儿童癫痫持续状态的预后_Journal of Epilepsy

Authors：

李桃利 ,  王艺

复旦大学附属儿科医院神经内科(上海 201102);

Corresponding author：

王艺, Email: yiwang@shmu.edu.cn

Keywords：

儿童; 癫痫持续状态; 预后; 危险因素

DOI：

10.7507/2096-0247.20170034

Video：

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癫痫持续状态(Status epilepticus, SE)是儿童最常见的神经系统危重症，具有较高的致死率和致残率，因此了解其预后及相关危险因素至关重要。文章对儿童SE预后的相关文献进行综述，主要涉及儿童SE的死亡率、复发率、继发癫痫、海马损伤、神经功能障碍及其相关危险因素分析，以期对SE患儿的预后判断有所帮助。

Citation： 李桃利, 王艺. 儿童癫痫持续状态的预后. Journal of Epilepsy, 2017, 3(3): 223-229. doi: 10.7507/2096-0247.20170034 Copy

1.	Freilich ER, Schreiber JM, Zelleke T, et al. Pediatric status epilepticus. Current Opinion in Pediatrics, 2014, 26(6): 655-661.
2.	姜玉武.儿童惊厥性癫痫持续状态——难题与决策.医学与哲学(临床决策论坛版), 2010, 31(08): 6-9.
3.	Tasker RC. Status epilepticus in children. Curr Opin Pediatr, 2014, 26(6): 653-654.
4.	Trinka E, Cock H, Hesdorffer D, et al. A definition and classification of status epilepticus-report of the ILAE task force on classification of status epilepticus. Epilepsia, 2015, 56(10): 1515-1523.
5.	Chin RF, Neville BG, Peckham C, et al. Incidence, cause, and short-term outcome of convulsive status epilepticus in childhood: prospective population-based study. Lancet, 2006, 368(9531): 222-229.
6.	Sadarangani M, Seaton C, Scott JAG, et al. Incidence and outcome of convulsive status epilepticus in kenyan children: a cohort study. The Lancet Neurology, 2008, 7(2): 145-150.
7.	Sánchez Fernández I, Abend NS, Agadi S, et al. Gaps and opportunities in refractory status epilepticus research in children: a multi-center approach by the Pediatric Status Epilepticus Research Group (pSERG). Seizure, 2014, 23(2): 87-97.
8.	Nishiyama I, Ohtsuka Y, Tsuda T, et al. An epidemiological study of children with status epilepticus in okayama, Japan: Incidence, etiologies, and outcomes. Epilepsy Research, 2011, 96(1-2): 89-95.
9.	Bergamo S, Parata F, Nosadini M, et al. Children with convulsive epileptic seizures presenting to padua pediatric emergency department: the first retrospective population-based descriptive study in an italian health district. Journal of Child Neurology, 2015, 30(3): 289-295.
10.	Dham BS, Hunter K, Rincon F. The epidemiology of status epilepticus in the united state. Neurocritical Care, 2014, 20(3): 476-483.
11.	Fujikawa DG. Prolonged seizures and cellular injury: understanding the connection. Epilepsy & Behavior, 2005, 7(2): 3-11.
12.	Ng Y, Maganti R. Status epilepticus in childhood. Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health, 2013, 49(6): 432-437.
13.	Chen JW, Wasterlain CG. Status epilepticus: pathophysiology and management in adults. The Lancet Neurology, 2006, 5(3): 246-256.
14.	Asadi-Pooya AA, Poordast A. Etiologies and outcomes of status epilepticus in children. Epilepsy & Behavior, 2005, 7(3): 502-505.
15.	Halawa EF, Draz I, Ahmed D, et al. Predictors of outcome of convulsive status epilepticus among an egyptian pediatric tertiary hospital. Journal of Child Neurology, 2015, 30(13): 1736-1742.
16.	Lin K, Lin J, Hsia S, et al. Analysis of convulsive status epilepticus in children of taiwan. Pediatric Neurology, 2009, 41(6): 413-418.
17.	van Rooij LGM, de Vries LS, Handryastuti S, et al. Neuro developmental outcome in term infants with status epilepticus detected with amplitude-integrated electroencephalography. Pediatrics, 2007, 120(2): E354-E363.
18.	Roy H, Lippé S, Lussier F, et al. Developmental outcome after a single episode of status epilepticus. Epilepsy & Behavior, 2011, 21(4): 430-436.
19.	Pujar SS, Neville BGR, Scott RC, et al. Death within 8 years after childhood convulsive status epilepticus: a population-based study. Brain, 2011, 134(10): 2819-2827.
20.	Maegaki Y, Kurozawa Y, Tamasaki A, et al. Early predictors of status epilepticus-associated mortality and morbidity in children. Brain and Development, 2015, 37(5): 478-486.
21.	Lambrechtsen FACP, Buchhalter JR. Aborted and refractory status epilepticus in children: a comparative analysis. Epilepsia, 2008, 49(4): 615-625.
22.	Loddenkemper T, Syed TU, Ramgopal S, et al. Risk factors associated with death in in-hospital pediatric convulsive status epilepticus. PLoS One, 2012, 7(10): e47474.
23.	Shah S, Shah N, Johnson R, et al. Single center outcomes of status epilepticus at a paediatric intensive care unit. Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques, 2016, 43(01): 105-112.
24.	Raspall-Chaure M, Chin RF, Neville BG, et al. Outcome of paediatric convulsive status epilepticus: a systematic review. The Lancet Neurology, 2006, 5(9): 769-779.
25.	Ostrowsky K, Arzimanoglou A. Outcome and prognosis of status epilepticus in children. Seminars in Pediatric Neurology, 2010, 17(3): 195-200.
26.	Okanishi T, Maegaki Y, Ohno K, et al. Underlying neurologic disorders and recurrence rates of status epilepticus in childhood. Brain and Development, 2008, 30(10): 624-628.
27.	Fiumana E, Della Cuna C, Savelli A, et al. Recurrent status epilepticus: a study of the risk factors in a pediatric population. Acta Medica Mediterranea, 2008, 24(1): 65-68.
28.	Marchi N, Angelov L, Masaryk T, et al. Seizure-promoting effect of blood Brain barrier disruption. Epilepsia, 2007, 48(4): 732-742.
29.	Gorter JA, van Vliet EA, Aronica E. Status epilepticus, blood-brain barrier disruption, inflammation, and epileptogenesis. Epilepsy & Behavior, 2015, 49(10): 13-16.
30.	Gibbons MB, Smeal RM, Takahashi DK, et al. Contributions of astrocytes to epileptogenesis following status epilepticus: opportunities for preventive therapy. Neurochemistry International, 2013, 63(7): 660-669.
31.	Ray A, Kotagal P. Temporal lobe epilepsy in children: overview of clinical semiology. Epileptic Disord, 2005, 7(4): 299-307.
32.	Trinka E, Unterrainer J, Haberlandt E, et al. Childhood febrile convulsions-which factors determine the subsequent epilepsy syndrome a retrospective study. Epilepsy Research, 2002, 50(3): 283-292.
33.	Yoong M, Martinos MM, Chin RF, et al. Hippocampal volume loss following childhood convulsive status epilepticus is not limited to prolonged febrile seizures. Epilepsia, 2013, 54(7): 558-563.
34.	Lewis DV, Shinnar S, Hesdorffer DC, et al. Hippocampal sclerosis after febrile status epilepticus: the febstat study. Annals of Neurology, 2014, 75(2): 178-185.
35.	Provenzale JM, Barboriak DP, VanLandingham K, et al. Hippocampal MRI signal hyperintensity after febrile status epilepticus is predictive of subsequent mesial temporal sclerosis. American Journal of Roentgenology, 2008, 190(4): 976-983.
36.	Saz EU, Karapinar B, Ozcetin M, et al. Convulsive status epilepticus in children: Etiology, treatment protocol and outcome. Seizure, 2011, 20(2): 115-118.
37.	Shinnar S, Pellock JM, Berg AT, et al. Short-term outcomes of children with febrile status epilepticus. Epilepsia, 2001, 42(1): 47-53.
38.	Shinnar S, Maytal J, Krasnoff L, et al. Recurrent status epilepticus in children. Annals of Neurology, 1992, 31(6): 598-604.
39.	Camfield P, Camfield C. Unprovoked status epilepticus: the prognosis for otherwise normal children with focal epilepsy. Pediatrics, 2012, 130(3): e501-506.
40.	Tully I, Draper ES, Lamming CR, et al. Admissions to paediatric intensive care units (PICU) with refractory convulsive status epilepticus (RCSE) A two-year multi-centre study. Seizure, 2015, 29(5): 153-161.
41.	Hocker S, Tatum WO, La Roche S, et al. Refractory and super-refractory status epilepticus-an update. Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports, 2014, 14(6): 181.
42.	毛丹丹.儿童难治性癫痫持续状态76例分析.重庆医科大学学报, 2015, 39(1): 96-99.
43.	Sahin M, Menache CC, Holmes GL, et al. Outcome of severe refractory status epilepticus in children. Epilepsia, 2001, 42(11): 1461-1467.
44.	Shinnar S, Berg AT, Moshe SL, et al. How long do new-onset seizures in children last. Ann Neurol, 2001, 49(5): 659-664.
45.	Kang BS, Jhang Y, Kim Y, et al. Etiology and prognosis of non-convulsive status epilepticus. Journal of Clinical Neuroscience, 2014, 21(11):1915-1919.
46.	Jafarpour S, Loddenkemper T. Outcomes in pediatric patients with nonconvulsive status epilepticus. Epilepsy & Behavior, 2015, 49(4):98-103.
47.	Hocker S. Systemic complications of status epilepticus: an update. Epilepsy & Behavior, 2015, 49(4) 83-87.
48.	Iyer VN, Hoel R, Rabinstein AA. Propofol infusion syndrome in patients with refractory status epilepticus: an 11-year clinical experience. Critical Care Medicine, 2009, 37(12):3024-3030.
49.	Jiang W, Wang X, Zhou S. Rhabdomyolysis induced by antiepileptic drugs: characteristics, treatment and prognosis. Expert Opin Drug Saf, 2016, 15(3): 357-365.

1. Freilich ER, Schreiber JM, Zelleke T, et al. Pediatric status epilepticus. Current Opinion in Pediatrics, 2014, 26(6): 655-661.
2. 姜玉武.儿童惊厥性癫痫持续状态——难题与决策.医学与哲学(临床决策论坛版), 2010, 31(08): 6-9.
3. Tasker RC. Status epilepticus in children. Curr Opin Pediatr, 2014, 26(6): 653-654.
4. Trinka E, Cock H, Hesdorffer D, et al. A definition and classification of status epilepticus-report of the ILAE task force on classification of status epilepticus. Epilepsia, 2015, 56(10): 1515-1523.
5. Chin RF, Neville BG, Peckham C, et al. Incidence, cause, and short-term outcome of convulsive status epilepticus in childhood: prospective population-based study. Lancet, 2006, 368(9531): 222-229.
6. Sadarangani M, Seaton C, Scott JAG, et al. Incidence and outcome of convulsive status epilepticus in kenyan children: a cohort study. The Lancet Neurology, 2008, 7(2): 145-150.
7. Sánchez Fernández I, Abend NS, Agadi S, et al. Gaps and opportunities in refractory status epilepticus research in children: a multi-center approach by the Pediatric Status Epilepticus Research Group (pSERG). Seizure, 2014, 23(2): 87-97.
8. Nishiyama I, Ohtsuka Y, Tsuda T, et al. An epidemiological study of children with status epilepticus in okayama, Japan: Incidence, etiologies, and outcomes. Epilepsy Research, 2011, 96(1-2): 89-95.
9. Bergamo S, Parata F, Nosadini M, et al. Children with convulsive epileptic seizures presenting to padua pediatric emergency department: the first retrospective population-based descriptive study in an italian health district. Journal of Child Neurology, 2015, 30(3): 289-295.
10. Dham BS, Hunter K, Rincon F. The epidemiology of status epilepticus in the united state. Neurocritical Care, 2014, 20(3): 476-483.
11. Fujikawa DG. Prolonged seizures and cellular injury: understanding the connection. Epilepsy & Behavior, 2005, 7(2): 3-11.
12. Ng Y, Maganti R. Status epilepticus in childhood. Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health, 2013, 49(6): 432-437.
13. Chen JW, Wasterlain CG. Status epilepticus: pathophysiology and management in adults. The Lancet Neurology, 2006, 5(3): 246-256.
14. Asadi-Pooya AA, Poordast A. Etiologies and outcomes of status epilepticus in children. Epilepsy & Behavior, 2005, 7(3): 502-505.
15. Halawa EF, Draz I, Ahmed D, et al. Predictors of outcome of convulsive status epilepticus among an egyptian pediatric tertiary hospital. Journal of Child Neurology, 2015, 30(13): 1736-1742.
16. Lin K, Lin J, Hsia S, et al. Analysis of convulsive status epilepticus in children of taiwan. Pediatric Neurology, 2009, 41(6): 413-418.
17. van Rooij LGM, de Vries LS, Handryastuti S, et al. Neuro developmental outcome in term infants with status epilepticus detected with amplitude-integrated electroencephalography. Pediatrics, 2007, 120(2): E354-E363.
18. Roy H, Lippé S, Lussier F, et al. Developmental outcome after a single episode of status epilepticus. Epilepsy & Behavior, 2011, 21(4): 430-436.
19. Pujar SS, Neville BGR, Scott RC, et al. Death within 8 years after childhood convulsive status epilepticus: a population-based study. Brain, 2011, 134(10): 2819-2827.
20. Maegaki Y, Kurozawa Y, Tamasaki A, et al. Early predictors of status epilepticus-associated mortality and morbidity in children. Brain and Development, 2015, 37(5): 478-486.
21. Lambrechtsen FACP, Buchhalter JR. Aborted and refractory status epilepticus in children: a comparative analysis. Epilepsia, 2008, 49(4): 615-625.
22. Loddenkemper T, Syed TU, Ramgopal S, et al. Risk factors associated with death in in-hospital pediatric convulsive status epilepticus. PLoS One, 2012, 7(10): e47474.
23. Shah S, Shah N, Johnson R, et al. Single center outcomes of status epilepticus at a paediatric intensive care unit. Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques, 2016, 43(01): 105-112.
24. Raspall-Chaure M, Chin RF, Neville BG, et al. Outcome of paediatric convulsive status epilepticus: a systematic review. The Lancet Neurology, 2006, 5(9): 769-779.
25. Ostrowsky K, Arzimanoglou A. Outcome and prognosis of status epilepticus in children. Seminars in Pediatric Neurology, 2010, 17(3): 195-200.
26. Okanishi T, Maegaki Y, Ohno K, et al. Underlying neurologic disorders and recurrence rates of status epilepticus in childhood. Brain and Development, 2008, 30(10): 624-628.
27. Fiumana E, Della Cuna C, Savelli A, et al. Recurrent status epilepticus: a study of the risk factors in a pediatric population. Acta Medica Mediterranea, 2008, 24(1): 65-68.
28. Marchi N, Angelov L, Masaryk T, et al. Seizure-promoting effect of blood Brain barrier disruption. Epilepsia, 2007, 48(4): 732-742.
29. Gorter JA, van Vliet EA, Aronica E. Status epilepticus, blood-brain barrier disruption, inflammation, and epileptogenesis. Epilepsy & Behavior, 2015, 49(10): 13-16.
30. Gibbons MB, Smeal RM, Takahashi DK, et al. Contributions of astrocytes to epileptogenesis following status epilepticus: opportunities for preventive therapy. Neurochemistry International, 2013, 63(7): 660-669.
31. Ray A, Kotagal P. Temporal lobe epilepsy in children: overview of clinical semiology. Epileptic Disord, 2005, 7(4): 299-307.
32. Trinka E, Unterrainer J, Haberlandt E, et al. Childhood febrile convulsions-which factors determine the subsequent epilepsy syndrome a retrospective study. Epilepsy Research, 2002, 50(3): 283-292.
33. Yoong M, Martinos MM, Chin RF, et al. Hippocampal volume loss following childhood convulsive status epilepticus is not limited to prolonged febrile seizures. Epilepsia, 2013, 54(7): 558-563.
34. Lewis DV, Shinnar S, Hesdorffer DC, et al. Hippocampal sclerosis after febrile status epilepticus: the febstat study. Annals of Neurology, 2014, 75(2): 178-185.
35. Provenzale JM, Barboriak DP, VanLandingham K, et al. Hippocampal MRI signal hyperintensity after febrile status epilepticus is predictive of subsequent mesial temporal sclerosis. American Journal of Roentgenology, 2008, 190(4): 976-983.
36. Saz EU, Karapinar B, Ozcetin M, et al. Convulsive status epilepticus in children: Etiology, treatment protocol and outcome. Seizure, 2011, 20(2): 115-118.
37. Shinnar S, Pellock JM, Berg AT, et al. Short-term outcomes of children with febrile status epilepticus. Epilepsia, 2001, 42(1): 47-53.
38. Shinnar S, Maytal J, Krasnoff L, et al. Recurrent status epilepticus in children. Annals of Neurology, 1992, 31(6): 598-604.
39. Camfield P, Camfield C. Unprovoked status epilepticus: the prognosis for otherwise normal children with focal epilepsy. Pediatrics, 2012, 130(3): e501-506.
40. Tully I, Draper ES, Lamming CR, et al. Admissions to paediatric intensive care units (PICU) with refractory convulsive status epilepticus (RCSE) A two-year multi-centre study. Seizure, 2015, 29(5): 153-161.
41. Hocker S, Tatum WO, La Roche S, et al. Refractory and super-refractory status epilepticus-an update. Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports, 2014, 14(6): 181.
42. 毛丹丹.儿童难治性癫痫持续状态76例分析.重庆医科大学学报, 2015, 39(1): 96-99.
43. Sahin M, Menache CC, Holmes GL, et al. Outcome of severe refractory status epilepticus in children. Epilepsia, 2001, 42(11): 1461-1467.
44. Shinnar S, Berg AT, Moshe SL, et al. How long do new-onset seizures in children last. Ann Neurol, 2001, 49(5): 659-664.
45. Kang BS, Jhang Y, Kim Y, et al. Etiology and prognosis of non-convulsive status epilepticus. Journal of Clinical Neuroscience, 2014, 21(11):1915-1919.
46. Jafarpour S, Loddenkemper T. Outcomes in pediatric patients with nonconvulsive status epilepticus. Epilepsy & Behavior, 2015, 49(4):98-103.
47. Hocker S. Systemic complications of status epilepticus: an update. Epilepsy & Behavior, 2015, 49(4) 83-87.
48. Iyer VN, Hoel R, Rabinstein AA. Propofol infusion syndrome in patients with refractory status epilepticus: an 11-year clinical experience. Critical Care Medicine, 2009, 37(12):3024-3030.
49. Jiang W, Wang X, Zhou S. Rhabdomyolysis induced by antiepileptic drugs: characteristics, treatment and prognosis. Expert Opin Drug Saf, 2016, 15(3): 357-365.

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