Repairing mechanism of chlorine-induced airway epithelial injury: a morphological study_Chinese Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine

Authors：

WANG Cheng ^1,2 , MA Yunsheng ³ ,  YAN Wenzhu ¹

1. Department of Human Anatomy, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121000, P. R. China;
2. Department of Thoracic Surgery , Fushun City Central Hospital, Fushun, Liaoning 113006, P. R. China;
3. Department of Developmental Biology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121000, P. R. China;

Corresponding author：

YAN Wenzhu, Email: 934390583@qq.com

Keywords：

Chlorine inhalation; Acute lung injury; Airway epithelium; Epithelial repair

DOI：

10.7507/1671-6205.201706041

Video：

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ObjectiveTo observe repairing process of trachea epithelium cells in chlorine-induced airway epithelial injury.MethodsTwelve mice were exposed to chlorine gas and prepared the mice model of airway damage. Three mice were executed respectively on 2^nd, 4^th, 7^th, 10^th day after exposure to chlorine gas, and tracheal tissues were collected. In addition 3 normal mice served as control. Airway repair and cell proliferation were detected by EdU labeling method. The basal cell markers keratin 5 (K5), keratin 14 (K14) were adopted as the tracheal epithelial markers for locating the position of the proliferation of repairing cells. Morphological analysis was adopted to measure the proliferation rate as well as the recovery of the false stratified epithelium.ResultsIn the control group, cell proliferation rate was very low, all basal cells expressed K5, and most basal cells did not express K14. Most of epithelial cells shed from the trachea epithelium after exposure to chlorine gas. 2-4 days after chlorine exposure, K5 and K14 expression basal cells increased, K14 expression cells increased greatly. In the peak period of cell proliferation, only a small number of ciliated cells appeared in the repairing trachea area. Epithelial cells repaired fast and widely at the bottom of the trachea.ConclusionThe trachea residual basal cells play roles of progenitor cells and repair the airway epithelium after chlorine damage in mice.

Citation： WANG Cheng, MA Yunsheng, YAN Wenzhu. Repairing mechanism of chlorine-induced airway epithelial injury: a morphological study. Chinese Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 2018, 17(1): 76-80. doi: 10.7507/1671-6205.201706041 Copy

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13.	Firth AL, Dargitz CT, Qualls SJ, et al. Generation of multiciliated cells in functional airway epithelia from human induced pluripotent stem cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2014, 111(17): E1723-E1730.

1. Evans RB. Chlorine: state of the art. Lung, 2005, 183(3): 151-167.
2. White CW, Martin JG. Chlorine gas inhalation: human clinical evidence of toxicity and experience in animal models. Proc Am Thorac Soc, 2010, 7(4): 257-263.
3. Tian X, Tao H, Brisolara J, et al. Acute lung injury induced by chlorine inhalation in C57BL/6 and FVB/N mice. Inhal Toxicol, 2008, 20(9): 783-793.
4. 张红珊, 方建培. 骨髓间充质干细胞修复肺损伤研究进展. 中国呼吸与危重监护杂志, 2011, 10(5): 505-508.
5. Crosby LM, Waters CM. Epithelial repair mechanisms in the lung. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, 2010, 298(6): L715-L731.
6. Lynch TJ, Engelhardt JF. Progenitor cells in proximal airway epithelial development and regeneration. J Cell Biochem, 2014, 115 (10): 1637-1645.
7. Reynolds SD, Brechbuhl HM, Smith MK, et al. Lung epithelial healing: a modified seed and soil concept. Proc Am Thorac Soc, 2012, 9(2): 27-37.
8. 高福生, 龙飞, 祁卉卉. 反复吸入烟曲霉孢子对慢性阻塞性肺疾病大鼠气道炎症和重构的影响. 中国呼吸与危重监护杂志, 2008, 7(3): 205-210.
9. Ortega-Martínez M, Rodríguez-Flores LE, de-la-Garza-González C, et al. Detection of a novel stem cell probably involved in normal turnover of the lung airway epithelium. J Cell Mol Med, 2015, 19(11): 2679-2681.
10. Gao X, Bali AS, Randell SH, et al. GRHL2 coordinates regeneration of a polarized mucociliary epitheliumfrom basalstem cells. J Cell Biol, 2015, 211(3): 669-682.
11. Dugger DT, Gerriets JE, Miller LA. Attenuated airway epithelial cell interleukin-22R1 expression in the infant nonhuman primate lung. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol, 2015, 53(6): 761-768.
12. Watson JK, Rulands S, Wilkinson AC, et al. Clonal dynamics reveal two distinct populations of basal cells in slow-turnover airway epithelium. Cell Rep, 2015, 12(1): 90-101.
13. Firth AL, Dargitz CT, Qualls SJ, et al. Generation of multiciliated cells in functional airway epithelia from human induced pluripotent stem cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2014, 111(17): E1723-E1730.

Chinese Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine

Repairing mechanism of chlorine-induced airway epithelial injury: a morphological study

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