Objective 　To discuss the prevalence of melamine-induced urolithiasis in infants and its development and to formulate more effective diagnosis and treatment.
Methods 　A total of 402 cases of melamine-induced infantile urolithiasis were retrospectively analyzed with basic information, blood, urine, urinary B-mode ultrasonic diagnosis, treatment options and prognosis for infant urolithiasis.
Results 　A total of 402 cases of infants had an excessive melamine milk feeding history, in which there were 9 self-discharged cases. The largest calculus diameter was 4 mm × 5 mm × 6 mm. The smallest calculus diameter was 0.5 mm × 0.5 mm × 1 mm. The average calculus diameter was 1 mm × 2 mm × 2 mm. There were 30 cases of abnormal serum creatinine, 27 of abnormal urea, 2 of abnormal uric acid, and urine occult blood positive for 167 cases. There were 395 cases which were administrated medical treatment; 7 cases were administrated surgical treatment; 6 cases had obstructive renal failure.
Conclusion 　Infants whose age is more than six months but less than 12 months with a history of exposure to melamine have the larger risk of urolithiasis. B-mode ultrasonic diagnosis is practically significant on early screening urolithiasis. It is effective to perform surgical treatment for obstructive renal failure caused by calculus.

Citation： LI Guangjie,YUE Zhongjin,YANG Kehu,TIAN Junqiang,SHANG Panfeng,BAO Junsheng,LU Jianzhong,WANG Wei. Clinical Analysis of Infants in 402 Cases with Melamine-Induced Urolithiasis in Gansu Province. Chinese Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine, 2010, 10(1): 23-25. doi: 10.7507/1672-2531.20100061 Copy