穿透征（Transmantle sign）的磁共振成像及其特征_Journal of Epilepsy

Authors：

 吴逊 , 王薇薇

北京大学第一医院神经内科（北京 100034）;

Corresponding author：

吴逊, Email: bxtong37@163.com

Keywords：

穿透征; 磁共振成像; 限局性皮质发育障碍

DOI：

10.7507/2096-0247.202111010

Video：

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Barkovich等于1997年首先报道磁共振成像的穿透征，在T2相FLAIR相为轻度高信号，T1相为低信号的带状异常从异常脑沟伸延至侧脑室壁。最常见于局限性皮质发育障碍 Ⅱb 型。本文复习相关文献介绍其磁共振成像特点、定义、临床意义及组织病理学，结合发生机制强调穿透征的必要条件为从皮质沟底伸向侧脑室壁的异常信号，不能与同样常见于局限性皮质发育障碍 Ⅱ 型的沟底现象混为一谈。

Citation： 吴逊, 王薇薇. 穿透征（Transmantle sign）的磁共振成像及其特征. Journal of Epilepsy, 2022, 8(2): 138-141. doi: 10.7507/2096-0247.202111010 Copy

1.	Wang DD, Deans AE, Barkovich AJ, et al. Transmantle sign in focal cortical dysplasia: a unigue radiological entity with excellent prognosis for seizure contral. J Neurosurg, 2013, 118(2): 337-344.
2.	Taylor DC, Falconer. Focal dysplasia of the cerebral cortex in epilepsy. J Neuro Neurosurg Psychiat, 1971, 34(4): 369-387.
3.	Urbach H, Scheffer B, Heinrichmeier T, et al. Focal cortical dysplasia of Taytor's batton cell type: a clinicopathologocal entity with characteristic neuroimaging and histopathological features, and favorable postsurgical outcome. Epilepsia, 2002, 43(1): 33-40.
4.	Kresk P, Maton B, Korman B, et al. Different features of histopathological subtype of pediatric focal cortical dysplasia. Ann Neurol, 2008, 63(6): 758-769.
5.	Barkovich AJ, Guerrini R, Kuzniecky RI, et al. A development and genetic classification for malformation of cortical development: update 2012. Brain, 2012, 135(Pt5): 1348-1369.
6.	Colombo N, Citters A, Galli C, et al. Neuroimaging of focal cortical dysplasia: neuropathological correlation. Epileptic Disord, 2003, 5(suppl 2): S67-S72.
7.	Barkovich AJ, Kuzmiecky RI, Jackson GD, et al. A development and genetic classification for malformation of cortical development. Neurology, 2005, 65(12): 1873-1887.
8.	Palmini A, Najm I, Avanzini G, et al. Terminology and classification of the cortical dysplasia. Neurology, 2004, 62(6 Suppl 3): S2-S8.
9.	Tassi L, Colombo N, Garbelli R, et al. Focal cortical dysplasia: Neuropathological subtype, EEG, neuroimaging and surgical autcome. Brain, 2002, 125(Pt8): 1719-1732.
10.	Blumcke I, Thom M, Aronica E, et al. The clinicopathologic spectrum of focal cortical dysplasia: a consensesus classification proposed by an ad hoc Task Force of the ILAE Diagnostic Methods Commission. Epilepsia, 2011, 52(1): 158-174.
11.	邓馨, 王薇薇, 吴逊. 限局性皮质发育障碍分型、诊断和治疗. 癫痫杂志, 2016, 2(3): 234-241.
12.	Palimini A, Lüders HO. Claciffication issues in malformations caused by abnormalities of cortical development. Neurosurg Clin North Am. 2002, 13(1): 1-16.
13.	邓馨, 王薇薇, 吴逊. 灰质异位与癫痫发作. 癫痫杂志, 2018, 4(6): 497-504.
14.	Mellerio C, Labeyrie MA, Chassoux F, et al. 3T MRI improves the detection of transmantle sign in type2 focal cortical dysplasia. Epilepsia, 2014, 55(1): 117-122.
15.	Mellerio C, Labeyrie M-A, Daumas-Duport C, et al. Optimizing MRI imaging detection of type 2 focal cortical dysplasia: best criteria for clinical practice. Am J Neuroradiol, 2012, 33(10): 1932-1938.
16.	Colombo N, Tassi L, Deleo F, et al. Focal cortical dysplasia typeⅡa and Ⅱb: MRI aspects in 118 cases proven by histopathology. Neuroradiology, 2012, 54(10): 1065-1077.
17.	Mellero C, Poca P, Chassoux F, et al. The power buttom sign: a newly described central sulcal pattern on surface rendering MR images of type2 focal cortical dysplasia. Radiology, 2015, 274(2): 500-507.
18.	Barkovich AJ, Kuzniecky RI, Bollen AW, et al. Focal transmantle dysplasia: a specific malformation of cortical development. Neurology, 1997, 49(4): 1148-1152.
19.	Widjaja E, Otsubo H, Rayboud C, et al. Characteristics of MEG and MRI between Taylor's focal cortical dysplasia(typeⅡ) and other cortical dysplasia: surgical outcome after complete resection of MEG spike source and MR lesion in pediatric cortical dysplasia. Epilepsy Research. 2008, 82: 147-155.
20.	Bernasconi A, Cendes F, Theodore W, et al. Recommendations for the use of structural magnetic resonance imaging in the care of patients with epilepsy: a consensus report from the International League Against Epilepsy Neuroimaging Task Force. Epilepsia, 2019, 60(6): 1054-1068.
21.	Mühlehner A, Coras R, Kobow K, et al. Neuropathologic measurements in focal cortical dysplasias: validation of the ILAE 2011 classification system and diagnostic implications for MRI. Acta Neuropathol, 2012, 123(2): 259-272.
22.	Kokkinos V, Kallifatidis A, Kapsalaki E, et al. Thin isotropic FLAIR MR images at 1. 5T increase the yield of focal cortical dysplasia transmantle sign detection in frontal lobe epilepsy. Epilepsy Research, 2017, 132(1): 1-7.
23.	Colon AJ, van Osch MJP, Buijs M, et al. Detection superiority of 7T MRI protocol in patients with epilepsy and suspected focal cortical dysplasia. Ann Neurol Bleg, 2016, 116(2): 259-269.
24.	Kresk P, Maton B, Jayakar P, et al. Incomplete resection of focal cortical dyoplasia in the main predictor of poor postsurgical outcome. Neurology, 2009, 72(3): 217-223.

1. Wang DD, Deans AE, Barkovich AJ, et al. Transmantle sign in focal cortical dysplasia: a unigue radiological entity with excellent prognosis for seizure contral. J Neurosurg, 2013, 118(2): 337-344.
2. Taylor DC, Falconer. Focal dysplasia of the cerebral cortex in epilepsy. J Neuro Neurosurg Psychiat, 1971, 34(4): 369-387.
3. Urbach H, Scheffer B, Heinrichmeier T, et al. Focal cortical dysplasia of Taytor's batton cell type: a clinicopathologocal entity with characteristic neuroimaging and histopathological features, and favorable postsurgical outcome. Epilepsia, 2002, 43(1): 33-40.
4. Kresk P, Maton B, Korman B, et al. Different features of histopathological subtype of pediatric focal cortical dysplasia. Ann Neurol, 2008, 63(6): 758-769.
5. Barkovich AJ, Guerrini R, Kuzniecky RI, et al. A development and genetic classification for malformation of cortical development: update 2012. Brain, 2012, 135(Pt5): 1348-1369.
6. Colombo N, Citters A, Galli C, et al. Neuroimaging of focal cortical dysplasia: neuropathological correlation. Epileptic Disord, 2003, 5(suppl 2): S67-S72.
7. Barkovich AJ, Kuzmiecky RI, Jackson GD, et al. A development and genetic classification for malformation of cortical development. Neurology, 2005, 65(12): 1873-1887.
8. Palmini A, Najm I, Avanzini G, et al. Terminology and classification of the cortical dysplasia. Neurology, 2004, 62(6 Suppl 3): S2-S8.
9. Tassi L, Colombo N, Garbelli R, et al. Focal cortical dysplasia: Neuropathological subtype, EEG, neuroimaging and surgical autcome. Brain, 2002, 125(Pt8): 1719-1732.
10. Blumcke I, Thom M, Aronica E, et al. The clinicopathologic spectrum of focal cortical dysplasia: a consensesus classification proposed by an ad hoc Task Force of the ILAE Diagnostic Methods Commission. Epilepsia, 2011, 52(1): 158-174.
11. 邓馨, 王薇薇, 吴逊. 限局性皮质发育障碍分型、诊断和治疗. 癫痫杂志, 2016, 2(3): 234-241.
12. Palimini A, Lüders HO. Claciffication issues in malformations caused by abnormalities of cortical development. Neurosurg Clin North Am. 2002, 13(1): 1-16.
13. 邓馨, 王薇薇, 吴逊. 灰质异位与癫痫发作. 癫痫杂志, 2018, 4(6): 497-504.
14. Mellerio C, Labeyrie MA, Chassoux F, et al. 3T MRI improves the detection of transmantle sign in type2 focal cortical dysplasia. Epilepsia, 2014, 55(1): 117-122.
15. Mellerio C, Labeyrie M-A, Daumas-Duport C, et al. Optimizing MRI imaging detection of type 2 focal cortical dysplasia: best criteria for clinical practice. Am J Neuroradiol, 2012, 33(10): 1932-1938.
16. Colombo N, Tassi L, Deleo F, et al. Focal cortical dysplasia typeⅡa and Ⅱb: MRI aspects in 118 cases proven by histopathology. Neuroradiology, 2012, 54(10): 1065-1077.
17. Mellero C, Poca P, Chassoux F, et al. The power buttom sign: a newly described central sulcal pattern on surface rendering MR images of type2 focal cortical dysplasia. Radiology, 2015, 274(2): 500-507.
18. Barkovich AJ, Kuzniecky RI, Bollen AW, et al. Focal transmantle dysplasia: a specific malformation of cortical development. Neurology, 1997, 49(4): 1148-1152.
19. Widjaja E, Otsubo H, Rayboud C, et al. Characteristics of MEG and MRI between Taylor's focal cortical dysplasia(typeⅡ) and other cortical dysplasia: surgical outcome after complete resection of MEG spike source and MR lesion in pediatric cortical dysplasia. Epilepsy Research. 2008, 82: 147-155.
20. Bernasconi A, Cendes F, Theodore W, et al. Recommendations for the use of structural magnetic resonance imaging in the care of patients with epilepsy: a consensus report from the International League Against Epilepsy Neuroimaging Task Force. Epilepsia, 2019, 60(6): 1054-1068.
21. Mühlehner A, Coras R, Kobow K, et al. Neuropathologic measurements in focal cortical dysplasias: validation of the ILAE 2011 classification system and diagnostic implications for MRI. Acta Neuropathol, 2012, 123(2): 259-272.
22. Kokkinos V, Kallifatidis A, Kapsalaki E, et al. Thin isotropic FLAIR MR images at 1. 5T increase the yield of focal cortical dysplasia transmantle sign detection in frontal lobe epilepsy. Epilepsy Research, 2017, 132(1): 1-7.
23. Colon AJ, van Osch MJP, Buijs M, et al. Detection superiority of 7T MRI protocol in patients with epilepsy and suspected focal cortical dysplasia. Ann Neurol Bleg, 2016, 116(2): 259-269.
24. Kresk P, Maton B, Jayakar P, et al. Incomplete resection of focal cortical dyoplasia in the main predictor of poor postsurgical outcome. Neurology, 2009, 72(3): 217-223.

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穿透征（Transmantle sign）的磁共振成像及其特征

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