Influencing Factors Related to Sun Protection in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review_Chinese Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine

Authors：

 LIChen , ZHENGXiao-qing , LIUQin ,  WANGHong

School of Public Health and Management/Medicine and Social Development Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China;

Corresponding author：

WANGHong, Email: wangh111111@aliyun.com

Keywords：

Children and adolescent; Sun protection; Influencing factor; Systematic review; Cross-sectional study

DOI：

10.7507/1672-2531.20140230

Video：

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Objective To analyze research status of influencing factors related to sun-protection problems in children and adolescents, and systematically review the influencing factors. Methods We electronically searched the following databases including The Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Knowledge, Ovid, EBSCO, EMbase, CBM, CNKI, VIP and WanFang Data to collect cross-sectional studies on sun-protection problems in children and adolescents up to December 2012. The criteria for cross-sectional studies recommended by AHQR was applied in the assessment of included studies. Then, qualitative analysis methods were used to systematically summarize information and results of the included studies. Results A total of 10 studies were included. The results showed that, the influencing factors of sun-protection behaviour in children and adolescents included gender, age, skin colour, eye colour, the mass media information, school health education, etc., of which, researches on gender, grade, light skin, eye colour were relatively more. Conclusion At present, there are many studies about influencing factors related to sun-protection problems in children and adolescents while the target influencing factors differ in regions.

Citation： LIChen, ZHENGXiao-qing, LIUQin, WANGHong. Influencing Factors Related to Sun Protection in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review. Chinese Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine, 2014, 14(12): 1429-1433. doi: 10.7507/1672-2531.20140230 Copy

1.	Mackie RM, Aitchison T. Severe sunburn and subsequent risk of primary malignant melanoma in Scotland. Br J Cancer, 1982, 46(6):955-960.
2.	Gallagher RP, Hill GB, Bajdik CD, et al. Sunlight exposure pigmentary factor sand risk of nonmelanocytic skin cancer. Arch Dermatol, 1995, 131(2):157-163.
3.	曾宪涛, 刘慧, 陈曦, 等. Meta分析系列之四:观察性研究的质量评价工具.中国循证心血管医学杂志, 2012, 4(4):297-299.
4.	Bandi P, Cokkinides VE, Weinstock MA, et al. Physician sun protection counseling:Prevalence, correlates, and association with sun protection practices among US adolescents and their parents. Preventive Medicine, 2010, 51(2):172-177.
5.	Cokkinides VE, Weinstock MA, Cardinez CJ, et al. Sun-safe practices in U.S. youth and their parents. Preventive Medicine, 2004, 26(2):147-151.
6.	Dobbinson S, Wakefield M, Hill D, et al. Prevalence and determinants of Australian adolescents' and adults' weekend sun protection and sunburn, summer 2003-2004. J Am Acad Dermatol, 2008, 59(4):602-614.
7.	Fehér K, Cercato MC, Prantner I, et al. Skin cancer risk factors among primary school children:Investigations in Western Hungary. Preventive Medicine, 2010, 51(3-4):320-324.
8.	Lowe JB, Borland R, Stanton WR, et al. Sun-safe behavier among secondary school students in Australia. Health Educ Res, 2000, 15(3):271-281.
9.	Olson AL, Dietrich AJ, Sox CH, et al. Solar Protection of Children at the Beach. Pediatrics, 1997, 99(6):1-5.
10.	Tempark T, Chatproedprai S, Wananukul S. Attitudes, knowledge, and behaviors of secondary school adolescents regarding protection from sun exposure:a survey in Bangkok, Thailand. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed, 2012, 28:200-206.
11.	Reinau D, Meier C, Gerber N, et al. Sun protective behaviour of primary and secondary school students in North-Western Switzerland. Swiss Medical Weekly, 2012, 142:w13520.
12.	Wright C, Reeder AI, Gray A, et al. Child sun protection:Sun-related attitudes mediate the association between children's knowledge and behaviours. J Paediatr Child Health, 2008, 44(12):692-698.
13.	Severi G, Cattaruzza MS, Baqlietto L, et al. Sun exposure and sun protection in young European children:an EORTC multicentric study. Eur J Cancer, 2002, 38(6):820-826.
14.	Aquilina S, Gauci AA, Ellul M, et al. Sun awareness in Maltese secondary school students. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol, 2004, 8(6):670-675.
15.	Araujo-Soares V, Rodrigues A, Presseau J, et al. Adolescent sunscreen use in springtime:a prospective predictive study informed by a belief elicitation investigation. J Behav Med, 2012, 36(2):109-123.
16.	Balato N, Gaudiello F, Balato A, et al. Sun habits in the children of Southern Italy. J Am Acad Dermatol, 2007, 57(5):883-887.
17.	Cheng CE, Irwin B, Mauriello D, et al. Health Disparities Among Different Ethnic and Racial Middle and High School Students in Sun Exposure Beliefs and Knowledge. J Adolesc Health, 2010, 47(1):106-109.
18.	Cohen L, Brown J, Haukness H, et al. Sun Protection Counseling by Pediatricians has Little Effect on Parent and Child Sun Protection Behavior. Journal Pediatr, 2013, 162(2):381-386.
19.	Dobbinson S, Wakefield M, Hill D, et al. Children's sun exposure and sun protection:Prevalence in Australia and related parental factors. J Am Acad Dermatol, 2012, 66(6):938-947.
20.	Hoerster KD, Mayer JA, Woodruff SI, et al. The influence of parents and peers on adolescent indoor tanning behavior:Findings from a multi-city sample. J Am Acad Dermatol, 2007, 57(6):990-997.
21.	Li J, Uter W, Pfahlberg A, et al. A comparison of patterns of sun protection during beach holidays and everyday outdoor activities in a population sample of young German children. Br J Dermatol, 2012, 166(4):803-810.
22.	Pakrou N, Casson R, Fung S, et al. South Australian adolescent ophthalmic sun protective behaviours. Eye, 2006, 22(6):808-814.
23.	ÖZtas P, Ilhan MN, Polat M, et al. Clinical and Dermoscopic Characteristics of Melanocytic Nevi in Turkish Children and Their Relationship with Environmental and Constitutional Factors. Dermatol Surg, 2007, 33(5):607-613.
24.	Morris JM, Gould D, Bennett S, et al. Sun protection initiatives in Cornwall. Clin Exp Dermatol, 2005, 30(4):340-343.
25.	Potente S, Coppa K, Williams A, et al. Legally brown:using ethnographic methods to understand sun protection attitudes and behaviours among young Australians 'I didn't mean to get burnt-it just happened!'. Health Educ Res, 2010, 26(1):39-52.

1. Mackie RM, Aitchison T. Severe sunburn and subsequent risk of primary malignant melanoma in Scotland. Br J Cancer, 1982, 46(6):955-960.
2. Gallagher RP, Hill GB, Bajdik CD, et al. Sunlight exposure pigmentary factor sand risk of nonmelanocytic skin cancer. Arch Dermatol, 1995, 131(2):157-163.
3. 曾宪涛, 刘慧, 陈曦, 等. Meta分析系列之四:观察性研究的质量评价工具.中国循证心血管医学杂志, 2012, 4(4):297-299.
4. Bandi P, Cokkinides VE, Weinstock MA, et al. Physician sun protection counseling:Prevalence, correlates, and association with sun protection practices among US adolescents and their parents. Preventive Medicine, 2010, 51(2):172-177.
5. Cokkinides VE, Weinstock MA, Cardinez CJ, et al. Sun-safe practices in U.S. youth and their parents. Preventive Medicine, 2004, 26(2):147-151.
6. Dobbinson S, Wakefield M, Hill D, et al. Prevalence and determinants of Australian adolescents' and adults' weekend sun protection and sunburn, summer 2003-2004. J Am Acad Dermatol, 2008, 59(4):602-614.
7. Fehér K, Cercato MC, Prantner I, et al. Skin cancer risk factors among primary school children:Investigations in Western Hungary. Preventive Medicine, 2010, 51(3-4):320-324.
8. Lowe JB, Borland R, Stanton WR, et al. Sun-safe behavier among secondary school students in Australia. Health Educ Res, 2000, 15(3):271-281.
9. Olson AL, Dietrich AJ, Sox CH, et al. Solar Protection of Children at the Beach. Pediatrics, 1997, 99(6):1-5.
10. Tempark T, Chatproedprai S, Wananukul S. Attitudes, knowledge, and behaviors of secondary school adolescents regarding protection from sun exposure:a survey in Bangkok, Thailand. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed, 2012, 28:200-206.
11. Reinau D, Meier C, Gerber N, et al. Sun protective behaviour of primary and secondary school students in North-Western Switzerland. Swiss Medical Weekly, 2012, 142:w13520.
12. Wright C, Reeder AI, Gray A, et al. Child sun protection:Sun-related attitudes mediate the association between children's knowledge and behaviours. J Paediatr Child Health, 2008, 44(12):692-698.
13. Severi G, Cattaruzza MS, Baqlietto L, et al. Sun exposure and sun protection in young European children:an EORTC multicentric study. Eur J Cancer, 2002, 38(6):820-826.
14. Aquilina S, Gauci AA, Ellul M, et al. Sun awareness in Maltese secondary school students. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol, 2004, 8(6):670-675.
15. Araujo-Soares V, Rodrigues A, Presseau J, et al. Adolescent sunscreen use in springtime:a prospective predictive study informed by a belief elicitation investigation. J Behav Med, 2012, 36(2):109-123.
16. Balato N, Gaudiello F, Balato A, et al. Sun habits in the children of Southern Italy. J Am Acad Dermatol, 2007, 57(5):883-887.
17. Cheng CE, Irwin B, Mauriello D, et al. Health Disparities Among Different Ethnic and Racial Middle and High School Students in Sun Exposure Beliefs and Knowledge. J Adolesc Health, 2010, 47(1):106-109.
18. Cohen L, Brown J, Haukness H, et al. Sun Protection Counseling by Pediatricians has Little Effect on Parent and Child Sun Protection Behavior. Journal Pediatr, 2013, 162(2):381-386.
19. Dobbinson S, Wakefield M, Hill D, et al. Children's sun exposure and sun protection:Prevalence in Australia and related parental factors. J Am Acad Dermatol, 2012, 66(6):938-947.
20. Hoerster KD, Mayer JA, Woodruff SI, et al. The influence of parents and peers on adolescent indoor tanning behavior:Findings from a multi-city sample. J Am Acad Dermatol, 2007, 57(6):990-997.
21. Li J, Uter W, Pfahlberg A, et al. A comparison of patterns of sun protection during beach holidays and everyday outdoor activities in a population sample of young German children. Br J Dermatol, 2012, 166(4):803-810.
22. Pakrou N, Casson R, Fung S, et al. South Australian adolescent ophthalmic sun protective behaviours. Eye, 2006, 22(6):808-814.
23. ÖZtas P, Ilhan MN, Polat M, et al. Clinical and Dermoscopic Characteristics of Melanocytic Nevi in Turkish Children and Their Relationship with Environmental and Constitutional Factors. Dermatol Surg, 2007, 33(5):607-613.
24. Morris JM, Gould D, Bennett S, et al. Sun protection initiatives in Cornwall. Clin Exp Dermatol, 2005, 30(4):340-343.
25. Potente S, Coppa K, Williams A, et al. Legally brown:using ethnographic methods to understand sun protection attitudes and behaviours among young Australians 'I didn't mean to get burnt-it just happened!'. Health Educ Res, 2010, 26(1):39-52.

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