Analysis and application of avoidable mortality in health evaluation_Chinese Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine

Authors：

LI Xiu ¹ , WANG Xinguo ² ,  FANG Bo ³

1. School of Nursing and Health Management, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, P. R. China;
2. College of Public Health, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, P. R. China;
3. Department of Vital Statistics, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, P. R. China;

Corresponding author：

FANG Bo, Email: fangbo@scdc.sh.cn

Keywords：

Avoidable mortality; Health policy; Health service; Research progress

DOI：

10.7507/1672-2531.202207129

Video：

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Avoidable mortality (AM) is an important indicator of health system performance. It is also an effective tool for evaluating the effectiveness of health measures and allocation of health resources. The concept development, analytical methods, and research contents of avoidable mortality are introduced in this study. This study investigated the applicability of avoidable mortality analysis in determining priority health-service intervention areas, determining priority health-service intervention populations and evaluating the quality of those services. This paper also discussed the significance and limitations of avoidable mortality analysis. The investigation provided references for further research and application of avoidable mortality analysis.

Citation： LI Xiu, WANG Xinguo, FANG Bo. Analysis and application of avoidable mortality in health evaluation. Chinese Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine, 2022, 22(12): 1467-1473. doi: 10.7507/1672-2531.202207129 Copy

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2.	Rutstein DD, Berenberg W, Chalmers TC, et al. Measuring the quality of medical care: second revision of tables of indexes. N Engl J Med, 1980, 302(20): 1146.
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4.	Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Avoidable mortality: OECD/Eurostat lists of preventable and treatable causes of death. Available at: https://www.oecd.org/health/health-systems/Avoidable-mortality-2019-Joint-OECD-Eurostat-List-preventable-treatable-causes-of-death.pdf.
5.	Westerling R, Smedby B. The European Community 'avoidable death indicators' in Sweden 1974-1985. Int J Epidemiol, 1992, 21(3): 502-510.
6.	Westerling R. Trends in "avoidable" mortality in Sweden, 1974-1985. J Epidemiol Community Health, 1992, 46(5): 489-493.
7.	Westerling R. "Avoidable" causes of death in Sweden 1974-85. Qual Assur Health Care, 1992, 4(4): 319-328.
8.	Charlton JR, Hartley RM, Silver R, et al. Geographical variation in mortality from conditions amenable to medical intervention in England and Wales. Lancet, 1983, 1(8326 Pt 1): 691-696.
9.	Holland W. European Community atlas of avoidable death (1^st edition). Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1988.
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11.	Holland W. European Community atlas of avoidable death (3^rd edition). Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997.
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13.	Nolte E, McKee M. Variations in amenable mortality-trends in 16 high-income nations. Health Policy, 2011, 103(1): 47-52.
14.	Kim W, Jang S, Lee G, et al. Disparities in cancer-related avoidable mortality by the level of area deprivation in South Korea. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2021, 18(15): 7856.
15.	Souza LG, Siviero PCL. Sex differentials in avoidable mortality and potential life expectancy gains in São Paulo, SP, Brazil: a cross-sectional study of the period 2014-2016. Epidemiol Serv Saude, 2020, 29(3): e2018451.
16.	Knaul FM, Arreola-Ornelas H, Rodriguez NM, et al. Avoidable mortality: the core of the global cancer divide. J Glob Oncol, 2018, 4: 1-12.
17.	曾梦君, 吴颖岚, 陈霞, 等. 2010—2019年湖南省孕产妇死亡变化趋势及影响因素分析. 现代预防医学, 2021, 48(2): 241-244.
18.	Kale PL, Fonseca SC, Oliveira PWM, et al. Fetal and infant mortality trends according to the avoidability of causes of death and maternal education. Rev Bras Epidemiol, 2021, 24(suppl 1): e210008.
19.	Zygmunt A, Tanuseputro P, James P, et al. Neighbourhood-level marginalization and avoidable mortality in Ontario, Canada: a population-based study. Can J Public Health, 2020, 111(2): 169-181.
20.	Costa C, Freitas A, Almendra R, et al. The association between material deprivation and avoidable mortality in Lisbon, Portugal. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2020, 17(22): 8517.
21.	Shahidi FV, Parnia A, Siddiqi A. Trends in socioeconomic inequalities in premature and avoidable mortality in Canada, 1991-2016. CMAJ, 2020, 192(39): E1114-E1128.
22.	Harnessing primary care to reduce avoidable mortality. Lancet, 2016, 388(10040): 104.
23.	周奕男, 王春芳, 钱轶峰, 等. 2001—2010年中国城市和农村医学可避免死亡率的比较. 中华预防医学杂志, 2013, 47(3): 282-284.
24.	严宝湖, 蔡玥, 薛明, 等. 2010与2017年中国城市和农村主要慢性病可避免死亡率的比较研究. 中华预防医学杂志, 2020, 54(6): 679-684.
25.	Weber A, Reisig V, Buschner A, et al. Avoidable mortality-a new indicator version for prevention reporting. Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz, 2022, 65(1): 116-125.

1. Rutstein DD, Berenberg W, Chalmers TC, et al. Measuring the quality of medical care: a clinical method. N Engl J Med, 1976, 294(11): 582-588.
2. Rutstein DD, Berenberg W, Chalmers TC, et al. Measuring the quality of medical care: second revision of tables of indexes. N Engl J Med, 1980, 302(20): 1146.
3. Rutstein DD, Berenberg W, Chalmers T C, et al. "Measuring the quality of medical care": revision of tables of indexes. N Engl J Med, 1977, 297(9): 508.
4. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Avoidable mortality: OECD/Eurostat lists of preventable and treatable causes of death. Available at: https://www.oecd.org/health/health-systems/Avoidable-mortality-2019-Joint-OECD-Eurostat-List-preventable-treatable-causes-of-death.pdf.
5. Westerling R, Smedby B. The European Community 'avoidable death indicators' in Sweden 1974-1985. Int J Epidemiol, 1992, 21(3): 502-510.
6. Westerling R. Trends in "avoidable" mortality in Sweden, 1974-1985. J Epidemiol Community Health, 1992, 46(5): 489-493.
7. Westerling R. "Avoidable" causes of death in Sweden 1974-85. Qual Assur Health Care, 1992, 4(4): 319-328.
8. Charlton JR, Hartley RM, Silver R, et al. Geographical variation in mortality from conditions amenable to medical intervention in England and Wales. Lancet, 1983, 1(8326 Pt 1): 691-696.
9. Holland W. European Community atlas of avoidable death (1^st edition). Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1988.
10. Holland W. European Community atlas of avoidable death (2^nd edition). Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1991.
11. Holland W. European Community atlas of avoidable death (3^rd edition). Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997.
12. Nolte E, McKee M. Does healthcare save lives? Avoidable mortality revisited. Available at: https://www.nuffieldtrust.org.uk/files/2017-01/does-healthcare-save-lives-web-final.pdf.
13. Nolte E, McKee M. Variations in amenable mortality-trends in 16 high-income nations. Health Policy, 2011, 103(1): 47-52.
14. Kim W, Jang S, Lee G, et al. Disparities in cancer-related avoidable mortality by the level of area deprivation in South Korea. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2021, 18(15): 7856.
15. Souza LG, Siviero PCL. Sex differentials in avoidable mortality and potential life expectancy gains in São Paulo, SP, Brazil: a cross-sectional study of the period 2014-2016. Epidemiol Serv Saude, 2020, 29(3): e2018451.
16. Knaul FM, Arreola-Ornelas H, Rodriguez NM, et al. Avoidable mortality: the core of the global cancer divide. J Glob Oncol, 2018, 4: 1-12.
17. 曾梦君, 吴颖岚, 陈霞, 等. 2010—2019年湖南省孕产妇死亡变化趋势及影响因素分析. 现代预防医学, 2021, 48(2): 241-244.
18. Kale PL, Fonseca SC, Oliveira PWM, et al. Fetal and infant mortality trends according to the avoidability of causes of death and maternal education. Rev Bras Epidemiol, 2021, 24(suppl 1): e210008.
19. Zygmunt A, Tanuseputro P, James P, et al. Neighbourhood-level marginalization and avoidable mortality in Ontario, Canada: a population-based study. Can J Public Health, 2020, 111(2): 169-181.
20. Costa C, Freitas A, Almendra R, et al. The association between material deprivation and avoidable mortality in Lisbon, Portugal. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2020, 17(22): 8517.
21. Shahidi FV, Parnia A, Siddiqi A. Trends in socioeconomic inequalities in premature and avoidable mortality in Canada, 1991-2016. CMAJ, 2020, 192(39): E1114-E1128.
22. Harnessing primary care to reduce avoidable mortality. Lancet, 2016, 388(10040): 104.
23. 周奕男, 王春芳, 钱轶峰, 等. 2001—2010年中国城市和农村医学可避免死亡率的比较. 中华预防医学杂志, 2013, 47(3): 282-284.
24. 严宝湖, 蔡玥, 薛明, 等. 2010与2017年中国城市和农村主要慢性病可避免死亡率的比较研究. 中华预防医学杂志, 2020, 54(6): 679-684.
25. Weber A, Reisig V, Buschner A, et al. Avoidable mortality-a new indicator version for prevention reporting. Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz, 2022, 65(1): 116-125.

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