versus radiofrequency ablation. Dermatol Surg, 2018, 44(5): 679-688.
22. Stokbroekx T, de Boer A, Verdaasdonk RM, et al. Commonly used fiber tips in endovenous laser ablation (EVLA): an analysis of technical differences. Lasers Med Sci, 2014, 29(2): 501-507.
23. Nejm CS Jr, Timi JR, de Araújo WB Jr, et al. Endovenous laser ablation of the great saphenous vein-varying energy may not affect outcome. Phlebology, 2017, 32(1): 13-18.
24. van den Bos RR, Malskat WS, De Maeseneer MG, et al. Randomized clinical trial of endovenous laser ablation versus steam ablation (LAST trial) for great saphenous varicose veins. Br J Surg, 2014, 101(9): 1077-1083.
25. Mao J, Zhang C, Wang Z, et al. A retrospective study comparing endovenous laser ablation and microwave ablation for great saphenous varicose veins. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci, 2012, 16(7): 873-877.
26. Subwongcharoen S, Chitwiset S. Chronic venous disease treated with endovenous microwave ablation: long-terms results and quality of life. J Med Assoc Thai, 2014, 97(Suppl 11): S76-S80.
27. Rathbun S, Norris A, Morrison N, et al. Performance of endovenous foam sclerotherapy in the USA for the treatment of venous disorders: ACP/SVM/AVF/SIR quality improvement guidelines. Phlebology, 2014, 29(2): 76-82.
28. Vähäaho S, Halmesmäki K, Albäck A, et al. Five-year follow-up of a randomized clinical trial comparing open surgery, foam sclerotherapy and endovenous laser ablation for great saphenous varicose veins. Br J Surg, 2018, 105(6): 686-691.
29. Lam YL, Lawson JA, Toonder IM, et al. Eight-year follow-up of a randomized clinical trial comparing ultrasound-guided foam sclerotherapy with surgical stripping of the great saphenous vein. Br J Surg, 2018, 105(6): 692-698.
30. Rabe E, Breu FX, Cavezzi A, et al. European guidelines for sclerotherapy in chronic venous disorders. Phlebology, 2014, 29(6): 338-354.
31. Devereux N, Recke AL, Westermann L, et al. Catheter-directed foam sclerotherapy of great saphenous veins in combination with pre-treatment reduction of the diameter employing the principals of perivenous tumescent local anesthesia. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg, 2014, 47(2): 187-195.
32. Ferrara F, Ferrara G. Sclerotherapy of varicose veins: my method (HCS). Minerva Cardioangiol, 2012, 60(2): 125-131.
33. Yin H, He H, Wang M, et al. Prospective randomized study of ultrasound-guided foam sclerotherapy combined with great saphenous vein high ligation in the treatment of severe lower extremity varicosis. Ann Vasc Surg, 2017, 39: 256-263.
34. Leo M, Stefano R, Raffaele AI. Foam sclerotherapy of the great saphenous vein in association with pre-terminal saphenous junction ligation/division as an office-based procedure: 12-month results. Phlebology, 2018, 33(5): 321-329.
35. 冉寅呈, 刘洪, 张矛, 等. 超声引导下泡沫硬化疗法联合主干高位透皮缝扎治疗原发性大隐静脉曲张的初步疗效. 中华血管外科杂志, 2018, 3(4): 228-232.
36. Gibson K, Gunderson K. Liquid and foam sclerotherapy for spider and varicose veins. Surg Clin North Am, 2018, 98(2): 415-429.
37. Elias S, Raines JK. Mechanochemical tumescentless endovenous ablation: final results of the initial clinical trial. Phlebology, 2012, 27(2): 67-72.
38. Vos CG, Ünlü Ç, Bosma J, et al. A systematic review and meta-analysis of two novel techniques of nonthermal endovenous ablation of the great saphenous vein. J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord, 2017, 5(6): 880-896.
39. Witte ME, Zeebregts CJ, de Borst GJ, et al. Mechanochemical endovenous ablation of saphenous veins using the ClariVein: a systematic review. Phlebology, 2017, 32(10): 649-657.
40. Witte ME, Holewijn S, van Eekeren RR, et al. Midterm outcome of mechanochemical endovenous ablation for the treatment of great saphenous vein insufficiency. J Endovasc Ther, 2017, 24(1): 149-155.
41. Lane T, Bootun R, Dharmarajah B, et al. A multi-centre randomised controlled trial comparing radiofrequency and mechanical occlusion chemically assisted ablation of varicose veins-final results of the Venefit versus Clarivein for varicose veins trial. Phlebology, 2017, 32(2): 89-98.
42. Tang TY, Kam JW, Gaunt ME. ClariVein®-early results from a large single-centre series of mechanochemical endovenous ablation for varicose veins. Phlebology, 2017, 32(1): 6-12.
43. Almeida JI, Javier JJ, Mackay E, et al. First human use of cyanoacrylate adhesive for treatment of saphenous vein incompetence. J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord, 2013, 1(2): 174-180.
44. Proebstle TM, Alm J, Dimitri S, et al. Twelve-month follow-up of the european multicenter study on cyanoacrylate embolization of incompetent great saphenous veins. J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord, 2014, 2(1): 105-106.
45. Chan YC, Law Y, Cheung GC, et al. Predictors of recanalization for incompetent great saphenous veins treated with cyanoacrylate glue. J Vasc Interv Radiol, 2017, 28(5): 665-671.
46. Gibson K, Ferris B. Cyanoacrylate closure of incompetent great, small and accessory saphenous veins without the use of post-procedure compression: initial outcomes of a post-market evaluation of the VenaSeal System (the WAVES Study). Vascular, 2017, 25(2): 149-156.
47. Whiteley MS. High intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) for the treatment of varicose veins and venous leg ulcers-a new non-invasive procedure and a potentially disruptive technology. Curr Med Res Opin, 2019, [Epub ahead of print].

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CHINESE JOURNAL OF BASES AND CLINICS IN GENERAL SURGERY

下肢静脉曲张微创治疗现状

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