SUPPORT Tools for evidence-informed health Policymaking (STP) 10: Taking equity into consideration when assessing the findings of a systematic review*_Chinese Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine

Authors：

Andrew D Oxman ¹ , John N Lavis ² , Simon Lewin ³ , Atle Fretheim ⁴

1. Norwegian Knowledge Centre for the Health Services; 2. Centre for Health Economics and Policy Analysis; 3. Norwegian Knowledge Centre for the Health Services; 4. Norwegian Knowledge Centre for the Health Services;

Corresponding author：

Keywords：

DOI：

10.7507/1672-2531.20100418

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Citation： Andrew D Oxman,John N Lavis,Simon Lewin,Atle Fretheim. SUPPORT Tools for evidence-informed health Policymaking (STP) 10: Taking equity into consideration when assessing the findings of a systematic review*. Chinese Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine, 2010, 10(4): 405-411. doi: 10.7507/1672-2531.20100418 Copy

1.	Lavis JN, Oxman AD, Lewin S, et al. SUPPORT Tools for evidenceinformed health Policymaking (STP). Introduction. Health Res Policy Syst, 2009, 7(Suppl 1): I1.
2.	Oxman AD, Lavis JN, Lewin S, et al. SUPPORT Tools for evidenceinformed health Policymaking (STP). 1. What is evidence-informed policymaking. Health Res Policy Syst, 2009, 7(Suppl 1): S1.
3.	Braveman P, Gruskin S. Defining equity in health. J Epidemiol Community Health, 2003, 57: 254-258.
4.	Whitehead M. The concepts and principles of equity and health. Int J Health Serv, 1992, 22: 429-445.
5.	Marmot M. Social determinants of health inequalities. Lancet, 2005, 365: 1099-1104.
6.	Wilkinson R, Marmot M. Social determinants of health. The solid facts 1998 [http://www.euro.who.int/DOCUMENT/E81384.PDF]. Copenhagen: World Health Organization.
7.	Kahn KL, Pearson M, Harrison ER, et al. Analysis of Quality of Care for Patients Who Are Black or Poor in Rural and Urban Settings 1993 [http://www.rand.org/cgi-bin/health/showab.cgi?key=MR- 292-HCFA&year=1993]. Santa Monica: RAND.
8.	Scott J, Marshall G. A dictionary of sociology Oxford: Oxford University Press; 2009.
9.	Howes F, Doyle J, Jackson N, et al. Evidence-based public health: The importance of finding ’difficult to locate’ public health and health promotion intervention studies for systematic reviews. J Public Health, 2004, 26(1): 101-104.
10.	Tugwell P, Maxwell L, Robinson V, et al. Is health equity considered in systematic reviews of the Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group? 15th Cochrane Colloquium, Sao Paulo, Brazil (October, 2007). [http://www.mrw.interscience.wiley.com/cochrane/clcmr/articles/ CMR-11272/frame.html].
11.	Ogilvie D, Petticrew M. Reducing social inequalities in smoking: can evidence inform policy? A pilot study. Tob Control, 2004, 13: 129-131.
12.	Mackenbach JP. Tackling inequalities in health: the need for building a systematic evidence base. J Epidemiol Community Health, 2003, 57: 162.
13.	Gruen R, Bailie R, McDonald E, et al. The potential of systematic reviews to identify diversity and inequity in health care interventions. 11th Cochrane Colloquium, Barcelona, Spain (October, 2003).
14.	Tsikata S, Robinson V, Petticrew M, et al. Do Cochrane systematic reviews contain useful information about health equity? 11th Cochrane Colloquium, Barcelona, Spain (October, 2003) [http:// www.mrw.inter science.wiley.com/cochrane/clcmr/articles/ CMR-5123/frame.html].
15.	Thomson H, Petticrew M, Douglas M. Health impact assessment of housing improvements: incorporating research evidence. J Epidemiol Community Health, 2003, 57: 11-16.
16.	Cooper H, Hedges L. The Handbook of Research Synthesis New York: Russel Sage Foundation; 1994.
17.	Shadish W. Meta-analysis and the exploration of causal mediating processes: A primer of examples, methods, and issues. Psychological Methods, 1996, 1(): 47-65.
18.	Davey SG, Egger M, Phillips AN. Meta-analysis. Beyond the grand mean? BMJ, 1997, 315: 1610-1614.
19.	Thompson S. Why and how sources of heterogeneity should be investigated. In Systematic Reviews in Health Care: Meta-analysis in context Edited by: Egger M, Davey SG, Altman DG. London: BMJ Books; 2001: 157-175.
20.	Deeks JJ, Higgins JPT, Altman DG, Eds. Investigating heterogeneity. Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 5.0.1 (updated September 2008) 2008 [http://www. cochrane-hand book.org]. Oxford: Cochrane Collaboration.
21.	Oxman AD, Guyatt G. A consumers’ guide to subgroup analyses. Ann Intern Med, 1992, 116: 78-84.
22.	Guyatt G, Wyer P, Ioannidis J. When to believe a subgroup analysis. In Users’ Guide to the Medical Literature. A Manual for Evidence Based Clinical Practice Edited by: Guyatt G, Rennie D, Meade MO, Cook DJ. New York: McGraw Hill; 2008: 571-593.
23.	Efron B, Morris C. Stein’s paradox in statistics. Scientific American, 1977, 236: 119-127.
24.	Brookes ST, Whitley E, Peters TJ, et al. Subgroup analyses in randomised controlled trials: quantifying the risks of false-positives and false-negatives. Health Technol Assess, 2001, 5: 1-56.
25.	Lavis JN, Oxman AD, Souza NM, et al. SUPPORT Tools for evidence-informed health Policymaking (STP). 9. Assessing the applicability of the findings of a systematic review. Health Res Policy Syst, 2009, 7(Suppl 1): S9.
26.	Commission on Social Determinants of Health: Closing the gap in a generation: Health equity through action on the social determinants of health 2008 [http://www.who.int/social_determinants/en/ ]. Geneva: World Health Organization.
27.	Hardon A. Ten best readings in ... the Bamako Initiative. Health Policy and Planning, 1990, 5(2): 186-189.
28.	Creese A, Kutzin J. Lessons from cost recovery in health. In Marketizing education and health in developing countries, miracle or mirage? Edited by: Colclough C. Oxford: Clarendon Press; 1997: 37-62.
29.	Ridde V. Fees-for-services, cost recovery, and equity in a district of Burkina Faso operating the Bamako Initiative. Bull World Health Organ, 2003, 81: 532-538.
30.	Austvoll-Dahlgren A, Aaserud M, Vist G, et al. Pharmaceutical policies: effects of cap and copayment on rational drug use. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2008, 1: CD007017.
31.	Victora CG, Wagstaff A, Schellenberg JA, et al. Applying an equity lens to child health and mortality: more of the same is not enough. Lancet, 2003, 362: 233-241.

1. Lavis JN, Oxman AD, Lewin S, et al. SUPPORT Tools for evidenceinformed health Policymaking (STP). Introduction. Health Res Policy Syst, 2009, 7(Suppl 1): I1.
2. Oxman AD, Lavis JN, Lewin S, et al. SUPPORT Tools for evidenceinformed health Policymaking (STP). 1. What is evidence-informed policymaking. Health Res Policy Syst, 2009, 7(Suppl 1): S1.
3. Braveman P, Gruskin S. Defining equity in health. J Epidemiol Community Health, 2003, 57: 254-258.
4. Whitehead M. The concepts and principles of equity and health. Int J Health Serv, 1992, 22: 429-445.
5. Marmot M. Social determinants of health inequalities. Lancet, 2005, 365: 1099-1104.
6. Wilkinson R, Marmot M. Social determinants of health. The solid facts 1998 [http://www.euro.who.int/DOCUMENT/E81384.PDF]. Copenhagen: World Health Organization.
7. Kahn KL, Pearson M, Harrison ER, et al. Analysis of Quality of Care for Patients Who Are Black or Poor in Rural and Urban Settings 1993 [http://www.rand.org/cgi-bin/health/showab.cgi?key=MR- 292-HCFA&year=1993]. Santa Monica: RAND.
8. Scott J, Marshall G. A dictionary of sociology Oxford: Oxford University Press; 2009.
9. Howes F, Doyle J, Jackson N, et al. Evidence-based public health: The importance of finding ’difficult to locate’ public health and health promotion intervention studies for systematic reviews. J Public Health, 2004, 26(1): 101-104.
10. Tugwell P, Maxwell L, Robinson V, et al. Is health equity considered in systematic reviews of the Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group? 15th Cochrane Colloquium, Sao Paulo, Brazil (October, 2007). [http://www.mrw.interscience.wiley.com/cochrane/clcmr/articles/ CMR-11272/frame.html].
11. Ogilvie D, Petticrew M. Reducing social inequalities in smoking: can evidence inform policy? A pilot study. Tob Control, 2004, 13: 129-131.
12. Mackenbach JP. Tackling inequalities in health: the need for building a systematic evidence base. J Epidemiol Community Health, 2003, 57: 162.
13. Gruen R, Bailie R, McDonald E, et al. The potential of systematic reviews to identify diversity and inequity in health care interventions. 11th Cochrane Colloquium, Barcelona, Spain (October, 2003).
14. Tsikata S, Robinson V, Petticrew M, et al. Do Cochrane systematic reviews contain useful information about health equity? 11th Cochrane Colloquium, Barcelona, Spain (October, 2003) [http:// www.mrw.inter science.wiley.com/cochrane/clcmr/articles/ CMR-5123/frame.html].
15. Thomson H, Petticrew M, Douglas M. Health impact assessment of housing improvements: incorporating research evidence. J Epidemiol Community Health, 2003, 57: 11-16.
16. Cooper H, Hedges L. The Handbook of Research Synthesis New York: Russel Sage Foundation; 1994.
17. Shadish W. Meta-analysis and the exploration of causal mediating processes: A primer of examples, methods, and issues. Psychological Methods, 1996, 1(): 47-65.
18. Davey SG, Egger M, Phillips AN. Meta-analysis. Beyond the grand mean? BMJ, 1997, 315: 1610-1614.
19. Thompson S. Why and how sources of heterogeneity should be investigated. In Systematic Reviews in Health Care: Meta-analysis in context Edited by: Egger M, Davey SG, Altman DG. London: BMJ Books; 2001: 157-175.
20. Deeks JJ, Higgins JPT, Altman DG, Eds. Investigating heterogeneity. Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 5.0.1 (updated September 2008) 2008 [http://www. cochrane-hand book.org]. Oxford: Cochrane Collaboration.
21. Oxman AD, Guyatt G. A consumers’ guide to subgroup analyses. Ann Intern Med, 1992, 116: 78-84.
22. Guyatt G, Wyer P, Ioannidis J. When to believe a subgroup analysis. In Users’ Guide to the Medical Literature. A Manual for Evidence Based Clinical Practice Edited by: Guyatt G, Rennie D, Meade MO, Cook DJ. New York: McGraw Hill; 2008: 571-593.
23. Efron B, Morris C. Stein’s paradox in statistics. Scientific American, 1977, 236: 119-127.
24. Brookes ST, Whitley E, Peters TJ, et al. Subgroup analyses in randomised controlled trials: quantifying the risks of false-positives and false-negatives. Health Technol Assess, 2001, 5: 1-56.
25. Lavis JN, Oxman AD, Souza NM, et al. SUPPORT Tools for evidence-informed health Policymaking (STP). 9. Assessing the applicability of the findings of a systematic review. Health Res Policy Syst, 2009, 7(Suppl 1): S9.
26. Commission on Social Determinants of Health: Closing the gap in a generation: Health equity through action on the social determinants of health 2008 [http://www.who.int/social_determinants/en/ ]. Geneva: World Health Organization.
27. Hardon A. Ten best readings in ... the Bamako Initiative. Health Policy and Planning, 1990, 5(2): 186-189.
28. Creese A, Kutzin J. Lessons from cost recovery in health. In Marketizing education and health in developing countries, miracle or mirage? Edited by: Colclough C. Oxford: Clarendon Press; 1997: 37-62.
29. Ridde V. Fees-for-services, cost recovery, and equity in a district of Burkina Faso operating the Bamako Initiative. Bull World Health Organ, 2003, 81: 532-538.
30. Austvoll-Dahlgren A, Aaserud M, Vist G, et al. Pharmaceutical policies: effects of cap and copayment on rational drug use. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2008, 1: CD007017.
31. Victora CG, Wagstaff A, Schellenberg JA, et al. Applying an equity lens to child health and mortality: more of the same is not enough. Lancet, 2003, 362: 233-241.

Chinese Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine

SUPPORT Tools for evidence-informed health Policymaking (STP) 10: Taking equity into consideration when assessing the findings of a systematic review*

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