肌阵挛与肌阵挛癫痫_Journal of Epilepsy

Authors：

 王凤楼

天津医科大学总医院保健医疗部/老年病科（天津 300052）;

Corresponding author：

王凤楼, Email: hapzhijuan0217@126.com

Keywords：

癫痫; 肌阵挛; 分类; 诊断; 治疗

DOI：

10.7507/2096-0247.20210055

Video：

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肌阵挛是中枢神经系统所致突然、短暂、电击状（shock like）不随意运动。肌阵挛癫痫定义尚有争议，目前认为可能是涵盖癫痫的电临床意义，累及下行的神经元，此神经元的扩展或颞叶扩充能扳击为明显的痫性活动。肌阵挛可能是多种癫痫综合征的一部分（如青少年肌阵挛、全面强直-阵挛或进行性肌阵挛癫痫），也可能是单独发作表现（如良性肌阵挛癫痫），或是多种癫痫类型之一（如肌阵挛性-不稳定性癫痫）。肌阵挛癫痫分为皮层性肌阵挛、丘脑-皮层性肌阵挛、皮层反射性肌阵挛、阴性肌阵挛、良性家族性皮质性肌阵挛震颤癫痫、进行性肌阵挛癫痫、青少年肌阵挛癫痫。一般传统抗癫痫药物，除丙戊酸、氯硝基安定、苯巴比妥外，其他抗癫痫药物均无效。新型抗癫痫药物已证实左乙拉西坦、托吡酯、唑尼沙胺、吡拉西坦及吡仑帕奈有效，但对不同类型肌阵挛癫痫治疗效果有差异。

Citation： 王凤楼. 肌阵挛与肌阵挛癫痫. Journal of Epilepsy, 2021, 7(4): 340-342. doi: 10.7507/2096-0247.20210055 Copy

1.	Serratosa JM. Myoclonic sergures. In: Wyllie ed. The treatment of epilepsy 3nd ed. Philadelphia. Lippincott, Williams and Wilkins: Philadelphia, 2001: 395-404.
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10.	王凤楼. 家族性皮质肌阵挛震颤性癫痫一家系. 中华神经科杂志, 2013, 46(6): 430-431.
11.	Badhwar A, Berkovic SF, Dowling JP et al. Action myoclonμs-retal failure syndrome: characterization of a unique cerebro-renal disorder. Brain, 2004, 127: 2173-2182.
12.	王凤楼. 正确评估脑电图对提高青少年肌阵挛癫癎诊断的价值. 中华神经科杂志, 2009, 42(7): 468-470.
13.	王凤楼. 左乙拉西坦治疗青少年肌阵挛癫痫的初步探讨. 癫痫与神经电生理杂志, 2011, 20(1): 25-27.
14.	Yingying Zhang, Jiani Chen, Jiechuan Ren, et al. Clinical features and treatment outcomes of Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy patients. Epilepsia Open, 2019, 4(2): 302-308.
15.	高瑜, 魏晓丽, 王玉平. 青少年肌阵挛癫痫的临床电生理特征及康癫痫药物疗效分析. 癫痫杂志, 2016, 2(1): 9-13.
16.	Mayahara A, Saito Y, Sugai K, et al. Reassessment of phenytoin for treatment of late stage progressive myoclonμs epilepsy complicated with statμs epilepticμs. Epilepsy Res, 2009, 84: 801-809.

1. Serratosa JM. Myoclonic sergures. In: Wyllie ed. The treatment of epilepsy 3nd ed. Philadelphia. Lippincott, Williams and Wilkins: Philadelphia, 2001: 395-404.
2. Caviness JN, Brown P. Myoclonμs: current concepts and recent advances. Lancet Neurol, 2004, 3(10): 598-607.
3. Patel VM, Jankovic J. Myoclonμs. In: SH Appel (Ed.), Cuttent Neurology. Vol. 8. Year Book Medical Publishers, Chicago, 1988: 105-156.
4. Leppik IE. Classification of the Myoclonic Epilepsies. Epilepsia, 2003, 44(2-6): 1-6.
5. Guerrini R, Dravet C, Genton P, et al. Epileptic negative myoclonμs. Neurology, 1993, 43: 1078-1083.
6. Cambideg R, Bananni P, Pameggiani L, et al. The physiology of myoclonic epilepsies. Ady Neurol, 2005, 95: 23-46.
7. Commission on Pediatric Epilepsy of the International League Against Epilepsy. Myoclonμs and epilepsy in childhood. Epilepsia, 1997, 38(11): 1251-1254.
8. Kanouchi T, Yakota T, Kamata T, et al. Central pathway of photic reflex myoclocμs. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, 1997, 62(2): 414-417.
9. Hitomi T, Ikeda A, Matsumoto R et al. Generator and temporal sucession of giant somatosensory evoked potentials in cortical reflex myoclonμs: epicortical recording from sensorimotor cortex. Clin Neurophysiology, 2006, 117(7): 1481-1486.
10. 王凤楼. 家族性皮质肌阵挛震颤性癫痫一家系. 中华神经科杂志, 2013, 46(6): 430-431.
11. Badhwar A, Berkovic SF, Dowling JP et al. Action myoclonμs-retal failure syndrome: characterization of a unique cerebro-renal disorder. Brain, 2004, 127: 2173-2182.
12. 王凤楼. 正确评估脑电图对提高青少年肌阵挛癫癎诊断的价值. 中华神经科杂志, 2009, 42(7): 468-470.
13. 王凤楼. 左乙拉西坦治疗青少年肌阵挛癫痫的初步探讨. 癫痫与神经电生理杂志, 2011, 20(1): 25-27.
14. Yingying Zhang, Jiani Chen, Jiechuan Ren, et al. Clinical features and treatment outcomes of Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy patients. Epilepsia Open, 2019, 4(2): 302-308.
15. 高瑜, 魏晓丽, 王玉平. 青少年肌阵挛癫痫的临床电生理特征及康癫痫药物疗效分析. 癫痫杂志, 2016, 2(1): 9-13.
16. Mayahara A, Saito Y, Sugai K, et al. Reassessment of phenytoin for treatment of late stage progressive myoclonμs epilepsy complicated with statμs epilepticμs. Epilepsy Res, 2009, 84: 801-809.

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