Research progress in regulation of ferroptosis by microRNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma_CHINESE JOURNAL OF BASES AND CLINICS IN GENERAL SURGERY

Authors：

ZHAO Kai ¹ , ZHANG Hui ¹ ,  MA Yanbo ²

1. The First Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030012, P. R. China;
2. Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030012 P. R. China;

Corresponding author：

MA Yanbo, Email: 15103418205@163.com

Keywords：

ferroptosis; microRNA; hepatocellular carcinoma; therapy strategy

DOI：

10.7507/1007-9424.202308046

Video：

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Abstract Full text Figures/Tables Video References Cited by

Objective To summarize a comprehensive overview of the mechanism of ferroptosis and its associated microRNAs in the occurrence and development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and to offer novel insights and potential avenues for tumor marker screening and targeted treatment in clinical hepatocellular carcinoma patients. Method The literatures on the basic and clinical application research of ferroptosis and related microRNA in the occurrence, development and prognosis of HCC at home and abroad in recent years were reviewed and summarized, and the research progress of microRNA regulating ferroptosis in HCC was summarized. Results MicroRNA, a type of non-coding small RNA, had the ability to regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional and translational levels. It held promising potential in the diagnosis and treatment of HCC. Ferroptosis, on the other hand, was a form of cell death triggered by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation. It played a crucial role in the development of HCC. A series of miRNAs related to ferroptosis might act as HCC growth regulators to regulate the growth of cancer cells, or reverse the drug resistance of cancer cells, thereby promoting or inhibiting the occurrence and progression of HCC. Conclusions MicroRNA can regulate the occurrence and development of HCC through the ferroptosis pathway and may become tumor markers for the early diagnosis of HCC. Additionally, microRNA may also serve as a related therapeutic target and provide a new treatment option for HCC.

Citation： ZHAO Kai, ZHANG Hui, MA Yanbo. Research progress in regulation of ferroptosis by microRNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma. CHINESE JOURNAL OF BASES AND CLINICS IN GENERAL SURGERY, 2023, 30(12): 1522-1528. doi: 10.7507/1007-9424.202308046 Copy

1.	Konyn P, Ahmed A, Kim D. Current epidemiology in hepatocellular carcinoma. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol, 2021, 15(11): 1295-1307.
2.	全国多中心前瞻性肝癌极早期预警筛查项目(PreCar)专家组. 中国肝癌早筛策略专家共识. 肝脏, 2021, 26(8): 825-831.
3.	何佳, 肖斌, 孙朝晖. 血清微小RNA在肝癌诊断的应用进展. 中华检验医学杂志, 2017, 40(1): 72-76.
4.	Ruiz-Manriquez LM, Carrasco-Morales O, Sanchez Z EA, et al. MicroRNA-mediated regulation of key signaling pathways in hepatocellular carcinoma: A mechanistic insight. Front Genet, 2022 Sep 2: 13: 910733. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2022.910733.
5.	Wen Y, Han J, Chen J, et al. Plasma miRNAs as early biomarkers for detecting hepatocellular carcinoma. Int J Cancer, 2015, 137(7): 1679-1690.
6.	Bronte F, Bronte G, Fanale D, et al. HepatomiRNoma: The proposal of a new network of targets for diagnosis, prognosis and therapy in hepatocellular carcinoma. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol, 2016, 97: 312-321.
7.	Dixon SJ, Lemberg KM, Lamprecht MR, et al. Ferroptosis: an iron-dependent form of nonapoptotic cell death. Cell, 2012, 149(5): 1060-1072.
8.	Lei G, Zhuang L, Gan B. Targeting ferroptosis as a vulnerability in cancer. Nat Rev Cancer, 2022, 22(7): 381-396.
9.	Zhou Y, Liu F, Ma C, et al. Involvement of microRNAs and their potential diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic role in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Clin Lab Anal, 2022, 36(10): e24673.
10.	Huang PS, Liao CJ, Huang YH, et al. Functional and clinical significance of dysregulated microRNAs in liver cancer. Cancers (Basel), 2021, 13(21): 5361.
11.	Hu X, Zhu H, Shen Y, et al. The role of non-coding RNAs in the sorafenib resistance of hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Oncol, 2021, 11: 696705.
12.	Khashkhashi Moghadam S, Bakhshinejad B, Khalafizadeh A, et al. Non-coding RNA-associated competitive endogenous RNA regulatory networks: Novel diagnostic and therapeutic opportunities for hepatocellular carcinoma. J Cell Mol Med, 2022, 26(2): 287-305.
13.	刘凯敏, 陈刚, 高红强, 等. 不同细胞来源外泌体在肝星状细胞中作用的研究进展. 中国普外基础与临床杂志, 2021, 28(1): 120-124.
14.	薛源, 李沛东, 张广军. 结直肠癌患者血清外泌体microRNAs的研究进展. 中国普外基础与临床杂志, 2020, 27(9): 1169-1174.
15.	Sun Q, Zhang X, Tan Z, et al. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells-secreted exosomal microRNA-205-5p exerts inhibitory effect on the progression of liver cancer through regulating CDKL3. Pathol Res Pract. 2021;225: 153549. doi:10.1016/j.prp.2021.153549.
16.	Zietzer A, Hosen MR, Wang H, et al. The RNA-binding protein hnRNPU regulates the sorting of microRNA-30c-5p into large extracellular vesicles. J Extracell Vesicles, 2020, 9(1): 1786967.
17.	He C, Zheng S, Luo Y, et al. Exosome theranostics: biology and translational medicine. Theranostics, 2018, 8(1): 237-255.
18.	张娇弟, 马梦婷, 张倩, 等. 肝癌来源的外泌体中miRNA的作用. 检验医学与临床, 2022, 19(19): 2725-2728.
19.	Xue C, Gu X, Bao Z, et al. The mechanism underlying the ncRNA dysregulation pattern in hepatocellular carcinoma and its tumor microenvironment. Front Immunol, 2022, 13: 847728.
20.	Gramantieri L, Fornari F, Giovannini C, et al. MicroRNAs at the crossroad between immunoediting and oncogenic drivers in hepatocellular carcinoma. Biomolecules, 2022, 12(7): 930.
21.	Zhi Y, Gao L, Wang B, et al. Ferroptosis holds novel promise in treatment of cancer mediated by non-coding RNAs. Front Cell Dev Biol, 2021, 9: 686906.
22.	Stockwell BR. Ferroptosis turns 10: Emerging mechanisms, physiological functions, and therapeutic applications. Cell, 2022, 185(14): 2401-2421.
23.	Chen X, Kang R, Kroemer G, et al. Broadening horizons: the role of ferroptosis in cancer. Nat Rev Clin Oncol, 2021, 18(5): 280-296.
24.	Qiu S, Zhong X, Meng X, et al. Mitochondria-localized cGAS suppresses ferroptosis to promote cancer progression. Cell Res, 2023, 33(4): 299-311.
25.	Lei G, Zhang Y, Koppula P, et al. The role of ferroptosis in ionizing radiation-induced cell death and tumor suppression. Cell Res, 2020, 30(2): 146-162.
26.	Guo J, Xu B, Han Q, et al. Ferroptosis: a novel anti-tumor action for cisplatin. Cancer Res Treat, 2018, 50(2): 445-460.
27.	Sun X, Ou Z, Chen R, et al. Activation of the p62-Keap1-NRF2 pathway protects against ferroptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Hepatology, 2016, 63(1): 173-184.
28.	Wang W, Green M, Choi JE, et al. CD8⁺ T cells regulate tumour ferroptosis during cancer immunotherapy. Nature, 2019, 569(7755): 270-274.
29.	周伟, 吴河水. 铁死亡机制在胰腺癌中的研究现状及未来展望. 中国普外基础与临床杂志, 2023, 30(3): 364-368.
30.	Zhang X, Sui S, Wang L, et al. Inhibition of tumor propellant glutathione peroxidase 4 induces ferroptosis in cancer cells and enhances anticancer effect of cisplatin. J Cell Physiol, 2020, 235(4): 3425-3437.
31.	张维志, 刘连新. 铁死亡机制在肝细胞癌及其耐药中的研究现状与前景. 中国普外基础与临床杂志, 2022, 29(5): 694-700.
32.	Bai T, Liang R, Zhu R, et al. MicroRNA-214-3p enhances erastin-induced ferroptosis by targeting ATF4 in hepatoma cells. J Cell Physiol, 2020, 235(7-8): 5637-5648.
33.	Zhang T, Sun L, Hao Y, et al. ENO1 suppresses cancer cell ferroptosis by degrading the mRNA of iron regulatory protein 1. Nat Cancer, 2022, 3(1): 75-89.
34.	陈黎, 唐旭东. 非编码RNA调控肿瘤细胞铁死亡分子机制的研究进展. 生命科学, 2020, 32(10): 1099-1107.
35.	He GN, Bao NR, Wang S, et al. Ketamine induces ferroptosis of liver cancer cells by targeting lncRNA PVT1/miR-214-3p/GPX4. Drug Des Devel Ther, 2021, 15: 3965-3978.
36.	Lyu N, Zeng Y, Kong Y, et al. Ferroptosis is involved in the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma through the circ0097009/miR-1261/SLC7A11 axis. Ann Transl Med, 2021, 9(8): 675.
37.	Xu Q, Zhou L, Yang G, et al. CircIL4R facilitates the tumorigenesis and inhibits ferroptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma by regulating the miR-541-3p/GPX4 axis. Cell Biol Int, 2020, 44(11): 2344-2356.
38.	Zhang Y, Luo M, Cui X, et al. Long noncoding RNA NEAT1 promotes ferroptosis by modulating the miR-362-3p/MIOX axis as a ceRNA. Cell Death Differ, 2022, 29(9): 1850-1863.
39.	Guan L, Wang F, Wang M, et al. Downregulation of HULC induces ferroptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma via targeting of the miR-3200-5p/ATF4 axis. Oxid Med Cell Longev, 2022, 2022: 9613095.
40.	Xu Y, Luo X, He W, et al. Long non-coding RNA PVT1/miR-150/ HIG2 axis regulates the proliferation, invasion and the balance of iron metabolism of hepatocellular carcinoma. Cell Physiol Biochem, 2018, 49(4): 1403-1419.
41.	Wu L, Pan C, Wei X, et al. lncRNA KRAL reverses 5-fluorouracil resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma cells by acting as a ceRNA against miR-141. Cell Commun Signal, 2018, 16(1): 47.
42.	Wu LL, Cai WP, Lei X, et al. NRAL mediates cisplatin resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma via miR-340-5p/Nrf2 axis. J Cell Commun Signal, 2019, 13(1): 99-112.
43.	Zhou S, Ye W, Zhang Y, et al. MiR-144 reverses chemoresistance of hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines by targeting Nrf2-dependent antioxidant pathway. Am J Transl Res, 2016, 8(7): 2992-3002.
44.	Shi L, Chen ZG, Wu LL, et al. miR-340 reverses cisplatin resistance of hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines by targeting Nrf2-dependent antioxidant pathway. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 2014, 15(23): 10439-10444.
45.	Gao M, Li C, Xu M, et al. LncRNA MT1DP aggravates cadmium-induced oxidative stress by repressing the function of Nrf2 and is dependent on interaction with miR-365. Adv Sci (Weinh), 2018, 5(7): 1800087.
46.	Shi L, Wu L, Chen Z, et al. MiR-141 activates Nrf2-dependent antioxidant pathway via down-regulating the expression of Keap1 conferring the resistance of hepatocellular carcinoma cells to 5-fluorouracil. Cell Physiol Biochem, 2015, 35(6): 2333-2348.
47.	汤丽红, 马宁耶, 王岩, 等. ATF4与RPL41在输卵管癌组织中的表达及其临床意义. 现代肿瘤医学, 2019, 27(20): 3690-3694.
48.	Hu Z, Yin Y, Jiang J, et al. Exosomal miR-142-3p secreted by hepatitis B virus (HBV)-hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells promotes ferroptosis of M1-type macrophages through SLC3A2 and the mechanism of HCC progression. J Gastrointest Oncol, 2022, 13(2): 754-767.
49.	Lu Y, Chan YT, Tan HY, et al. Epigenetic regulation of ferroptosis via ETS1/miR-23a-3p/ACSL4 axis mediates sorafenib resistance in human hepatocellular carcinoma. J Exp Clin Cancer Res, 2022, 41(1): 3.
50.	Luo Y, Niu G, Yi H, et al. Nanomedicine promotes ferroptosis to inhibit tumour proliferation in vivo. Redox Biol, 2021, 42: 101908.
51.	Sengupta D, Cassel T, Teng KY, et al. Regulation of hepatic glutamine metabolism by miR-122. Mol Metab, 2020, 34: 174-186.
52.	Cui M, Xiao Z, Sun B, et al. Involvement of cholesterol in hepatitis B virus X protein-induced abnormal lipid metabolism of hepatoma cells via up-regulating miR-205-targeted ACSL4. Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 2014, 445(3): 651-655.
53.	Anderton B, Camarda R, Balakrishnan S, et al. MYC-driven inhibition of the glutamate-cysteine ligase promotes glutathione depletion in liver cancer. EMBO Rep, 2017, 18(4): 569-585.
54.	Qin X, Zhang J, Lin Y, et al. Identification of MiR-211-5p as a tumor suppressor by targeting ACSL4 in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Transl Med, 2020, 18(1): 326.
55.	Babu KR, Muckenthaler MU. MiR-148a regulates expression of the transferrin receptor 1 in hepatocellular carcinoma. Sci Rep, 2019, 9(1): 1518.

1. Konyn P, Ahmed A, Kim D. Current epidemiology in hepatocellular carcinoma. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol, 2021, 15(11): 1295-1307.
2. 全国多中心前瞻性肝癌极早期预警筛查项目(PreCar)专家组. 中国肝癌早筛策略专家共识. 肝脏, 2021, 26(8): 825-831.
3. 何佳, 肖斌, 孙朝晖. 血清微小RNA在肝癌诊断的应用进展. 中华检验医学杂志, 2017, 40(1): 72-76.
4. Ruiz-Manriquez LM, Carrasco-Morales O, Sanchez Z EA, et al. MicroRNA-mediated regulation of key signaling pathways in hepatocellular carcinoma: A mechanistic insight. Front Genet, 2022 Sep 2: 13: 910733. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2022.910733.
5. Wen Y, Han J, Chen J, et al. Plasma miRNAs as early biomarkers for detecting hepatocellular carcinoma. Int J Cancer, 2015, 137(7): 1679-1690.
6. Bronte F, Bronte G, Fanale D, et al. HepatomiRNoma: The proposal of a new network of targets for diagnosis, prognosis and therapy in hepatocellular carcinoma. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol, 2016, 97: 312-321.
7. Dixon SJ, Lemberg KM, Lamprecht MR, et al. Ferroptosis: an iron-dependent form of nonapoptotic cell death. Cell, 2012, 149(5): 1060-1072.
8. Lei G, Zhuang L, Gan B. Targeting ferroptosis as a vulnerability in cancer. Nat Rev Cancer, 2022, 22(7): 381-396.
9. Zhou Y, Liu F, Ma C, et al. Involvement of microRNAs and their potential diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic role in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Clin Lab Anal, 2022, 36(10): e24673.
10. Huang PS, Liao CJ, Huang YH, et al. Functional and clinical significance of dysregulated microRNAs in liver cancer. Cancers (Basel), 2021, 13(21): 5361.
11. Hu X, Zhu H, Shen Y, et al. The role of non-coding RNAs in the sorafenib resistance of hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Oncol, 2021, 11: 696705.
12. Khashkhashi Moghadam S, Bakhshinejad B, Khalafizadeh A, et al. Non-coding RNA-associated competitive endogenous RNA regulatory networks: Novel diagnostic and therapeutic opportunities for hepatocellular carcinoma. J Cell Mol Med, 2022, 26(2): 287-305.
13. 刘凯敏, 陈刚, 高红强, 等. 不同细胞来源外泌体在肝星状细胞中作用的研究进展. 中国普外基础与临床杂志, 2021, 28(1): 120-124.
14. 薛源, 李沛东, 张广军. 结直肠癌患者血清外泌体microRNAs的研究进展. 中国普外基础与临床杂志, 2020, 27(9): 1169-1174.
15. Sun Q, Zhang X, Tan Z, et al. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells-secreted exosomal microRNA-205-5p exerts inhibitory effect on the progression of liver cancer through regulating CDKL3. Pathol Res Pract. 2021;225: 153549. doi:10.1016/j.prp.2021.153549.
16. Zietzer A, Hosen MR, Wang H, et al. The RNA-binding protein hnRNPU regulates the sorting of microRNA-30c-5p into large extracellular vesicles. J Extracell Vesicles, 2020, 9(1): 1786967.
17. He C, Zheng S, Luo Y, et al. Exosome theranostics: biology and translational medicine. Theranostics, 2018, 8(1): 237-255.
18. 张娇弟, 马梦婷, 张倩, 等. 肝癌来源的外泌体中miRNA的作用. 检验医学与临床, 2022, 19(19): 2725-2728.
19. Xue C, Gu X, Bao Z, et al. The mechanism underlying the ncRNA dysregulation pattern in hepatocellular carcinoma and its tumor microenvironment. Front Immunol, 2022, 13: 847728.
20. Gramantieri L, Fornari F, Giovannini C, et al. MicroRNAs at the crossroad between immunoediting and oncogenic drivers in hepatocellular carcinoma. Biomolecules, 2022, 12(7): 930.
21. Zhi Y, Gao L, Wang B, et al. Ferroptosis holds novel promise in treatment of cancer mediated by non-coding RNAs. Front Cell Dev Biol, 2021, 9: 686906.
22. Stockwell BR. Ferroptosis turns 10: Emerging mechanisms, physiological functions, and therapeutic applications. Cell, 2022, 185(14): 2401-2421.
23. Chen X, Kang R, Kroemer G, et al. Broadening horizons: the role of ferroptosis in cancer. Nat Rev Clin Oncol, 2021, 18(5): 280-296.
24. Qiu S, Zhong X, Meng X, et al. Mitochondria-localized cGAS suppresses ferroptosis to promote cancer progression. Cell Res, 2023, 33(4): 299-311.
25. Lei G, Zhang Y, Koppula P, et al. The role of ferroptosis in ionizing radiation-induced cell death and tumor suppression. Cell Res, 2020, 30(2): 146-162.
26. Guo J, Xu B, Han Q, et al. Ferroptosis: a novel anti-tumor action for cisplatin. Cancer Res Treat, 2018, 50(2): 445-460.
27. Sun X, Ou Z, Chen R, et al. Activation of the p62-Keap1-NRF2 pathway protects against ferroptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Hepatology, 2016, 63(1): 173-184.
28. Wang W, Green M, Choi JE, et al. CD8⁺ T cells regulate tumour ferroptosis during cancer immunotherapy. Nature, 2019, 569(7755): 270-274.
29. 周伟, 吴河水. 铁死亡机制在胰腺癌中的研究现状及未来展望. 中国普外基础与临床杂志, 2023, 30(3): 364-368.
30. Zhang X, Sui S, Wang L, et al. Inhibition of tumor propellant glutathione peroxidase 4 induces ferroptosis in cancer cells and enhances anticancer effect of cisplatin. J Cell Physiol, 2020, 235(4): 3425-3437.
31. 张维志, 刘连新. 铁死亡机制在肝细胞癌及其耐药中的研究现状与前景. 中国普外基础与临床杂志, 2022, 29(5): 694-700.
32. Bai T, Liang R, Zhu R, et al. MicroRNA-214-3p enhances erastin-induced ferroptosis by targeting ATF4 in hepatoma cells. J Cell Physiol, 2020, 235(7-8): 5637-5648.
33. Zhang T, Sun L, Hao Y, et al. ENO1 suppresses cancer cell ferroptosis by degrading the mRNA of iron regulatory protein 1. Nat Cancer, 2022, 3(1): 75-89.
34. 陈黎, 唐旭东. 非编码RNA调控肿瘤细胞铁死亡分子机制的研究进展. 生命科学, 2020, 32(10): 1099-1107.
35. He GN, Bao NR, Wang S, et al. Ketamine induces ferroptosis of liver cancer cells by targeting lncRNA PVT1/miR-214-3p/GPX4. Drug Des Devel Ther, 2021, 15: 3965-3978.
36. Lyu N, Zeng Y, Kong Y, et al. Ferroptosis is involved in the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma through the circ0097009/miR-1261/SLC7A11 axis. Ann Transl Med, 2021, 9(8): 675.
37. Xu Q, Zhou L, Yang G, et al. CircIL4R facilitates the tumorigenesis and inhibits ferroptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma by regulating the miR-541-3p/GPX4 axis. Cell Biol Int, 2020, 44(11): 2344-2356.
38. Zhang Y, Luo M, Cui X, et al. Long noncoding RNA NEAT1 promotes ferroptosis by modulating the miR-362-3p/MIOX axis as a ceRNA. Cell Death Differ, 2022, 29(9): 1850-1863.
39. Guan L, Wang F, Wang M, et al. Downregulation of HULC induces ferroptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma via targeting of the miR-3200-5p/ATF4 axis. Oxid Med Cell Longev, 2022, 2022: 9613095.
40. Xu Y, Luo X, He W, et al. Long non-coding RNA PVT1/miR-150/ HIG2 axis regulates the proliferation, invasion and the balance of iron metabolism of hepatocellular carcinoma. Cell Physiol Biochem, 2018, 49(4): 1403-1419.
41. Wu L, Pan C, Wei X, et al. lncRNA KRAL reverses 5-fluorouracil resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma cells by acting as a ceRNA against miR-141. Cell Commun Signal, 2018, 16(1): 47.
42. Wu LL, Cai WP, Lei X, et al. NRAL mediates cisplatin resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma via miR-340-5p/Nrf2 axis. J Cell Commun Signal, 2019, 13(1): 99-112.
43. Zhou S, Ye W, Zhang Y, et al. MiR-144 reverses chemoresistance of hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines by targeting Nrf2-dependent antioxidant pathway. Am J Transl Res, 2016, 8(7): 2992-3002.
44. Shi L, Chen ZG, Wu LL, et al. miR-340 reverses cisplatin resistance of hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines by targeting Nrf2-dependent antioxidant pathway. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 2014, 15(23): 10439-10444.
45. Gao M, Li C, Xu M, et al. LncRNA MT1DP aggravates cadmium-induced oxidative stress by repressing the function of Nrf2 and is dependent on interaction with miR-365. Adv Sci (Weinh), 2018, 5(7): 1800087.
46. Shi L, Wu L, Chen Z, et al. MiR-141 activates Nrf2-dependent antioxidant pathway via down-regulating the expression of Keap1 conferring the resistance of hepatocellular carcinoma cells to 5-fluorouracil. Cell Physiol Biochem, 2015, 35(6): 2333-2348.
47. 汤丽红, 马宁耶, 王岩, 等. ATF4与RPL41在输卵管癌组织中的表达及其临床意义. 现代肿瘤医学, 2019, 27(20): 3690-3694.
48. Hu Z, Yin Y, Jiang J, et al. Exosomal miR-142-3p secreted by hepatitis B virus (HBV)-hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells promotes ferroptosis of M1-type macrophages through SLC3A2 and the mechanism of HCC progression. J Gastrointest Oncol, 2022, 13(2): 754-767.
49. Lu Y, Chan YT, Tan HY, et al. Epigenetic regulation of ferroptosis via ETS1/miR-23a-3p/ACSL4 axis mediates sorafenib resistance in human hepatocellular carcinoma. J Exp Clin Cancer Res, 2022, 41(1): 3.
50. Luo Y, Niu G, Yi H, et al. Nanomedicine promotes ferroptosis to inhibit tumour proliferation in vivo. Redox Biol, 2021, 42: 101908.
51. Sengupta D, Cassel T, Teng KY, et al. Regulation of hepatic glutamine metabolism by miR-122. Mol Metab, 2020, 34: 174-186.
52. Cui M, Xiao Z, Sun B, et al. Involvement of cholesterol in hepatitis B virus X protein-induced abnormal lipid metabolism of hepatoma cells via up-regulating miR-205-targeted ACSL4. Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 2014, 445(3): 651-655.
53. Anderton B, Camarda R, Balakrishnan S, et al. MYC-driven inhibition of the glutamate-cysteine ligase promotes glutathione depletion in liver cancer. EMBO Rep, 2017, 18(4): 569-585.
54. Qin X, Zhang J, Lin Y, et al. Identification of MiR-211-5p as a tumor suppressor by targeting ACSL4 in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Transl Med, 2020, 18(1): 326.
55. Babu KR, Muckenthaler MU. MiR-148a regulates expression of the transferrin receptor 1 in hepatocellular carcinoma. Sci Rep, 2019, 9(1): 1518.

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Research progress in regulation of ferroptosis by microRNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma

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