SUPPORT Tools for Evidence-informed Policymaking in health 18: Planning monitoring and evaluation of policies*_Chinese Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine

Authors：

Atle Fretheim ¹ , Andrew D Oxman ² , John N Lavis ³ , Simon Lewin ⁴

1. Norwegian Knowledge Centre for the Health Services;2. Norwegian Knowledge Centre for the Health Services;3. Centre for Health Economics and Policy Analysis;4. Norwegian Knowledge Centre for the Health Services;

Corresponding author：

Keywords：

DOI：

10.7507/1672-2531.20100443

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“监测”一词常用于描述这样的过程，即系统地收集数据以告知决策者、管理者及其他利益相关者一项新政策或规划的实施是否符合其预期。出于监测的目的而使用指标作出相关判断，如是否达到预期目标，或是否恰当地使用所分配的资金。有时“评估”一词可与“监测”一词互换，但前者常更强调结果的获得。当使用“效果评估”一词时，常指特别尝试设法去确定观察到的结果变化是否可归因于特定的政策或规划。我们在本文中提出能用于指导政策或规划监测与评估的四个问题：① 是否有必要监测？② 应测量什么？③ 是否应开展效果评估？④ 如何进行效果评估?

Citation： Atle Fretheim,Andrew D Oxman,John N Lavis,Simon Lewin. SUPPORT Tools for Evidence-informed Policymaking in health 18: Planning monitoring and evaluation of policies*. Chinese Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine, 2010, 10(5): 539-544. doi: 10.7507/1672-2531.20100443 Copy

1.	Lavis JN, Oxman AD, Lewin S, et al. SUPPORT Tools for evidenceinformed health Policymaking (STP). Introduction. Health Res Policy Syst, 2009, 7(Suppl 1): I1.
2.	Development Assistance Committee Working Party on Aid Evaluation: Glossary of Key Terms in Evaluation and Results Based Management 2002 [http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/29/21/2754804. pdf]. Paris,OECD Publications.
3.	Harries AD, Gomani P, Teck R, et al. Monitoring the response to antiretroviral therapy in resource-poor settings: the Malawi model. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 2004, 98: 695-701.
4.	Jakobsen E, Palshof T, Osterlind K, et al. Data from anational lung cancer registry contributes to improve outcome and quality of surgery: Danish results. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg, 2009, 35: 348-352.
5.	Smith PC, Mossialos E, Papanicolas I. Performance measurement for health system improvement: experiences, challenges and prospects. Background Document for WHO European Ministerial Conference on Health Systems: "Health Systems, Health and Wealth" 2008 [http://www.euro.who.int/document/hsm/2_hsc08_ebd2.pdf]. Copenhagen, World Health Organization, Europe.
6.	Campbell SM, Braspenning J, Hutchinson A, et al. Research methods used in developing and applying quality indicators in primary care. Qual Saf Health Care, 2002, 11: 358-364.
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9.	Moynihan R, Oxman A, Lavis JN, et al. Evidence-Informed Health Policy: Using Research to Make Health Systems Healthier. Rapport nr. 1-2008 2008 [http://www.kunnskapssenteret.no/ Publikasjoner/469.cms]. Oslo, Nasjonalt kunnskapssenter for helsetjenesten.
10.	Frenk J, Gonzalez-Pier E, Gomez-Dantes O, et al. Comprehensive reform to improve health system performance in Mexico. Lancet, 2006, 368: 1524-1534.
11.	Gakidou E, Lozano R, Gonzalez-Pier E, et al. Assessing the effect of the 2001-06 Mexican health reform: an interim report card. Lancet, 2006, 368: 1920-1935.
12.	Frenk J. Bridging the divide: global lessons from evidence-based health policy in Mexico. Lancet, 2006, 368: 954-961.
13.	Rivera JA, Sotres-Alvarez D, Habicht JP, et al. Impact of the Mexican program for education, health, and nutrition (Progresa) on rates of growth and anemia in infants and young children: a randomized effectiveness study. JAMA, 2004, 291: 2563-2570.
14.	Savedoff WD, Levine R, Birdsall N. When will we ever learn? Improving lives through impact evaluation 2006 [http://www.cgdev. org/files/7973_file_WillWeEverLearn.pdf]. Washington DC, Center for Global Development.
15.	Shadish WR, Cook TD, Campbell DT. Experimental and Quasi- Experimental Desings for Generalized Causal Inference Houghton Mifflin; 2002.
16.	Oxman AD, Fretheim A, Lavis JN, et al. SUPPORT Tools for evidence-informed health Policymaking (STP). 12. Finding and using research evidence about resource use and costs. Health Res Policy Syst, 2009, 7(Suppl 1): S12.
17.	Lewin S, Glenton C, Oxman AD. Use of qualitative methods alongside randomised controlled trials of complex healthcare interventions: methodological study. BMJ, 2009, 339: b3496.
18.	Oxman AD, Lavis JN, Fretheim A, et al. SUPPORT Tools for evidence-informed health Policymaking (STP). 17. Dealing with insufficient research evidence. Health Res Policy Syst, 2009, 7(Suppl 1): S17.
19.	Scheel IB, Hagen KB, Oxman AD. The unbearable lightness of healthcare policy making: a description of a process aimed at giving it some weight. J Epidemiol Community Health, 2003, 57: 483-487.
20.	Amuron B, Coutinho A, Grosskurth H, et al. A cluster-randomised trial to compare home-based with health facility-based antiretroviral treatment in Uganda: study design and baseline findings. Open AIDS J, 2007, 1: 21-27.
21.	Jaffar S, Amuron B, Birungi J, et al. Integrating research into routine service delivery in an antiretroviral treatment programme: lessons learnt from a cluster randomized trial comparing strategies of HIV care in Jinja, Uganda. Trop Med Int Health, 2008,13: 795-800.
22.	London School of Hygiene and Tropical Evidence: Home-based HIV care just as effective as clinic-based care in Sub-saharan Africa 2009 [http://www.lshtm.ac.uk/news/2009/homeHIVcare.html]. London School of Hygiene and Tropical Evidence, University of London.
23.	Fretheim A, Havelsrud K, MacLennan G, et al. The effects of mandatory prescribing of thiazides for newly treated, uncomplicated hypertension: interrupted time-series analysis. PLoS Med, 2007, 4: e232.

1. Lavis JN, Oxman AD, Lewin S, et al. SUPPORT Tools for evidenceinformed health Policymaking (STP). Introduction. Health Res Policy Syst, 2009, 7(Suppl 1): I1.
2. Development Assistance Committee Working Party on Aid Evaluation: Glossary of Key Terms in Evaluation and Results Based Management 2002 [http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/29/21/2754804. pdf]. Paris,OECD Publications.
3. Harries AD, Gomani P, Teck R, et al. Monitoring the response to antiretroviral therapy in resource-poor settings: the Malawi model. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 2004, 98: 695-701.
4. Jakobsen E, Palshof T, Osterlind K, et al. Data from anational lung cancer registry contributes to improve outcome and quality of surgery: Danish results. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg, 2009, 35: 348-352.
5. Smith PC, Mossialos E, Papanicolas I. Performance measurement for health system improvement: experiences, challenges and prospects. Background Document for WHO European Ministerial Conference on Health Systems: "Health Systems, Health and Wealth" 2008 [http://www.euro.who.int/document/hsm/2_hsc08_ebd2.pdf]. Copenhagen, World Health Organization, Europe.
6. Campbell SM, Braspenning J, Hutchinson A, et al. Research methods used in developing and applying quality indicators in primary care. Qual Saf Health Care, 2002, 11: 358-364.
7. MacKay K. How to Build M&E Systems to Support Better Government 2007 [http://www.worldbank.org/ieg/ecd/docs/ How_to_build_ME_gov.pdf ]. Washington DC, The World Bank.
8. The World Bank: Impact evaluation: Overview 2009 [http:// go.world bank.org/2DHMCRFFT2]. The World Bank.
9. Moynihan R, Oxman A, Lavis JN, et al. Evidence-Informed Health Policy: Using Research to Make Health Systems Healthier. Rapport nr. 1-2008 2008 [http://www.kunnskapssenteret.no/ Publikasjoner/469.cms]. Oslo, Nasjonalt kunnskapssenter for helsetjenesten.
10. Frenk J, Gonzalez-Pier E, Gomez-Dantes O, et al. Comprehensive reform to improve health system performance in Mexico. Lancet, 2006, 368: 1524-1534.
11. Gakidou E, Lozano R, Gonzalez-Pier E, et al. Assessing the effect of the 2001-06 Mexican health reform: an interim report card. Lancet, 2006, 368: 1920-1935.
12. Frenk J. Bridging the divide: global lessons from evidence-based health policy in Mexico. Lancet, 2006, 368: 954-961.
13. Rivera JA, Sotres-Alvarez D, Habicht JP, et al. Impact of the Mexican program for education, health, and nutrition (Progresa) on rates of growth and anemia in infants and young children: a randomized effectiveness study. JAMA, 2004, 291: 2563-2570.
14. Savedoff WD, Levine R, Birdsall N. When will we ever learn? Improving lives through impact evaluation 2006 [http://www.cgdev. org/files/7973_file_WillWeEverLearn.pdf]. Washington DC, Center for Global Development.
15. Shadish WR, Cook TD, Campbell DT. Experimental and Quasi- Experimental Desings for Generalized Causal Inference Houghton Mifflin; 2002.
16. Oxman AD, Fretheim A, Lavis JN, et al. SUPPORT Tools for evidence-informed health Policymaking (STP). 12. Finding and using research evidence about resource use and costs. Health Res Policy Syst, 2009, 7(Suppl 1): S12.
17. Lewin S, Glenton C, Oxman AD. Use of qualitative methods alongside randomised controlled trials of complex healthcare interventions: methodological study. BMJ, 2009, 339: b3496.
18. Oxman AD, Lavis JN, Fretheim A, et al. SUPPORT Tools for evidence-informed health Policymaking (STP). 17. Dealing with insufficient research evidence. Health Res Policy Syst, 2009, 7(Suppl 1): S17.
19. Scheel IB, Hagen KB, Oxman AD. The unbearable lightness of healthcare policy making: a description of a process aimed at giving it some weight. J Epidemiol Community Health, 2003, 57: 483-487.
20. Amuron B, Coutinho A, Grosskurth H, et al. A cluster-randomised trial to compare home-based with health facility-based antiretroviral treatment in Uganda: study design and baseline findings. Open AIDS J, 2007, 1: 21-27.
21. Jaffar S, Amuron B, Birungi J, et al. Integrating research into routine service delivery in an antiretroviral treatment programme: lessons learnt from a cluster randomized trial comparing strategies of HIV care in Jinja, Uganda. Trop Med Int Health, 2008,13: 795-800.
22. London School of Hygiene and Tropical Evidence: Home-based HIV care just as effective as clinic-based care in Sub-saharan Africa 2009 [http://www.lshtm.ac.uk/news/2009/homeHIVcare.html]. London School of Hygiene and Tropical Evidence, University of London.
23. Fretheim A, Havelsrud K, MacLennan G, et al. The effects of mandatory prescribing of thiazides for newly treated, uncomplicated hypertension: interrupted time-series analysis. PLoS Med, 2007, 4: e232.

Chinese Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine

SUPPORT Tools for Evidence-informed Policymaking in health 18: Planning monitoring and evaluation of policies*

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