Mental Health Survey of Children and Adolescents after 5·12 Wenchuan Earthquake_West China Medical Journal

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Mental Health Center，West China Hospital，Sichuan University，Chengdu 610041，China;

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Keywords：

地震; 少年儿童; 长处与困难问卷（学生版）

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目的:探讨5·12地震灾区11～16岁少年儿童的心理健康状况及其影响因素，为下一步开展创伤后心理危机干预提供依据。方法:在地震发生后一个月，使用长处与困难问卷（SDQ）学生版，调查了1268名来自于灾区的少年儿童（平均年龄14.20±1.02岁，男女比例1:1.02）的心理健康状况及其影响因素。结果:（1）灾区少年儿童SDQ总困难因子平均得分为13.66±5.75，74.9%的人报告自身存在主观困难；（2）女性的总困难因子、情绪因子、亲社会因子得分高于男性（z=-4.317，-7.963，-3.717；Ps lt;0.001）；（3）困难对少年儿童社会功能的影响程度随年龄增加（χ2=7.684，P=0.021）。年龄越大，多动因子得分有增加的趋势（χ2=13.881，P=0.001）；（4）重度暴露组其总困难因子、情绪因子、影响因子得分高于轻度暴露组（z=-2.374，-4.279，-2.114；Ps lt;0.05），困难造成的主观精神困扰程度前组高于后组（z=-2.920，P=0.004）；（5）女性、高年龄者、教师/同学伤亡较重者、震后被转移至安全的帐篷或房屋的间隔时间越长者，SDQ总困难因子异常的危险性越高。结论:震后灾区少年儿童的心理健康状况受到暴露水平、性别、年龄以及震后被转移至安全地点的时间的影响，心理干预应综合考虑相关因素。

Citation： SITU Mingjing,ZHANG Yi,FANG Hui,et al.. Mental Health Survey of Children and Adolescents after 5·12 Wenchuan Earthquake. West China Medical Journal, 2009, 24(1): 24-28. doi: Copy

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1. Goodman R.The extended version of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire as a guide to child psychiatric caseness and consequent burden[J].J Child Psychol Psychiatry，1999，40:791-801..
2. Goodman R.Psychometric properties of the strengths and difficulties questionnaire[J].J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry，2001，40:1337-1345..
3. 刘书君，黄颐，邓先华，等.中文版长处和困难量表的初步因子分析[J].华西医学，2006，21 （2）:295-296..
4. 刘书君.长处和困难问卷（SDQ）中文版的信度和效度研究[D].四川大学，2006..
5. Ronning JA，Handegaard BH，Sourander A，et al.The Strengths and Difficulties SelfReport Questionnaire as a screening instrument in Norwegian community samples[J].Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry，2004，13（2）:73-82..
6. Verhulst FC，Achenbach TM，Van der EJ，et al.Comparisons of problems reported by youths from seven countries.Am J Psychiatry，2003，160:1479-1485..
7. Goodman R，Ford T，Simmons H，et al.Using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire （SDQ） to screen for child psychiatric disorders in a community sample[J].Int Rev Psychiatry，2003，15:166-172..
8. Goodman R，Ford T，Simmons H，et al.Using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire （SDQ） to screen for child psychiatric disorders in a community sample[J].Br J Psychiatry，2000，177:534-539..
9. Van Roy B，Groholt B，Heyerdahl S，et al.Selfreported strengths and difficulties in a large Norwegian population 1019 years:age and gender specific results of the extended SDQquestionnaire[J].Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry，2006，15（4）:189-198..
10. Giannopoulou I，Strouthos M，Smith P，et al.Posttraumatic stress reactions of children and adolescents exposed to the Athens 1999 earthquake[J].Eur Psychiatry，2006，21（3）:160-166..
11. Pynoos RS，Goenjian AK，Karakshian M，et al.Posttraumatic stress reactions in children after the 1988 Armenian earthquake[J].Br J Psychiatry，1993，163:239-247.

West China Medical Journal

Mental Health Survey of Children and Adolescents after 5·12 Wenchuan Earthquake

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