A Study on Coping Styles and Influencing Factors in the Military Groups of Social Emergency Responders for Special Service_Chinese Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine

Authors：

1. Department of Military Epidemiology, College of Military Prevention, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China;2. Health Unit, Seventh Detachment, People’s Armed Police Corps, Chongqing 401122, China;

Corresponding author：

Keywords：

Military Groups; Emergency accident; Response; Influence factor

DOI：

10.7507/1672-2531.20090132

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Objective 　To study traits and influencing factors of coping styles in the military groups of social emergency responders for special service and provide a theoretical basis for epidemiologic intervention.
Methods 　A cross-sectional survey on coping styles and their influencing variables was carried out among 12 special service companies from Armed Police Forces and Fire Units of Public Security stationed in Chongqing by means of cluster sampling. Then, different coping styles were compared with general military personnel, the types and maturity degree of coping behaviors were evaluated, and major influencing variables were screened.
Results 　Of 396 subjects, 86.36% had field experience in handling emergencies. The population’s average levels of coping styles are significantly higher than the military norm (P≤0.01), and the overall type of coping behaviors is mature. Although the relevance between the performance type and the number of 6 coping styles scores reaching the military masculine norm is significant (P lt;0.001), the Pearson contingency coefficient（c=0.23）represents a relatively limited maturity in coping styles. In view of direction and extent effects of various influencing factors, lack of survival skills, disaccord on self and experience, self-inferiority as well as self-stereotypes are negative factors. In addition to social support, self-flexibility responsibility may be positive factors. Use of social support, disaccord on self and experience, self-confidence and knowledge about danger-avoiding take universal impacts, and other factors take single impact on a certain coping style.
Conclusion 　Coping styles in military groups of social emergency responders for special service are comparatively mature and stable, but there are significantly individual differences and a wide range of influencing factors. So, it is very necessary to advance maturity in coping styles through targeted interventions.

Citation： BIAN Yongqiao,XIONG Hongyan,XU Rufu,LEI Yu,TANG Tian,ZHANG Sheng,LIU Zhen,ZHANG Lin,MU Ren. A Study on Coping Styles and Influencing Factors in the Military Groups of Social Emergency Responders for Special Service. Chinese Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine, 2009, 09(7): 748-753. doi: 10.7507/1672-2531.20090132 Copy

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9.	郭赟, 何滔, 陈锋. 灾难医学救援人员生存生活技能探讨. 中国急救复苏与灾害医学志, 2008, 3(6): 370-372.
10.	王磊. 浅谈野外生存安全与急救. 中国学校体育, 2005, 4: 47-49.
11.	郭赟, 何滔, 陈锋. 灾难医学救援人员生存生活技能探讨. 中国急救复苏与灾害医学志, 2008, 3(6): 370-372.
12.	Moran CI, Britton NR. Emergency work experience and reactions to traumatic incidents. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 1994, 7(2): 576-577.
13.	Mitchell J. The impact of stress on emergency service personnel: Policy issues in emergency response. Duke University Press, 1988, 3: 199-214.
14.	Major B, Richards C, Cooper L. Personal resilience, cognitive appraisals and coping: An integrative model. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1998, 74(3): 735-752.
15.	Hytten K, Hasle A. Fire fighters: a study of stress and coping. Acta Psychiatric Scandinavica, 1989, 355(Suppl): 50–55.
16.	Hyman O. Perceived social support and secondary traumatic stress symptoms in emergency responders. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 2004, 17(2): 149-156.
17.	夏本立, 刘玉华, 冯正直, 等. 某部特殊作业人员应对方式、自我和谐与心理健康的相关性. 解放军预防医学杂志, 2007, 25(2): 105-108.
18.	李彦章, 李敏, 冯正直, 等. 军医大学生应对方式与自我和谐的关系. 中国临床康复, 2004, 8(6): 1144-1142.
19.	李艳薇. 女护生自我和谐性与应对方式的调查研究. 中国高等医学教育, 2007, 4: 10-11.
20.	李志凯, 崔冠宇, 赵俊峰, 等. 本科大学生自我和谐及其与应对方式的关系. 中国健康心理学杂志, 2006, 14(4): 380-381.

1. Regehr C. Crisis debriefing groups for emergency responders: Review the evidence. Brief Treatment and Crisis Intervention, 2001, 1: 87-100.
2. Figley CR. Compassion fatigue as secondary traumatic stress disorder: An overview. In C. R. Figley (Ed.), Compassion fatigue: Coping with secondary traumatic stress disorder in those who treat the traumatized. New York: Brunner/Mazel. 1995, 1-20.
3. Folkman, Lazarus RS, DunkelL-Schetter C, et al. Dynamics of a stressful encounter: cognitive appraisal, coping, and encounter outcomes. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1986, 50: 995-996.
4. Matthieu MM, Andre L. Using stress, appraisal, and coping theories in clinical practice: assessments of coping strategies after disasters. Brief Treatment and Crisis Intervention, 2006, 6: 340-341.
5. 汪向东, 王希林, 马弘等. 心理卫生评定量表手册(增订版). 1999, 109-114, 127-131, 314-317.
6. Collins S. Statutory social workers: stress, job satisfaction, coping, social support and individual differences. British Journal of Social Work, 2008, 38: 1173-1195.
7. 冯正直, 夏本立, 杨国愉, 等. 军人应对方式量表的常模及结果分析. 中国心理卫生杂志, 2006, 20(10): 667-670.
8. Beaton R, Murphy S, et al. Coping responses and posttraumatic stress symptomatology in urban fire service personnel. Traumatic Stress, 1999, 12(2): 293-294.
9. 郭赟, 何滔, 陈锋. 灾难医学救援人员生存生活技能探讨. 中国急救复苏与灾害医学志, 2008, 3(6): 370-372.
10. 王磊. 浅谈野外生存安全与急救. 中国学校体育, 2005, 4: 47-49.
11. 郭赟, 何滔, 陈锋. 灾难医学救援人员生存生活技能探讨. 中国急救复苏与灾害医学志, 2008, 3(6): 370-372.
12. Moran CI, Britton NR. Emergency work experience and reactions to traumatic incidents. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 1994, 7(2): 576-577.
13. Mitchell J. The impact of stress on emergency service personnel: Policy issues in emergency response. Duke University Press, 1988, 3: 199-214.
14. Major B, Richards C, Cooper L. Personal resilience, cognitive appraisals and coping: An integrative model. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1998, 74(3): 735-752.
15. Hytten K, Hasle A. Fire fighters: a study of stress and coping. Acta Psychiatric Scandinavica, 1989, 355(Suppl): 50–55.
16. Hyman O. Perceived social support and secondary traumatic stress symptoms in emergency responders. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 2004, 17(2): 149-156.
17. 夏本立, 刘玉华, 冯正直, 等. 某部特殊作业人员应对方式、自我和谐与心理健康的相关性. 解放军预防医学杂志, 2007, 25(2): 105-108.
18. 李彦章, 李敏, 冯正直, 等. 军医大学生应对方式与自我和谐的关系. 中国临床康复, 2004, 8(6): 1144-1142.
19. 李艳薇. 女护生自我和谐性与应对方式的调查研究. 中国高等医学教育, 2007, 4: 10-11.
20. 李志凯, 崔冠宇, 赵俊峰, 等. 本科大学生自我和谐及其与应对方式的关系. 中国健康心理学杂志, 2006, 14(4): 380-381.

Chinese Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine

A Study on Coping Styles and Influencing Factors in the Military Groups of Social Emergency Responders for Special Service

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